一 利用剪贴板进行进程间通信
void CClipboardDlg::OnBtnSend()
{
// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
if(OpenClipboard()) //打开剪贴板
{
EmptyClipboard(); //释放剪贴板中数据的句柄并分配剪贴板所有权给当前窗口
CString str;
HANDLE hClip;
char *pBuf;
GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_SEND,str);
hClip=GlobalAlloc(GMEM_MOVEABLE,str.GetLength()+1); //从堆中分配指定字节的内存
pBuf=(char*)GlobalLock(hClip); //对全局内存对象加锁，并将句柄转换为指针
strcpy(pBuf,str);
GlobalUnlock(hClip); //解锁
SetClipboardData(CF_TEXT,hClip); //以指定的格式在剪贴板上放置数据
CloseClipboard(); //关闭剪贴板
}
}
void CClipboardDlg::OnBtnRecv()
{
// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
if(OpenClipboard())
{
if(IsClipboardFormatAvailable(CF_TEXT)) //检测剪贴板是否包含指定格式的数据
{
HANDLE hClip;
hClip=GetClipboardData(CF_TEXT); //从剪贴板中获取指定格式的数据
char *pBuf;
pBuf=(char*)GlobalLock(hClip); //将句柄转换为地址
GlobalUnlock(hClip);
SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_RECV,pBuf);
CloseClipboard();
}
}
}
二 利用匿名管道进行进程间通信(匿名管道只能在父子进程间通信)
父进程
void CParentView::OnPipeCreate()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa;
sa.bInheritHandle=TRUE;
sa.lpSecurityDescriptor=NULL;
sa.nLength=sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
if(!CreatePipe(&hRead,&hWrite,&sa,0)) //创建一个匿名管道并返回管道的读写句柄
{
MessageBox("创建匿名管道失败！");
return;
}
STARTUPINFO sui;
ZeroMemory(&sui,sizeof(STARTUPINFO));
sui.cb=sizeof(STARTUPINFO);
sui.dwFlags=STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
sui.hStdInput=hRead;
sui.hStdOutput=hWrite;
sui.hStdError=GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE);
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
if(!CreateProcess("..\\Child\\Debug\\Child.exe",NULL,NULL,NULL,
TRUE,0,NULL,NULL,&sui,&pi))
{
CloseHandle(hRead);
CloseHandle(hWrite);
hRead=NULL;
hWrite=NULL;
MessageBox("创建子进程失败！");
return;
}
else
{
CloseHandle(pi.hProcess);
CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
}
}
void CParentView::OnPipeRead()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
char buf[100];
DWORD dwRead;
if(!ReadFile(hRead,buf,100,&dwRead,NULL))
{
MessageBox("读取数据失败！");
return;
}
MessageBox(buf);
}
void CParentView::OnPipeWrite()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
char buf[]="武汉科技大学黄家湖校区";
DWORD dwWrite;
if(!WriteFile(hWrite,buf,strlen(buf)+1,&dwWrite,NULL))
{
MessageBox("写入数据失败！");
return;
}
}
子进程
void CChildView::OnInitialUpdate()
{
CView::OnInitialUpdate();
// TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base class
hRead=GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE);
hWrite=GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
}
void CChildView::OnPipeRead()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
char buf[100];
DWORD dwRead;
if(!ReadFile(hRead,buf,100,&dwRead,NULL))
{
MessageBox("读取数据失败！");
return;
}
MessageBox(buf);
}
void CChildView::OnPipeWrite()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
char buf[]="匿名管道测试程序";
DWORD dwWrite;
if(!WriteFile(hWrite,buf,strlen(buf)+1,&dwWrite,NULL))
{
MessageBox("写入数据失败！");
return;
}
}
三 利用命名管道进行进程间通信
服务端进程
void CNamedPipeSrvView::OnPipeCreate()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
hPipe=CreateNamedPipe("\\\\.\\pipe\\MyPipe",
PIPE_ACCESS_DUPLEX | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,
0,1,1024,1024,0,NULL); //创建命名管道的实例并返回句柄
if(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE==hPipe)
{
MessageBox("创建命名管道失败！");
hPipe=NULL;
return;
}
HANDLE hEvent;
hEvent=CreateEvent(NULL,TRUE,FALSE,NULL);
if(!hEvent)
{
MessageBox("创建事件对象失败！");
CloseHandle(hPipe);
hPipe=NULL;
return;
}
OVERLAPPED ovlap;
ZeroMemory(&ovlap,sizeof(OVERLAPPED));
ovlap.hEvent=hEvent;
if(!ConnectNamedPipe(hPipe,&ovlap)) //命名管道服务端进程等待客户端连接请求的到来(客户端进程连接到命名管道的实例)
{
if(ERROR_IO_PENDING!=GetLastError())
{
MessageBox("等待客户端连接失败！");
CloseHandle(hPipe);
CloseHandle(hEvent);
hPipe=NULL;
return;
}
}
if(WAIT_FAILED==WaitForSingleObject(hEvent,INFINITE)) //等待事件对象变为有信号状态
{
MessageBox("等待对象失败！");
CloseHandle(hPipe);
CloseHandle(hEvent);
hPipe=NULL;
return;
}
CloseHandle(hEvent);
}
void CNamedPipeSrvView::OnPipeRead()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
char buf[100];
DWORD dwRead;
if(!ReadFile(hPipe,buf,100,&dwRead,NULL))
{
MessageBox("读取数据失败！");
return;
}
MessageBox(buf);
}
void CNamedPipeSrvView::OnPipeWrite()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
char buf[]="武汉科技大学黄家湖校区";
DWORD dwWrite;
if(!WriteFile(hPipe,buf,strlen(buf)+1,&dwWrite,NULL))
{
MessageBox("写入数据失败！");
return;
}
}
客户端进程
void CNamedPipeCltView::OnPipeConnect()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
if(!WaitNamedPipe("\\\\.\\pipe\\MyPipe",NMPWAIT_WAIT_FOREVER)) //等待命名管道的实例可用
{
MessageBox("当前没有可利用的命名管道实例！");
return;
}
hPipe=CreateFile("\\\\.\\pipe\\MyPipe",GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
0,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,NULL); //打开命名管道
if(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE==hPipe)
{
MessageBox("打开命名管道失败！");
hPipe=NULL;
return;
}
}
void CNamedPipeCltView::OnPipeRead()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
char buf[100];
DWORD dwRead;
if(!ReadFile(hPipe,buf,100,&dwRead,NULL))
{
MessageBox("读取数据失败！");
return;
}
MessageBox(buf);
}
void CNamedPipeCltView::OnPipeWrite()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
char buf[]="命名管道测试程序";
DWORD dwWrite;
if(!WriteFile(hPipe,buf,strlen(buf)+1,&dwWrite,NULL))
{
MessageBox("写入数据失败！");
return;
}
}
四 利用邮槽进行进程间通信
服务端进程
void CMailslotSrvView::OnMailslotRecv()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
HANDLE hMailslot;
hMailslot=CreateMailslot("\\\\.\\mailslot\\MyMailslot",0,
MAILSLOT_WAIT_FOREVER,NULL); //创建邮槽
if(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE==hMailslot)
{
MessageBox("创建邮槽失败！");
return;
}
char buf[100];
DWORD dwRead;
if(!ReadFile(hMailslot,buf,100,&dwRead,NULL)) //邮槽的服务端只能接收数据
{
MessageBox("读取数据失败！");
CloseHandle(hMailslot);
return;
}
MessageBox(buf);
CloseHandle(hMailslot);
}
客户端进程
void CMailslotCltView::OnMailslotSend()
{
// TODO: Add your command handler code here
HANDLE hMailslot;
hMailslot=CreateFile("\\\\.\\mailslot\\MyMailslot",GENERIC_WRITE,
FILE_SHARE_READ,NULL,OPEN_EXISTING,FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,NULL); //打开邮槽
if(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE==hMailslot)
{
MessageBox("打开邮槽失败！");
return;
}
char buf[]="邮槽测试程序";
DWORD dwWrite;
if(!WriteFile(hMailslot,buf,strlen(buf)+1,&dwWrite,NULL)) //邮槽的客户端只能发送数据
{
MessageBox("写入数据失败！");
CloseHandle(hMailslot);
return;
}
CloseHandle(hMailslot);
}
跨网络的进程间通信可用：命名管道和邮槽（邮槽可实现一对多通信）
邮槽发送的数据量较小（424字节），发送大量数据可采用管道来完成
