strftime时间格式参考
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转自:http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/ctime/strftime/
function
<ctime>
strftime
size_t strftime (char* ptr, size_t maxsize, const char* format, const struct tm* timeptr );
Format time as string
Copies into ptr the content of format, expanding its format specifiers into the corresponding values that represent the time described in timeptr, with a limit of maxsize characters.Parameters
- ptr
- Pointer to the destination array where the resulting C string is copied.
- maxsize
- Maximum number of characters to be copied to ptr, including the terminating null-character.
- format
- C string containing any combination of regular characters and special format specifiers. These format specifiers are replaced by the function to the corresponding values to represent the time specified in timeptr. They all begin with a percentage (
%
) sign, and are:specifier Replaced by Example %a
Abbreviated weekday name *Thu
%A
Full weekday name *Thursday
%b
Abbreviated month name *Aug
%B
Full month name *August
%c
Date and time representation *Thu Aug 23 14:55:02 2001
%C
Year divided by 100 and truncated to integer (00-99
)20
%d
Day of the month, zero-padded (01-31
)23
%D
ShortMM/DD/YY
date, equivalent to%m/%d/%y
08/23/01
%e
Day of the month, space-padded (1-31
)23
%F
ShortYYYY-MM-DD
date, equivalent to%Y-%m-%d
2001-08-23
%g
Week-based year, last two digits (00-99
)01
%G
Week-based year2001
%h
Abbreviated month name * (same as%b
)Aug
%H
Hour in 24h format (00-23
)14
%I
Hour in 12h format (01-12
)02
%j
Day of the year (001-366
)235
%m
Month as a decimal number (01-12
)08
%M
Minute (00-59
)55
%n
New-line character ('\n'
)%p
AM or PM designationPM
%r
12-hour clock time *02:55:02 pm
%R
24-hourHH:MM
time, equivalent to%H:%M
14:55
%S
Second (00-61
)02
%t
Horizontal-tab character ('\t'
)%T
ISO 8601 time format (HH:MM:SS
), equivalent to%H:%M:%S
14:55:02
%u
ISO 8601 weekday as number with Monday as1
(1-7
)4
%U
Week number with the first Sunday as the first day of week one (00-53
)33
%V
ISO 8601 week number (00-53
)34
%w
Weekday as a decimal number with Sunday as0
(0-6
)4
%W
Week number with the first Monday as the first day of week one (00-53
)34
%x
Date representation *08/23/01
%X
Time representation *14:55:02
%y
Year, last two digits (00-99
)01
%Y
Year2001
%z
ISO 8601 offset from UTC in timezone (1 minute=1, 1 hour=100)
If timezone cannot be termined, no characters+100
%Z
Timezone name or abbreviation *
If timezone cannot be termined, no charactersCDT
%%
A%
sign%
* The specifiers marked with an asterisk (*) are locale-dependent.
Note: Yellow rows indicate specifiers and sub-specifiers introduced by C99. Since C99, two locale-specific modifiers can also be inserted between the percentage sign (%
) and the specifier proper to request an alternative format, where applicable:Modifier Meaning Applies to E
Uses the locale's alternative representation%Ec %EC %Ex %EX %Ey %EY
O
Uses the locale's alternative numeric symbols%Od %Oe %OH %OI %Om %OM %OS %Ou %OU %OV %Ow %OW %Oy
- timeptr
- Pointer to a tm structure that contains a calendar time broken down into its components (see struct tm).
Return Value
If the resulting C string fits in less than maxsize characters including the terminating null-character, the total number of characters copied to ptr (not including the terminating null-character) is returned.Otherwise, zero is returned and the contents of the array are indeterminate.
Compatibility
Particular library implementations may support additional specifiers or combinations.Those listed here are supported by the latest C and C++ standards (both published in 2011), but those in yellow were introduced in C99 (only required for C++ implementations since C++11), and may not be supported by libraries that comply with older standards.
Example
123456789101112131415161718
/* strftime example */#include <stdio.h> /* puts */#include <time.h> /* time_t, struct tm, time, localtime, strftime */int main (){ time_t rawtime; struct tm * timeinfo; char buffer [80]; time (&rawtime); timeinfo = localtime (&rawtime); strftime (buffer,80,"Now it's %I:%M%p.",timeinfo); puts (buffer); return 0;}
Example output:
Now it's 03:21PM.
Data races
The function accesses the array pointed by format and the object pointed by timeptr. On success, it also modifies the elements in the array pointed by ptr.Concurrently changing locale settings may also introduce data races.
Exceptions (C++)
No-throw guarantee: this function never throws exceptions.See also
- ctime
- Convert time_t value to string (function )
- asctime
- Convert tm structure to string (function )
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