【Linux技术】linux之多线程同步互斥技术

１.同步机制

   线程同步机制主要有：互斥量／信号量／条件变量／读写锁等。

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２.技术示例

   创建２个计数线程Ａ和Ｂ，每次计数加１，当为偶数时，Ａ线程计数；当为奇数时，Ｂ线程计数。

   源码：

//thread_mutex_cond.c#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <pthread.h>#define MAX_COUNT9pthread_mutex_t mutex;pthread_cond_t cond;int count=0;void AddCount_Odd_Func(void);void AddCount_Even_Func(void);int main(){    int ret;    pthread_t odd_thread,even_thread;    pthread_attr_t thread_attr;    count = 0;    pthread_mutex_init(&mutex,NULL);    pthread_cond_init(&cond,NULL);    ret = pthread_attr_init(&thread_attr);    if (ret != 0)    {        perror("Attribute Creation Failed");        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);    }    pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&thread_attr,PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);                                                         ret=pthread_create(&odd_thread,&thread_attr,(void *)&AddCount_Odd_Func,NULL);    if(ret != 0)    {        perror("Thread Creation Failed");        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);    }    ret = pthread_create(&even_thread,&thread_attr,(void *)&AddCount_Even_Func, NULL);    if (ret != 0)    {        perror("Thread Creation Failed");        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);    }    while(count<MAX_COUNT);     printf("Finished!\n");    pthread_cond_destroy(&cond);    pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);    return 0;}void AddCount_Odd_Func(void){    pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);    while(count<MAX_COUNT)    {        if(count%2==1)        {            count++;            printf("AddCount_Odd_Func():count=%d.\n",count);            pthread_cond_signal(&cond);        }        else            pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);    }    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);}void AddCount_Even_Func(void){    pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);    while(count<MAX_COUNT)    {        if(count%2==0)        {            count++;            printf("AddCount_Even_Func():count=%d.\n",count);            pthread_cond_signal(&cond);        }        else            pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);    }    pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);}

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３.mystery注解

   １）示例中，创建了互斥量mutex与条件量cond。mutex用于互斥操作，cond用于在相关条件成立时进行操作

   ２）pthread_attr_setdetachstate()函数设置线程为分离状态
   ３）pthread_cond_wait()使线程阻塞
   ４）pthread_cond_broadcast()函数用来唤醒所有被阻塞在条件变量cond上的线程。
       要注意，被唤醒后的这些线程将再次竞争相应的互斥量
   ５）pthread_cond_init()函数创建条件变量

   ６）pthread_cond_signal()函数用来释放被阻塞在条件变量cond上的线程

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