URL特殊字符转义

URL中一些字符的特殊含义，基本编码规则如下：

1、空格换成加号(+)
2、正斜杠(/)分隔目录和子目录
3、问号(?)分隔URL和查询
4、百分号(%)制定特殊字符
5、#号指定书签
6、&号分隔参数

如果需要在URL中用到，需要将这些特殊字符换成相应的十六进制的值
字符                                    URL编码值
            空格                                        %20
              "                                          %22
              #                                          %23
             %                                         %25
             &                                          %26
              (                                          %28
             )                                           %29
            +                              %2B
             ,                                           %2C
             /                                           %2F
             :                                           %3A
             ;                                           %3B
            <                                           %3C
            =                                           %3D
            >                                           %3E
             ?                                           %3F
            @                                           %4o
             \                                           %5C
             |                                           %7C