初探Remoting双向通信(三)

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三、利用事件实现服务器向客户端通信

    按照之前的思路,这次利用Marshal得到的对象,去触发事件,而事件的订阅端为客户端。为了说明问题,我重新命名了一些函数和事件名,代码如下:

远程对象:

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;namespace Remoting{    public delegate void MyDelegate(string msg);    public class RemotingObject:MarshalByRefObject    {               public event MyDelegate SubscribeAtServer;//在客户端触发,在服务器订阅的事件        public event MyDelegate SubscribeAtClient;//在服务器触发,在客户端订阅的事件         //客户端触发事件          public void TriggerAtClient(string msg)        {            if (SubscribeAtServer != null)                SubscribeAtServer(msg);        }        //服务器触发事件        public void TriggerAtServer(string msg)        {            if (SubscribeAtClient != null)                SubscribeAtClient(msg);        }        //无限生命周期        public override object InitializeLifetimeService()        {            return null;        }    }}

服务器:

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Runtime.Remoting;using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;using Remoting;namespace Server{    public partial class ServerForm : Form    {        RemotingObject marshal_obj;        public ServerForm()        {            InitializeComponent();            StartServer();        }        //开启服务器        public void StartServer()        {            //注册信道            TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(8080);            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel,false);            //服务器获取远程对象            marshal_obj = new RemotingObject();            ObjRef objRef = RemotingServices.Marshal(marshal_obj, "url");            //服务器绑定客户端触发的事件            marshal_obj.SubscribeAtServer+=new MyDelegate(marshal_obj_SubscribeAtServer);               }        void marshal_obj_SubscribeAtServer(string msg)        {            //跨线程调用            textBox2.Invoke(new Action<string>(str => { textBox2.AppendText(str); }), msg);        }        private void 广播发送_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            marshal_obj.TriggerAtServer("服务器--" + this.ServerIP() + System.Environment.NewLine + textBox1.Text + System.Environment.NewLine);        }        //获取本地ip        public string ServerIP()        {            return System.Net.Dns.GetHostAddresses(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName())[0].ToString();        }    }}


客户端:

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Runtime.Remoting;using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;using Remoting;namespace Client{    public partial class ClientForm : Form    {        RemotingObject obj;        public ClientForm()        {            InitializeComponent();            StartClient();        }        private void 发送_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            obj.TriggerAtClient("客户端--" + this.ClientIP() + System.Environment.NewLine + textBox1.Text + System.Environment.NewLine);        }        //开启客户端        public void StartClient()        {            //注册信道            TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(0);            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel, false);            //获取代理            obj = (RemotingObject)Activator.GetObject(typeof(RemotingObject), "tcp://localhost:8080/url");            //订阅服务器事件            obj.SubscribeAtClient += new MyDelegate(obj_SubscribeAtClient);        }        void obj_SubscribeAtClient(string msg)        {            textBox1.Invoke(new Action<string>((str) => { textBox1.AppendText(str); }),msg);        }        //获取本地ip        public string ClientIP()        {            return System.Net.Dns.GetHostAddresses(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName())[0].ToString();        }    }}


这时我很忐忑的运行代码,结果表明我的担心不是多余的。在客户端报错如下,

 

 

    简单点说,这个错误的意思就是客户端获取的那个代理对象,用它来订阅服务器的事件是订阅不到的。

    想想似乎也对,之前客户端触发事件,服务器去订阅,服务器能订阅到,那是因为客户端那个对象本身就是服务器端创建的那个对象,只是让它跑到客户端那里去触发了一个方法而已,它调用的所有东西都是服务器的(还记得我之前在第一篇中的那个return 0的猫腻吧)。但是现在反过来就不对了,服务器端触发事件是远程对象里的事件,远程对象想要被客户端访问就必须被序列化,原因就在于事件是基于委托的,而.net的委托一般是不能被序列化的。那么如何序列化委托和事件呢?

    我查了资料,这就需要换一种方式注册信道,在注册信道的时候强制设置可序列化级别为"所有类型",这样就可以将事件序列化。

服务器端注册信道改为:

          //设置反序列化级别            BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider = new BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();            BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider = new  BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider();            serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel = TypeFilterLevel.Full;//支持所有类型的反序列化,级别很高            //信道端口            IDictionary idic = new Dictionary<string, int>();            idic["port"]=8080;            //注册信道            TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(idic,clientProvider,serverProvider);            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel,false);

客户端注册信道改为:

           //设置反序列化级别            BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider = new BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();            BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider = new BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider();            serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel = TypeFilterLevel.Full;//支持所有类型的反序列化,级别很高            //信道端口            IDictionary idic = new Dictionary<string, int>();            idic["port"] = 0;            //注册信道            TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(idic, clientProvider, serverProvider);            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel,false);

    注:客户端的端口号不能与服务器一致,否则将出现"通常每个套接字地址(协议/网络地址/端口)只允许使用一次"的异常,将其设置为0,则客户端自动选择可用的端口。

    这时候我再次运行上面的代码,满怀期待,可还是在客户端出又报错了,如下,

   
    又是这一句,没错,老是这里出错。不过这次比上次好多了,最起码报错不一样了,说明刚才那个问题解决了。现在仔细看看这次的错误提示,大概是说文件不存在于客户端,即找不到obj_SubscribeAtClient这个函数,无法订阅事件。

    我不得不静下来好好整理下思路了:客户端获取的这个对象,我一致都强调它其实是在服务器存活的,只是获取了服务器的代理,同一个引用。虽然它跨越了程序域,并且你可以调用它在服务器的方法,而在客户端去获取某个返回值。但是并不代表你可以改变它,比如你对这个远程对象中的事件进行+操作,不就是改变了它的内部结构么,它是在服务器端的,它怎么可能知道有一个obj_SubscribeAtClient函数需要绑定呢?这个函数在服务器根本就不存在。

    我又参考了许多资料,其中"虾皮"的博客很给力,找到了其中的关键技术。解决办法就是利用一个中间事件进行交换,有点难以理解奥。先代码把,在远程对象的程序集里再添加一个类,这个类就专门定义一个事件,这个事件和服务器端触发的事件一模一样,如下:

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;namespace Remoting{    public class Swap : MarshalByRefObject    {        public event MyDelegate SwapSubscribeAtClient;//在服务器触发,在客户端订阅的事件        //服务器触发事件        public void TriggerAtServerSwapEvent(string msg)        {            if (SwapSubscribeAtClient != null)                SwapSubscribeAtClient(msg);        }        //无限生命周期        public override object InitializeLifetimeService()        {            return null;        }    }}


   之前生成的远程对象的dll应该是RemotingObject.dll, 这时候也要换了,因为这时候dll里应该有两个类了,重新编译为Remoting.dll

   下面说一下如何交换:

   上面的Swap交换类同样继承了 MarshalByRefObject,说明它也可以跨程序域。如果客户订阅定事件的时候先订阅到Swap的对象上,然后Swap的事件才被客户端订阅,这样就利用一个交换机制实现了订阅。因为在订阅Swap的时候,服务器发现自己本地也有Swap,所以它可以找到,而这个Swap对象又恰恰是在客户端实例化的,所以Swap的对象也可以订阅客户端的事件。有点绕哈,看最新的代码吧,

远程对象:

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;namespace Remoting{    public delegate void MyDelegate(string msg);    public class RemotingObject:MarshalByRefObject    {                public event MyDelegate SubscribeAtServer;//在客户端触发,在服务器订阅的事件        public event MyDelegate SubscribeAtClient;//在服务器触发,在客户端订阅的事件        //服务器触发事件        public void TriggerAtClient(string msg)        {            if (SubscribeAtServer != null)                SubscribeAtServer(msg);        }        //客户端触发事件        public void TriggerAtServer(string msg)        {            if (SubscribeAtClient != null)                SubscribeAtClient(msg);        }        //无限生命周期        public override object InitializeLifetimeService()        {            return null;        }    }}


 

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;namespace Remoting{    public class Swap : MarshalByRefObject    {        public event MyDelegate SwapSubscribeAtClient;//在服务器触发,在客户端订阅的事件        //服务器触发事件        public void TriggerAtServerSwapEvent(string msg)        {            if (SwapSubscribeAtClient != null)                SwapSubscribeAtClient(msg);        }        //无限生命周期        public override object InitializeLifetimeService()        {            return null;        }    }}


服务器:

 

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Runtime.Remoting;using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;using Remoting;using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters;using System.Collections;namespace Server{    public partial class ServerForm : Form    {        RemotingObject marshal_obj;        public ServerForm()        {            InitializeComponent();            StartServer();        }        //开启服务器        public void StartServer()        {                       //设置反序列化级别            BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider = new BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();            BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider = new  BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider();            serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel = TypeFilterLevel.Full;//支持所有类型的反序列化,级别很高            //信道端口            IDictionary idic = new Dictionary<string, int>();            idic["port"]=8080;            //注册信道            TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(idic,clientProvider,serverProvider);            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel,false);            //服务器获取远程对象            marshal_obj = new RemotingObject();            ObjRef objRef = RemotingServices.Marshal(marshal_obj, "url");            //服务器绑定客户端触发的事件            marshal_obj.SubscribeAtServer += new MyDelegate(marshal_obj_SubscribeAtServer);                  }        void marshal_obj_SubscribeAtServer(string msg)        {            //跨线程调用            textBox2.Invoke(new Action<string>(str => { textBox2.AppendText(str); }), msg);        }        private void 广播发送_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            marshal_obj.TriggerAtServer("服务器--" + this.ServerIP() + System.Environment.NewLine + textBox1.Text + System.Environment.NewLine);        }        //获取本地ip        public string ServerIP()        {            return System.Net.Dns.GetHostAddresses(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName())[0].ToString();        }    }}


客户端:

 

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Runtime.Remoting;using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels;using System.Runtime.Remoting.Channels.Tcp;using Remoting;using System.Collections;using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters;namespace Client{    public partial class ClientForm : Form    {        RemotingObject obj;        public ClientForm()        {            InitializeComponent();            StartClient();        }        private void 发送_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)        {            obj.TriggerAtClient("客户端--" + this.ClientIP() + System.Environment.NewLine + textBox1.Text + System.Environment.NewLine);        }        //开启客户端        public void StartClient()        {            //设置反序列化级别            BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider serverProvider = new BinaryServerFormatterSinkProvider();            BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider clientProvider = new BinaryClientFormatterSinkProvider();            serverProvider.TypeFilterLevel = TypeFilterLevel.Full;//支持所有类型的反序列化,级别很高            //信道端口            IDictionary idic = new Dictionary<string, int>();            idic["port"] = 0;            //注册信道            TcpChannel tcpchannel = new TcpChannel(idic, clientProvider, serverProvider);            ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(tcpchannel,false);            //获取代理            obj = (RemotingObject)Activator.GetObject(typeof(RemotingObject), "tcp://localhost:8080/url");            //订阅服务器事件            Swap swap = new Swap();            obj.SubscribeAtClient += new MyDelegate(swap.TriggerAtServerSwapEvent);            swap.SwapSubscribeAtClient += new MyDelegate(obj_SubscribeAtClient);        }        void obj_SubscribeAtClient(string msg)        {            textBox1.Invoke(new Action<string>((str) => { textBox2.AppendText(str); }),msg);        }        //获取本地ip        public string ClientIP()        {            return System.Net.Dns.GetHostAddresses(System.Net.Dns.GetHostName())[0].ToString();        }    }}


运行结果自然成功了,如下

 

    这几乎可以让我以此为基础,对我的项目进行改写了,可是问题还是有的,下篇继续。

 (注:上面的Demo在此处下载http://download.csdn.net/detail/kkkkkxiaofei/5648577

 

 

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