PHP导入导出Excel方法小结

最近因项目需要，需要开发一个模块，把系统中的一些数据导出成Excel，修改后再导回系统。就趁机对这个研究了一番，下面进行一些总结。
基本上导出的文件分为两种：
1：类Excel格式，这个其实不是传统意义上的Excel文件，只是因为Excel的兼容能力强，能够正确打开而已。修改这种文件后再保存，通常会提示你是否要转换成Excel文件。
优点：简单。
缺点：难以生成格式，如果用来导入需要自己分别编写相应的程序。
2：Excel格式，与类Excel相对应，这种方法生成的文件更接近于真正的Excel格式。

如果导出中文时出现乱码，可以尝试将字符串转换成gb2312，例如下面就把$yourStr从utf-8转换成了gb2312:
$yourStr = mb_convert_encoding("gb2312", "UTF-8", $yourStr);

下面详细列举几种方法。
一、PHP导出Excel

1：第一推荐无比风骚的PHPExcel，官方网站： http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel
导入导出都成，可以导出office2007格式，同时兼容2003。
下载下来的包中有文档和例子，大家可以自行研究。
抄段例子出来：

<?php/** * PHPExcel * * Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel * * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA * * @category   PHPExcel * @package    PHPExcel * @copyright  Copyright (c) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel ( http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel) * @license    http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt    LGPL * @version    1.5.0, 2007-10-23 *//** Error reporting */error_reporting(E_ALL);/** Include path **/set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . '../Classes/');/** PHPExcel */include 'PHPExcel.php';/** PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007 */include 'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php';// Create new PHPExcel objectecho date('H:i:s') . " Create new PHPExcel object/n";$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();// Set propertiesecho date('H:i:s') . " Set properties/n";$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("Maarten Balliauw");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy("Maarten Balliauw");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescrīption("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using phpclasses.");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php");$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory("Test result file");// Add some dataecho date('H:i:s') . " Add some data/n";$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('A1', 'Hello');$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('B2', 'world!');$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('C1', 'Hello');$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue('D2', 'world!');// Rename sheetecho date('H:i:s') . " Rename sheet/n";$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle('Simple');// Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);        // Save Excel 2007 fileecho date('H:i:s') . " Write to Excel2007 format/n";$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);$objWriter->save(str_replace('.php', '.xlsx', __FILE__));// Echo doneecho date('H:i:s') . " Done writing file./r/n";

2、使用pear的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer类
下载地址： http://pear.php.net/package/Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer
此类依赖于OLE,下载地址：http://pear.php.net/package/OLE
需要注意的是导出的Excel文件格式比较老，修改后保存会提示是否转换成更新的格式。
不过可以设定格式，很强大。

<?phprequire_once 'Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php'; // Creating a workbook$workbook = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer();   // sending HTTP headers$workbook->send('test.xls');   // Creating a worksheet$worksheet =& $workbook->addWorksheet('My first worksheet');   // The actual data$worksheet->write(0, 0, 'Name');$worksheet->write(0, 1, 'Age');$worksheet->write(1, 0, 'John Smith');$worksheet->write(1, 1, 30);$worksheet->write(2, 0, 'Johann Schmidt');$worksheet->write(2, 1, 31);$worksheet->write(3, 0, 'Juan Herrera');$worksheet->write(3, 1, 32);   // Let's send the file$workbook->close();?>

3:利用smarty，生成符合Excel规范的XML或HTML文件
支持格式，非常完美的导出方案。不过导出来的的本质上还是XML文件，如果用来导入就需要另外处理了。
详细内容请见rardge大侠的帖子：http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=745757

需要注意的是如果导出的表格行数不确定时，最好在模板中把"ss:ExpandedColumnCount="5" ss:ExpandedRowCount="21""之类的东西删掉。

4、利用pack函数打印出模拟Excel格式的断句符号，这种更接近于Excel标准格式，用office2003修改后保存，还不会弹出提示，推荐用这种方法。
缺点是无格式。

<?php// Send Headerheader("Pragma: public");header("Expires: 0");header("Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0");header("Content-Type: application/force-download");header("Content-Type: application/octet-stream");header("Content-Type: application/download");;header("Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=test.xls ");header("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary ");// XLS Data CellxlsBOF();xlsWriteLabel(1,0,"My excel line one");xlsWriteLabel(2,0,"My excel line two : ");xlsWriteLabel(2,1,"Hello everybody");xlsEOF();function xlsBOF() {    echo pack("ssssss", 0x809, 0x8, 0x0, 0x10, 0x0, 0x0);    return;}function xlsEOF() {    echo pack("ss", 0x0A, 0x00);    return;}function xlsWriteNumber($Row, $Col, $Value) {    echo pack("sssss", 0x203, 14, $Row, $Col, 0x0);    echo pack("d", $Value);    return;}function xlsWriteLabel($Row, $Col, $Value ) {    $L = strlen($Value);    echo pack("ssssss", 0x204, 8 + $L, $Row, $Col, 0x0, $L);    echo $Value;    return;}?>

不过笔者在64位linux系统中使用时失败了，断句符号全部变成了乱码。

5、使用制表符、换行符的方法
制表符"/t"用户分割同一行中的列，换行符"/t/n"可以开启下一行。

<?phpheader("Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-execl");header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=myExcel.xls");header("Pragma: no-cache");header("Expires: 0");/*first line*/echo "hello"."/t";echo "world"."/t";echo "/t/n";/*start of second line*/echo "this is second line"."/t";echo "Hi,pretty girl"."/t";echo "/t/n";?>

6、使用com
如果你的PHP可以开启com模块，就可以用它来导出Excel文件

<?PHP$filename = "c:/spreadhseet/test.xls";$sheet1 = 1;$sheet2 = "sheet2";$excel_app = new COM("Excel.application") or Die ("Did not connect");print "Application name: {$excel_app->Application->value}/n" ;print "Loaded version: {$excel_app->Application->version}/n";$Workbook = $excel_app->Workbooks->Open("$filename") or Die("Did not open $filename $Workbook");$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet1);$Worksheet->activate;$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range("C4");$excel_cell->activate;$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;print "$excel_result/n";$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet2);$Worksheet->activate;$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range("C4");$excel_cell->activate;$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;print "$excel_result/n";#To close all instances of excel:$Workbook->Close;unset($Worksheet);unset($Workbook);$excel_app->Workbooks->Close();$excel_app->Quit();unset($excel_app);?>

一个更好的例子： http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/16928/showart_387171.html

一、PHP导入Excel

1：还是用PHPExcel，官方网站： http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel。

2：使用PHP-ExcelReader,下载地址: http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpexcelreader
举例：

<?phprequire_once 'Excel/reader.php';// ExcelFile($filename, $encoding);$data = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Reader();// Set output Encoding.$data->setOutputEncoding('utf8');$data->read(' jxlrwtest.xls');error_reporting(E_ALL ^ E_NOTICE);for ($i = 1; $i <= $data->sheets[0]['numRows']; $i++) {    for ($j = 1; $j <= $data->sheets[0]['numCols']; $j++) {        echo "/"".$data->sheets[0]['cells'][$i][$j]."/",";    }    echo "/n";}?>