linux上手工创建数据库

1.确定数据库的实例名称为orcl

2.创建目录

• $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/admin/adump
  
• $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/admin/bdump
  
• $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/admin/cdump
  
• $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/admin/udump
  
• $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/admin/pfile
  
• $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/flash_recovery_area

3.创建初始化文件initorcl.ora

创建initSID.ora文件,跟init.ora一样,可以从它复制.SID为实例名.

编辑initorcl.ora文件:

vim initorcl.ora

 db_name='orcl'   #实例名
 memory_target=1G
  processes = 150
  audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/oradata/admin/orcl/adump'
 audit_trail ='db'

db_block_size=8192

 db_domain=''
 db_recovery_file_dest='/opt/oracle/oradata/flash_recovery_area' 
 db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
 diagnostic_dest='/opt/oracle'  dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orcl)'
 open_cursors=300
 remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
 undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
 # You may want to ensure that control files are created on separate physical
 # devices
 control_files = (orcl_control1, orcl_control2)
 compatible ='11.2.0'

4.在 ~/.bash_profile 设置 ORACLE_BASE , ORACLE_HOME 等oracle环境变量

#setting for oracle
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/102
ORACLE_SID=orcl
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID LD_LIBRARY_PATH PATH

 5. 建立创建数据库脚本　createdb.sql

 create database orcl

 MAXINSTANCES 1

 MAXLOGHISTORY 1

 MAXLOGFILES 5

 MAXLOGMEMBERS 5

 MAXDATAFILES 100

 DATAFILE  

 '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 1m maxsize unlimited

 sysaux datafile

 '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/syaux01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on next 1m maxsize unlimited

 default temporary tablespace TEMP tempfile

 '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf' size 20m reuse autoextend on next 64k maxsize unlimited

 undo tablespace UNDOTBS1 datafile

 '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/undo01.dbf' size 20m reuse autoextend on next 5m maxsize unlimited

 logfile

 GROUP 1 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo01.dbf') size 10m,

 GROUP 2 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo02.dbf') size 10m,

 GROUP 3 ('/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo03.dbf') size 10m

 CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK ==字符集

 NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16

   6 .sqlplus "/as sysdba"

    startup nomount;  

    执行创建createdb.sql

 @?$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/createdb.sql

 9.配置监听
     $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
  vi listener.ora
  SID_LIST_orcl=
  (SID_DESC=
  (SID_NAME=orcl)
  (ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
      )
   )
 orcl=
  (DESCRIPTIONI_LIST=
  (DESCRIPTION=
  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)
  (HOST=192.168.56.100)(PORT=1521)
  )
  )
   10 配置tnsnames.ora
   
    orcl=
  (
  DESCRIPTION=
  (ADDRESS_LIST=
  (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.56.100)(PORT=1521)))
  (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=orcl)
  )
  )

11 手工启停
     启动监听:lsnrctl start
     停止监听:lsnrctl stop
     启动数据库
     sqlplus "/as sysdba"
     startup 
     关闭数据库
     sqlplus "/as sysdba"
     shutdown