Spring MVC 1 开始配置

在 Spring MVC 中 org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet 是核心Servlet。

一个MVC应用可以有多个DispatcherServlet 。每个有自己的WebApplicationContext配置。Spring MVC还提供一个Root级别的WebApplicationContext。

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DispatcherServlet主要用于控制流程，主要职责如下：

1、整个过程开始于Web服务器接收到一个请求，如果匹配DispatcherServlet 的请求映射路径(web.xml)，Web容器将请求转交给DispatcherServlet 处理 ；

2、DispatcherServlet 接收到一个请求后，将根据请求的信息(URL，请求参数等)及HandlerMapping 的配置找到处理请求的处理器(Hanlder)；

3、当DispatcherServlet找到对应的Handler后，通过HandlerAdapter对Handler进行封装，再以统一的适配器接口调用Handler。

4、处理器完成处理后将返回一个ModelAndView ，包含了视图逻辑名和模型数据；

5、DispatcherServlet 通过ViewResolver完成逻辑视图名到真实视图对象的解析；

6、最终DispatcherServlet使用真实View对象与ModelAndView中数据进行渲染具体的视图等；

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DispatcherServlet  配置

web.xml

<?xml version= "1.0" encoding ="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version= "3.0" xmlns ="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">

    <!-- The definition of the Root Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->

    <context-param >

        <param-name> contextConfigLocation</param-name >

        <param-value>classpath:spring/application-config.xml</param-value >

    </context-param >  

    <!-- Spring MVC filters -->

    <filter >

        <filter-name> CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name >

        <filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class >

        <init-param>

            <param-name> encoding</ param-name>

            <param-value> UTF-8</ param-value>

        </init-param>

        <init-param>

            <param-name> forceEncoding</param-name >

            <param-value> true</ param-value>

        </init-param>

    </filter >   

    <filter-mapping >

        <filter-name> CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name >

        <url-pattern> /*</ url-pattern>

    </filter-mapping >

    <!-- Creates the Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->

    <listener >

        <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class >

    </listener >   

    <!-- Processes application requests -->

      <servlet >

        <servlet-name> appServlet</servlet-name >

        <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class >

        <init-param>

            <param-name> contextConfigLocation</param-name >

            <param-value> /WEB-INF/ mvc-config.xml</ param-value>

        </init-param>

        <load-on-startup> 1</ load-on-startup>

        <multipart-config>

            <max-file-size> 5000000</ max-file-size>

        </multipart-config>               

    </servlet >       

    <servlet-mapping >

        <servlet-name> appServlet</servlet-name >

        <url-pattern> /</ url-pattern>

    </servlet-mapping > 

</web-app>

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DispatcherServlet (mvc-config.xml)

<beans xmlns= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

        xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

        xmlns:mvc ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

        xmlns:context ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

        xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd

              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd" >

    <context:component-scan base-package= "com.yln.spring.web" />

    <mvc:annotation-driven />

        <bean class ="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >

               <property name= "prefix" value = "/WEB-INF/view/"/>

               <property name= "suffix" value = ".jsp"/>

        </bean>

</beans>

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Spring MVC的配置非常简单，是因为框架在内部做了很多默认设置。在MVC的Jar包中有一个 DispatcherServlet.properties文件，定义了默认装载的类。这里定义的bean都可以在XML中配置，以达到定制的效果。MVC的学习实际也就是学习下面各个Bean的用法。

org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver= org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver

org.springframework.web.servlet.ThemeResolver= org.springframework.web.servlet.theme.FixedThemeResolver

org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerMapping= org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping,\

        org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping

org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerAdapter= org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.HttpRequestHandlerAdapter,\

        org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter,\

        org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter

org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver= org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerExceptionResolver,\

        org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.ResponseStatusExceptionResolver,\

        org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.DefaultHandlerExceptionResolver

org.springframework.web.servlet.RequestToViewNameTranslator= org.springframework.web.servlet.view.DefaultRequestToViewNameTranslator

org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver= org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver

org.springframework.web.servlet.FlashMapManager= org.springframework.web.servlet.support.SessionFlashMapManager

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