MFC实现原理

来源:互联网 发布:natapp 8080端口 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/04/28 08:42

通过VC++ 新建一个MFC单文档应用程序,其工程名为mfcproject.新建后通过类视图可以看到一共有5个类:

CAboutDlg:对话框类,如关于对话框

CMainFrame:应用程序框架类,包括工具栏菜单等

CMfcprojectApp:应用程序类


CMfcprojectDoc:文档类


CMfcprojectView:也是和文档有关的视图类

1、mfcproject.cpp文件中定义了全局类 CMfcprojectApp theApp;在这个地方设置断点,调试运行可以发现整个程序首先执行到这个地方。

2、全局变量定义后将会调用CMfcprojectApp 类的构造函数

3、从mfcproject.h中可以发现 CMfcprojectApp继承自CWinApp类(在APPCORE.cpp中),根据继承性原理,程序将会首先调用CWinApp类的构造函数,如果细心地话会发现CWinApp的构造函数有参数,但CMfcprojectApp类构造函数并没有带参数,这是怎么回事呢?再仔细看下CWinApp类的构造函数:CWinApp(LPCTSTR lpszAppName = NULL); 看见了没这里的参数是默认值,这也就是为什么CMfcprojectApp构造函数没有带参数的缘故了

4、定义好全局变量以后,就要找主函数入口了,MFC程序的主函数入口为

 

extern "C" int WINAPI_tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,    LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow){    // call shared/exported WinMain    return AfxWinMain(hInstance, hPrevInstance, lpCmdLine, nCmdShow);}


 

 该函数在APPMODUL.cpp中,从这个函数可以看出真正的入口函数应该为AfxWinMain(Winmain.cpp中)


 

 int AFXAPI AfxWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,     LPTSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) {     ASSERT(hPrevInstance == NULL);      int nReturnCode = -1;     CWinThread* pThread = AfxGetThread();     CWinApp* pApp = AfxGetApp(); //获取子类      // AFX internal initialization     if (!AfxWinInit(hInstance, hPrevInstance, lpCmdLine, nCmdShow))         goto InitFailure;      // App global initializations (rare)     if (pApp != NULL && !pApp->InitApplication())         goto InitFailure;      // Perform specific initializations     if (!pThread->InitInstance()) //初始化注册窗口     {         if (pThread->m_pMainWnd != NULL)         {             TRACE0("Warning: Destroying non-NULL m_pMainWnd\n");             pThread->m_pMainWnd->DestroyWindow();         }         nReturnCode = pThread->ExitInstance();         goto InitFailure;     }     nReturnCode = pThread->Run();   InitFailure: #ifdef _DEBUG     // Check for missing AfxLockTempMap calls     if (AfxGetModuleThreadState()->m_nTempMapLock != 0)     {         TRACE1("Warning: Temp map lock count non-zero (%ld).\n",             AfxGetModuleThreadState()->m_nTempMapLock);     }     AfxLockTempMaps();     AfxUnlockTempMaps(-1); #endif      AfxWinTerm();     return nReturnCode; }


 

 关键的语句是line8获取子类实例,line19初始化子类,完成窗口注册,line20可以在这些行上设置断点

5、 由于pThred当前指向子类,InitInstance函数是虚函数,因此 pThread->InitInstance()将调用子类的CMfcprojectApp::InitInstance()


 

BOOL CMfcprojectApp::InitInstance(){    AfxEnableControlContainer();    // Standard initialization    // If you are not using these features and wish to reduce the size    //  of your final executable, you should remove from the following    //  the specific initialization routines you do not need.#ifdef _AFXDLL    Enable3dControls();            // Call this when using MFC in a shared DLL#else    Enable3dControlsStatic();    // Call this when linking to MFC statically#endif    // Change the registry key under which our settings are stored.    // TODO: You should modify this string to be something appropriate    // such as the name of your company or organization.    SetRegistryKey(_T("Local AppWizard-Generated Applications"));    LoadStdProfileSettings();  // Load standard INI file options (including MRU)    // Register the application's document templates.  Document templates    //  serve as the connection between documents, frame windows and views.    CSingleDocTemplate* pDocTemplate;    pDocTemplate = new CSingleDocTemplate(        IDR_MAINFRAME,        RUNTIME_CLASS(CMfcprojectDoc),        RUNTIME_CLASS(CMainFrame),       // main SDI frame window        RUNTIME_CLASS(CMfcprojectView));    AddDocTemplate(pDocTemplate);//新建一个单文档的模板,并将 doc,view,frame类添加到该模板中。    // Parse command line for standard shell commands, DDE, file open    CCommandLineInfo cmdInfo;    ParseCommandLine(cmdInfo);    // Dispatch commands specified on the command line    if (!ProcessShellCommand(cmdInfo))//窗口的注册(不太确定)        return FALSE;    // The one and only window has been initialized, so show and update it.    m_pMainWnd->ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);//显示窗口    m_pMainWnd->UpdateWindow();//更新窗口     return TRUE;}


 上述代码中红色部分是比较重要的地方,可以在这些地方设置断点。

 6、窗口注册会调用函数BOOL AFXAPI AfxEndDeferRegisterClass(LONG fToRegister)在文件WINCORE.CPP中

 7、紧接着调用BOOL CMainFrame::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs),创建窗口


 

BOOL CMainFrame::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs){    if( !CFrameWnd::PreCreateWindow(cs) )        return FALSE;    // TODO: Modify the Window class or styles here by modifying    //  the CREATESTRUCT cs    //此处修改cs,实现用户自定义窗口    return TRUE;}



8、接下来调用line3父类的precreatewindow函数

9、由于窗口包括frame框架类,因此需要调用cfrmwnd的create函数(WINFRM.cpp中),这个函数又会调用Cfrmwnd的父类CWnd::CreateEx函数

10、注册完窗口后就会执行消息响应,消息响应是通过  AfxWinMain中nReturnCode = pThread->Run()实现的

11、用一个dowhile循环实现消息循环    PumpMessage()

大概的MFC实现就写到这,可能有很多不对的地方,等熟悉以后再来更新!