Android 网络编程——HTTP请求的封装

目录(?)

前面的文章中，我们曾经实现了一个HTTP的GET 和 POST 请求；

此处我封装了一个HTTP的get和post的辅助类，能够更好的使用；

类名：HttpRequestUtil

提供了如下功能：

(1)模拟GET请求；

(2)模拟POST请求；

(3)模拟文件上传请求；

(4)发送XML数据；

发送GET请求

(1)public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)

参数：

(1)url：单纯的URL，不带任何参数；

(2)params：参数；

(3)headers：需要设置的HTTP请求头；

返回：

HttpURLConnection

发送POST请求

(2)public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)

参数：

(1)url：单纯的URL，不带任何参数；

(2)params：参数；

(3)headers：需要设置的HTTP请求头；

返回：

HttpURLConnection

文件上传

(3)public static boolean uploadFiles(String url, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files)

参数：

(1)url：单纯URL

(2)params：参数；

(3)files：多个文件

返回：是否上传成功

(4)public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file)

参数：

(1)url：单纯URL

(2)params：参数；

(3)file：一个文件

返回：是否上传成功

发送XML数据

(5)public static byte[] postXml(String url, String xml, String encoding)

参数：

(1)url：单纯URL

(2)xml：XML数据

(3)XML数据编码

对于上传文件，FormFile的构造函数声明如下：

(1)public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType)

参数：

(1)filname：文件的名称

(2)data：文件的数据

(3)parameterName：HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字

(4)contentType：文件类型，比如text/plain为txt

(2)public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType)

参数：

(1)filname：文件的名称

(2)file：文件名

(3)parameterName：HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字

(4)contentType：文件类型，比如text/plain为txt

FormFile.java

前面的文章中，我们曾经实现了一个HTTP的GET 和 POST 请求；此处我封装了一个HTTP的get和post的辅助类，能够更好的使用；类名：HttpRequestUtil提供了如下功能：(1)模拟GET请求；(2)模拟POST请求；(3)模拟文件上传请求；(4)发送XML数据；发送GET请求(1)public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)参数：(1)url：单纯的URL，不带任何参数；(2)params：参数；(3)headers：需要设置的HTTP请求头；返回：HttpURLConnection发送POST请求(2)public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)参数：(1)url：单纯的URL，不带任何参数；(2)params：参数；(3)headers：需要设置的HTTP请求头；返回：HttpURLConnection文件上传(3)public static boolean uploadFiles(String url, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files)参数：(1)url：单纯URL(2)params：参数；(3)files：多个文件返回：是否上传成功(4)public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file)参数：(1)url：单纯URL(2)params：参数；(3)file：一个文件返回：是否上传成功发送XML数据(5)public static byte[] postXml(String url, String xml, String encoding)参数：(1)url：单纯URL(2)xml：XML数据(3)XML数据编码对于上传文件，FormFile的构造函数声明如下：(1)public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType)参数：(1)filname：文件的名称(2)data：文件的数据(3)parameterName：HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字(4)contentType：文件类型，比如text/plain为txt(2)public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType)参数：(1)filname：文件的名称(2)file：文件名(3)parameterName：HTML的文件上传控件的参数的名字(4)contentType：文件类型，比如text/plain为txtFormFile.java

HttpRequestUtil.java

package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;  import java.io.BufferedReader;  import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;  import java.io.File;  import java.io.FileInputStream;  import java.io.FileNotFoundException;  import java.io.InputStream;  import java.io.InputStreamReader;  import java.io.OutputStream;  import java.net.HttpURLConnection;  import java.net.InetAddress;  import java.net.Socket;  import java.net.URL;  import java.net.URLConnection;  import java.net.URLEncoder;  import java.util.HashMap;  import java.util.Map;  import java.util.Map.Entry;  import java.util.Set;    /*  * 此类用来发送HTTP请求  * */  public class HttpRequestUtil {      /**      * 发送GET请求      * @param url      * @param params      * @param headers      * @return      * @throws Exception      */      public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url,              Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)              throws Exception {          StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(url);          Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null;          // 如果是GET请求，则请求参数在URL中          if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {              buf.append("?");              entrys = params.entrySet();              for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {                  buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")                          .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"))                          .append("&");              }              buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1);          }          URL url1 = new URL(buf.toString());          HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();          conn.setRequestMethod("GET");          // 设置请求头          if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {              entrys = headers.entrySet();              for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {                  conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());              }          }          conn.getResponseCode();          return conn;      }      /**      * 发送POST请求      * @param url         * @param params      * @param headers      * @return       * @throws Exception      */      public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url,              Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)              throws Exception {          StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();          Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null;          // 如果存在参数，则放在HTTP请求体，形如name=aaa&age=10          if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {              entrys = params.entrySet();              for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {                  buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")                          .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"))                          .append("&");              }              buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1);          }          URL url1 = new URL(url);          HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();          conn.setRequestMethod("POST");          conn.setDoOutput(true);          OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();          out.write(buf.toString().getBytes("UTF-8"));          if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {              entrys = headers.entrySet();              for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {                  conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());              }          }          conn.getResponseCode(); // 为了发送成功          return conn;      }      /**      * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能:      *   <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">             <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">             <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">             <input type="file" name="imagefile"/>             <input type="file" name="zip"/>          </FORM>      * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)      * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值      * @param file 上传文件      */      public static boolean uploadFiles(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{               final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据分隔线          final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";//数据结束标志                    int fileDataLength = 0;          if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){              for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度                  StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();                  fileExplain.append("--");                  fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);                  fileExplain.append("\r\n");                  fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");                  fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");                  fileExplain.append("\r\n");                  fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();                  if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){                      fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();                  }else{                      fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;                  }              }          }          StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();          if(params!=null&&!params.isEmpty()){              for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据                  textEntity.append("--");                  textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);                  textEntity.append("\r\n");                  textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");                  textEntity.append(entry.getValue());                  textEntity.append("\r\n");              }          }          //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度          int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength +  endline.getBytes().length;                    URL url = new URL(path);          int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();          Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);                  OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();          //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送          String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n";          outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());          String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";          outStream.write(accept.getBytes());          String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n";          outStream.write(language.getBytes());          String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "\r\n";          outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());          String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "\r\n";          outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());          String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n";          outStream.write(alive.getBytes());          String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n";          outStream.write(host.getBytes());          //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行          outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());          //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来          outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());                   //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来          if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){              for(FormFile uploadFile : files){                  StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();                  fileEntity.append("--");                  fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);                  fileEntity.append("\r\n");                  fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");                  fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");                  outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());                  if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){                      byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];                      int len = 0;                      while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){                          outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);                      }                      uploadFile.getInStream().close();                  }else{                      outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);                  }                  outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());              }          }          //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束          outStream.write(endline.getBytes());          BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));          if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败              return false;          }          outStream.flush();          outStream.close();          reader.close();          socket.close();          return true;      }      /**       * 提交数据到服务器       * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试)       * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值       * @param file 上传文件       */      public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{         return uploadFiles(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});      }      /**      * 将输入流转为字节数组      * @param inStream      * @return      * @throws Exception      */      public static byte[] read2Byte(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{          ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();          byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];          int len = 0;          while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){              outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);          }          outSteam.close();          inStream.close();          return outSteam.toByteArray();      }      /**      * 将输入流转为字符串      * @param inStream      * @return      * @throws Exception      */      public static String read2String(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{          ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();          byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];          int len = 0;          while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){              outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);          }          outSteam.close();          inStream.close();          return new String(outSteam.toByteArray(),"UTF-8");      }      /**      * 发送xml数据      * @param path 请求地址      * @param xml xml数据      * @param encoding 编码      * @return      * @throws Exception      */      public static byte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding) throws Exception{          byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding);          URL url = new URL(path);          HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();          conn.setRequestMethod("POST");          conn.setDoOutput(true);          conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding);          conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));          conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);          OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();          outStream.write(data);          outStream.flush();          outStream.close();          if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){              return read2Byte(conn.getInputStream());          }          return null;      }      //测试函数      public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {          Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();          params.put("name", "xiazdong");          params.put("age", "10");          HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil                  .sendGetRequest(                          "http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet",                          params, null);          int code = conn.getResponseCode();          InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();          byte[]data = read2Byte(in);      }  }  

测试代码：

Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<String,String>();  params.put("name", name.getText().toString());  params.put("age", age.getText().toString());  HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil.sendGetRequest("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet", params, null);  

文件上传测试代码：

FormFile formFile = new FormFile(file.getName(), file, "document", "text/plain");  boolean isSuccess = HttpRequestUtil.uploadFile("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/FileServlet", null, formFile);