poj1305毕达哥拉斯不定方程
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Fermat vs. Pythagoras
Time Limit: 2000MS Memory Limit: 10000KTotal Submissions: 1140 Accepted: 662
Description
Computer generated and assisted proofs and verification occupy a small niche in the realm of Computer Science. The first proof of the four-color problem was completed with the assistance of a computer program and current efforts in verification have succeeded in verifying the translation of high-level code down to the chip level.
This problem deals with computing quantities relating to part of Fermat's Last Theorem: that there are no integer solutions of a^n + b^n = c^n for n > 2.
Given a positive integer N, you are to write a program that computes two quantities regarding the solution of x^2 + y^2 = z^2, where x, y, and z are constrained to be positive integers less than or equal to N. You are to compute the number of triples (x,y,z) such that x < y < z, and they are relatively prime, i.e., have no common divisor larger than 1. You are also to compute the number of values 0 < p <= N such that p is not part of any triple (not just relatively prime triples).
This problem deals with computing quantities relating to part of Fermat's Last Theorem: that there are no integer solutions of a^n + b^n = c^n for n > 2.
Given a positive integer N, you are to write a program that computes two quantities regarding the solution of x^2 + y^2 = z^2, where x, y, and z are constrained to be positive integers less than or equal to N. You are to compute the number of triples (x,y,z) such that x < y < z, and they are relatively prime, i.e., have no common divisor larger than 1. You are also to compute the number of values 0 < p <= N such that p is not part of any triple (not just relatively prime triples).
Input
The input consists of a sequence of positive integers, one per line. Each integer in the input file will be less than or equal to 1,000,000. Input is terminated by end-of-file
Output
For each integer N in the input file print two integers separated by a space. The first integer is the number of relatively prime triples (such that each component of the triple is <=N). The second number is the number of positive integers <=N that are not part of any triple whose components are all <=N. There should be one output line for each input line.
Sample Input
1025100
Sample Output
1 44 916 27毕达哥拉斯三元组(本原)满足x=m*m-n*n;y=2*m*n;z=m*m+n*n;其中 m>n,m为奇数,n为偶数或者m为偶数,n为奇数;那么要求所给范围内的本原毕达哥拉斯三元组数,只需对m,n分别枚举即可,然后将三元组乘以i(保证i*z在所给范围内),就可以求出所有的毕达哥拉斯三元组(教材112,数论)#include <iostream>#include <cstdio>#include <cstring>#include <algorithm>#include <cmath>using namespace std;const int maxn=1000001;bool flag[maxn];int gcd(int a,int b){ if(!b) return a; else return gcd(b,a%b);}void solve(int t){ int x,y,z,n,m,ans1,ans2,i,temp; ans1=ans2=0; memset(flag,0,sizeof(flag)); temp=sqrt(t+0.0); for(n=1;n<=temp;n++) { for(m=n+1;m<=temp;m++) { if(m*m+n*n>t) break; if(n%2!=m%2) { if(gcd(m,n)==1) { x=m*m-n*n; y=2*m*n; z=m*m+n*n; ans1++; for(i=1;;i++) { if(i*z>t) break; flag[i*x]=true; flag[i*y]=true; flag[i*z]=true; } } } } } for(i=1;i<=t;i++) { if(!flag[i]) ans2++; } printf("%d %d\n",ans1,ans2);}int main(){ int n; while(scanf("%d",&n)!=EOF) { solve(n); } return 0;}
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