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nginx+keepalived主辅切换

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nginx+keepalived主辅切换
环境
Server 1  :  ubuntu-server 8.04.4          192.168.6.162
Server 2  :  userver-server 8.04.4          192.168.6.188

keepalived-1.1.17.tar.gz  这个版本在REDHAT5.1中可以运行，其他版本不行

软件
Keepalived 1.1.17
nginx-0.8.35
pcre-8.02
1.分别在两台服务器上安
#tar zxvfkeepalived-1.1.7.tar.gz
#cd keepalived-1.1.7
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
#make && make install

cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/  把启动文件放入
/etc/rc.d/init.d/ 下就可以service 程序名 stop/start/restart 
service httpd restart 由三部分组成service(服务)、httpd（程序名）、restart（相关命令）少一不可
service: 是系统已经定义可的。无需更改。默认会查找/etc/init.d/* httpd: 程序名这个是已经确定的。restart: 相关命令，如start 这个是控制程序走向。cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/mkdir /etc/keepalivedcp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
2.添加进服务
chkconfig --add keepalived 
3.设置服务自启动
chkconfig keepalived on
加入启动项

2.分别在两台服务器编写配置文件
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 
user    www www; 
worker_processes    1; 
error_log    logs/error.log    notice; 
pid                logs/nginx.pid; 
events { 
        worker_connections    1024; 
} 
http { 
        include             mime.types; 
        default_type    application/octet-stream; 
        sendfile                on; 
        tcp_nopush         on; 
        keepalive_timeout    65; 
        gzip    on; 
        server { 
                listen             80; 
                server_name    localhost; 
                index     index.html index.htm; 
                root        /var/www; 
                error_page     500 502 503 504    /50x.html; 
                location = /50x.html { 
                        root     html; 
                } 
        } 
} 
3.分别在两台机器创建测试文件
echo "192.168.6.162" > /var/www/index.html 
echo "192.168.6.188" > /var/www/index.html
4.安装 keepalived 
apt-get install keepalived
5.在server 1服务器编写配置文件
! Configuration File for keepalived


global_defs {
notification_email {
        wanghaikuo@hysec.com
        wanghaikuo@gmail.com
   }

   notification_email_from wanghaikuo@hysec.com
   smtp_server smtp.hysec.com
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id nginx_master

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 101
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
      192.168.190.130
    }
}
6.在 server 2 服务器 keepalived 配置
! Configuration File for keepalived


global_defs {
notification_email {
        wanghaikuo@hysec.com
        wanghaikuo@gmail.com
   }


   notification_email_from wanghaikuo@hysec.com
   smtp_server smtp.hysec.com
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id nginx_backup


}


vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface eth0
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 99
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass 1111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
     192.168.190.130
    }
}
7.编写监控nginx监控脚本
vim /opt/nginxpid.sh 
  1. #!/bin/bash 
  2. while  : 
  3. do 
  4.  nginxpid=`ps -C nginx --no-header | wc -l` 
  5.  if [ $nginxpid -eq 0 ];then 
  6.   /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 
  7.   sleep 5 
  8.   nginxpid=`ps -C nginx --no-header | wc -l` 
  9.   echo $nginxpid 
  10.     if [ $nginxpid -eq 0 ];then 
  11.  /etc/init.d/keepalived stop 
  12.    fi 
  13.  fi 
  14.  sleep 5 
  15. done 

命令如下所示：

  1. nohup sh /root/nginxpid.sh &  

此脚本我是直接从生产服务器上下载的，大家不要怀疑它会引起死循环和有效性的问题，我稍为解释一下，这是一个无限循环的脚本，放在主Nginx机器上（因为目前主要是由它提供服务），每隔5秒执行一次，用ps -C 命令来收集nginx的PID值到底是否为0，如果是0的话（即Nginx进程死掉了），尝试启动nginx进程；如果继续为0，即nginx启动失改， 则关闭本机的Keeplaived进程，VIP地址则会由备机接管，当然了，整个网站就会由备机的Nginx来提供服务



不要忘了设置脚本的执行权限，否则不起作用。

假设上述脚本放在/opt/chk_nginx.sh，则keepalived.conf中增加如下配置：

复制代码
vrrp_script chk_http_port {    script "/opt/chk_nginx.sh"    interval 2    weight 2}track_script {    chk_http_port}
复制代码

 

更进一步，为了避免启动keepalived之前没有启动nginx , 可以在/etc/init.d/keepalived的start中首先启动nginx:

复制代码
start() {    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx    sleep 3    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "    daemon keepalived ${KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS}    RETVAL=$?    echo    [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog}
复制代码


8、测试,分别在两个服务器 启动 nginx 和 keepalived
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx 
/etc/init.d/keepalived start
监控 server 1 的日志
Apr 20 18:37:39 nginx Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink command channel 
Apr 20 18:37:39 nginx Keepalived_vrrp: Registering gratutious ARP shared channel 
Apr 20 18:37:39 nginx Keepalived_vrrp: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'. 
Apr 20 18:37:39 nginx Keepalived_healthcheckers: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'. 
Apr 20 18:37:39 nginx Keepalived_healthcheckers: Configuration is using : 3401 Bytes 
Apr 20 18:37:39 nginx Keepalived_vrrp: Configuration is using : 35476 Bytes 
Apr 20 18:37:40 nginx Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE 
Apr 20 18:37:41 nginx Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE 
Apr 20 18:37:41 nginx Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink: skipping nl_cmd msg... 
Apr 20 18:37:41 nginx Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Script(chk_http_port) succeeded
监控 server 2的日志 
Apr2018:38:23 varnish Keepalived_healthcheckers: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'. 
Apr 20 18:38:23 varnish Keepalived_healthcheckers: Configuration is using : 3405 Bytes 
Apr 20 18:38:23 varnish Keepalived_vrrp: Using MII-BMSR NIC polling thread... 
Apr 20 18:38:23 varnish Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink reflector 
Apr 20 18:38:23 varnish Keepalived_vrrp: Registering Kernel netlink command channel 
Apr 20 18:38:23 varnish Keepalived_vrrp: Registering gratutious ARP shared channel 
Apr 20 18:38:23 varnish Keepalived_vrrp: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'. 
Apr 20 18:38:23 varnish Keepalived_vrrp: Configuration is using : 35486 Bytes 
Apr 20 18:38:23 varnish Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE 
Apr 20 18:38:25 varnish Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Script(chk_http_port) succeeded 
看日志可以看出，两台服务器的 MASTRE 和 BACUKUP 已经都正常了
现在我们在 server 1 把 nginx 服务器停到
Server 1 $> killall nginx
这时候看server 1的日志
Apr 20 18:41:26 nginx Keepalived_healthcheckers: Terminating Healthchecker child process on signal 
Apr 20 18:41:26 nginx Keepalived_vrrp: Terminating VRRP child process on signal 
可以看出keepalived 的进程已经停到
这时候看server 2的日志，看是否已经接管
Apr 20 18:41:23 varnish Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE 
Apr 20 18:41:24 varnish Keepalived_vrrp: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE 
Apr 20 18:41:24 varnish Keepalived_vrrp: Netlink: skipping nl_cmd msg... 
很明显的看出 server 2 已经接管了，已经变为 MASTER 了

参考：

vrrp_script chk_http_port { 
                script "/opt/nginx_pid.sh"         ###监控脚本 
                interval 2                             ###监控时间 
                weight 2                                ###目前搞不清楚 
} 
vrrp_instance VI_1 { 
        state MASTER                            ### 设置为 主 
        interface eth0                             ### 监控网卡    
        virtual_router_id 51                    ### 这个两台服务器必须一样 
        priority 101                                 ### 权重值 MASTRE 一定要高于 BAUCKUP 
        authentication { 
                     auth_type PASS             ### 加密 
                     auth_pass eric                ### 加密的密码，两台服务器一定要一样，不然会出错 
        } 
        track_script { 
                chk_http_port                     ### 执行监控的服务 
        } 
        virtual_ipaddress { 
             192.168.6.7                            ###    VIP 地址 
        } 
} 



Linux安装Nginx 自启动服务

cp  nginx /etc/init.d/chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginxchkconfig --add nginxchkconfig nginx oncd /root/

 

配置nginx：

 

复制代码
#!/bin/bash# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server## chkconfig: - 85 15# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.#              It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.# processname: nginx# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxnginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pidRETVAL=0prog="nginx"# Source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions# Source networking configuration.. /etc/sysconfig/network# Check that networking is up.[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0# Start nginx daemons functions.start() {if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then   echo "nginx already running...."   exit 1fi   echo -n $"Starting $prog: "   daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}   RETVAL=$?   echo   [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx   return $RETVAL}# Stop nginx daemons functions.stop() {        echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "        killproc $nginxd        RETVAL=$?        echo        [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid}# reload nginx service functions.reload() {    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "    #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`    killproc $nginxd -HUP    RETVAL=$?    echo}# See how we were called.case "$1" instart)        start        ;;stop)        stop        ;;reload)        reload        ;;restart)        stop        start        ;;status)        status $prog        RETVAL=$?        ;;*)        echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"        exit 1esacexit $RETVAL

Linux安装Nginx 自启动服务

cp  nginx /etc/init.d/chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginxchkconfig --add nginxchkconfig nginx oncd /root/

 

配置nginx：

 

复制代码
#!/bin/bash# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server## chkconfig: - 85 15# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.#              It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.# processname: nginx# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxnginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pidRETVAL=0prog="nginx"# Source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions# Source networking configuration.. /etc/sysconfig/network# Check that networking is up.[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0# Start nginx daemons functions.start() {if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then   echo "nginx already running...."   exit 1fi   echo -n $"Starting $prog: "   daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}   RETVAL=$?   echo   [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx   return $RETVAL}# Stop nginx daemons functions.stop() {        echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "        killproc $nginxd        RETVAL=$?        echo        [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid}# reload nginx service functions.reload() {    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "    #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`    killproc $nginxd -HUP    RETVAL=$?    echo}# See how we were called.case "$1" instart)        start        ;;stop)        stop        ;;reload)        reload        ;;restart)        stop        start        ;;status)        status $prog        RETVAL=$?        ;;*)        echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"        exit 1esacexit $RETVAL
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