oracle 使用命令创建oracle数据库

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1 、确定数据库的sid 和db_name
sid='hsj'
db_name='hsj'
2、设置环境变量env
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle
ORACLE_SID=hsj
PATH=$ORACLE_HOEM/bin:$PATH;
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH

3、设置登录方法，使用操作系统登录还是远程登录
   使用本地操作系统用户，具有dba权限的oracle用户
    sqlplus /nolog
    conn as sysdba;
4、创建一个使用的pfile文件
    vi inithsj.ora

hsj.__db_cache_size=385875968
hsj.__java_pool_size=4194304
hsj.__large_pool_size=4194304
hsj.__shared_pool_size=163577856
hsj.__streams_pool_size=0
audit_file_dest='/u01/app/admin/hsj/adump'
background_dump_dest='/u01/app/admin/hsj/bdump'
compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
control_files='/u01/app/oradata/hsj/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oradata/hsj/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oradata/hsj/control03.ctl'
core_dump_dest='/u01/app/admin/hsj/cdump'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
db_name='hsj'
db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/flash_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=hsjXDB)'
job_queue_processes=10
log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
open_cursors=300
pga_aggregate_target=187695104
processes=150
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
sga_target=563085312
undo_management='AUTO'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
user_dump_dest='/u01/app/admin/hsj/udump'

5、根据pfile文件创建想对应的目录
    需要在$ORACLE_BASE/admin 下创建一个目录 hsj及其相关的子目录
   $ORACLE_BASE/oradate 下面增加一个目录 hsj 及其子目录 archivelog
6、根据pfile文件创建spfile
      startup nomount;
      create spfile from pfile;
      shutdown immediate;
7、在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/ 下创建 orapwhsj
      orapwd file=orapwhsj password=root entries=5
8、使用spfile启动数据库到nomount状态
      startup up nomount
9、使用脚本创建数据库
spool db.log;
      CREATE DATABASE "hsj"
           USER SYS IDENTIFIED BY root
           USER SYSTEM IDENTIFIED BY root
           MAXDATAFILES 500
           MAXINSTANCES 8
           MAXLOGFILES 32
           CHARACTER SET "UTF8"
           NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
           ARCHIVELOG
           DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/hsj/system01.dbf' size 300M
           EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
           SYSAUX DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/hsj/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
           DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oradata/hsj/tempts01.dbf' SIZE 100M
           EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
           UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS1"
           DATAFILE '/u01/app/oradata/hsj/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M
           LOGFILE
          GROUP 1 (
          '/u01/app/oradata/hsj/redo01a.rdo',
          '/u01/app/oradata/hsj/redo01b.rdo'
          ) SIZE 100M,
          GROUP 2 (
          '/u01/app/oradata/hsj/redo02a.rdo',
          '/u01/app/oradata/hsj/redo02b.rdo'
          ) SIZE 100M,
          GROUP 3 (
          '/u01/app/oradata/hsj/redo03a.rdo',
          '/u01/app/oradata/hsj/redo03b.rdo'
          ) SIZE 100M
;

spool off;

10 运行脚本创建数据字典
    @ORACLE_HOME/admin/catalog.sql(@/u01/app/oracle/admin/catalog.sql)
    @ORACLE_HOME/admin/catproc.sql(@/u01/app/oracle/admin/catproc.sql)
11 启动数据库
    startup
12 备份数据库
   backup database