MatPlotLib(Basemap)与Grads、NCL和GMT的对比

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MatPlotLib是python中大名鼎鼎的绘图包,在绘制图形方面比Grads、NCL(NCAR Command Language)和GMT要强大的多,并且借助于python简洁的语法,编程也容易得多,远非后两者可以与之相提并论的.Grads、NCL和GMT只是在Earth System Modeling 和Global Climate Modeling等方面,一直遥遥领先.不过情况已悄悄变化,现在MatPlotLib已推出basemap 1.0.7,可以说basemap在处理文件 (netCDF,hdf,shapefile等) 和绘图方面,基本上实现了Grads、NCL和GMT的所有功能.

下面给个例子,让大家感受一下basemap:

from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemapimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as np# set up orthographic map projection with# perspective of satellite looking down at 50N, 100W.# use low resolution coastlines.map = Basemap(projection='ortho',lat_0=45,lon_0=-100,resolution='l')# draw coastlines, country boundaries, fill continents.map.drawcoastlines(linewidth=0.25)map.drawcountries(linewidth=0.25)map.fillcontinents(color='coral',lake_color='aqua')# draw the edge of the map projection region (the projection limb)map.drawmapboundary(fill_color='aqua')# draw lat/lon grid lines every 30 degrees.map.drawmeridians(np.arange(0,360,30))map.drawparallels(np.arange(-90,90,30))# make up some data on a regular lat/lon grid.nlats = 73; nlons = 145; delta = 2.*np.pi/(nlons-1)lats = (0.5*np.pi-delta*np.indices((nlats,nlons))[0,:,:])lons = (delta*np.indices((nlats,nlons))[1,:,:])wave = 0.75*(np.sin(2.*lats)**8*np.cos(4.*lons))mean = 0.5*np.cos(2.*lats)*((np.sin(2.*lats))**2 + 2.)# compute native map projection coordinates of lat/lon grid.x, y = map(lons*180./np.pi, lats*180./np.pi)# contour data over the map.cs = map.contour(x,y,wave+mean,15,linewidths=1.5)plt.title('contour lines over filled continent background')plt.show()

绘制的结果如下:

更多的例子,去Basemap的Example Gallery看看吧:

Basemap的的文档链接为:http://matplotlib.org/basemap/index.html

Wiki也提供了一点coolbook:

http://wiki.scipy.org/Cookbook/Matplotlib/Maps