urllib.urlparse

urllib.parse.urlparse(urlstring,scheme='', allow_fragments=True)

scheme:设置默认值

allow_fragments:是否允许fragment

>>> from urllib.parse import urlparse>>> o = urlparse('http://www.cwi.nl:80/%7Eguido/Python.html')>>> o   ParseResult(scheme='http', netloc='www.cwi.nl:80', path='/%7Eguido/Python.html',            params='', query='', fragment='')>>> o.scheme'http'>>> o.port80>>> o.geturl()'http://www.cwi.nl:80/%7Eguido/Python.html'

urlparse recognizes a netloc only if it is properly introduced by ‘//’. Otherwise the input is presumed to be a relative URL and thus to start with a path component.

urllib.parse.parse_qs(qs,keep_blank_values=False, strict_parsing=False, encoding='utf-8',errors='replace')解析一个查询字符串，返回一个dict对象。

keep_blank_values:是否保留空格

strict_parsing:如果为False，解析时出错将忽略，为True，解析出错将抛出一个ValueError异常。

使用urllib.parse.urlencode() 函数，可将这样的字典转成查询字符串

urllib.parse.parse_qsl(qs,keep_blank_values=False, strict_parsing=False, encoding='utf-8',errors='replace')返回一个列表

urllib.parse.urlunparse(parts)由urlparse返回的tuple构造一个URL

urllib.parse.urlsplit(urlstring,scheme='', allow_fragments=True)This is similar to urlparse(), but does not split the params from the URL. 

This function returns a 5-tuple

urllib.parse.urlunsplit(parts)Combine the elements of a tuple as returned byurlsplit() into a complete URL as a string

urllib.parse.urljoin(base,url, allow_fragments=True)如果URL里包含fragment identifier，则返回一个不含fragment identifier的url和一个fragment identifier的列表。如果url本来就不含fragment identifier，则返回原url

urllib.parse.quote(string,safe='/', encoding=None, errors=None)编码URL字符串。safe指定不需要编码的 ASCII字符。

encoding，设置如何处理无法编码的非ASCII 字符

urllib.parse.quote_plus(string,safe='', encoding=None, errors=None)与quote()类似，但其将空格替换为‘+’，原‘+’将被转义。其safe 默认不包含‘/’

urllib.parse.quote_from_bytes(bytes,safe='/')

urllib.parse.unquote(string,encoding='utf-8', errors='replace')

urllib.parse.unquote_plus(string,encoding='utf-8', errors='replace')

urllib.parse.unquote_to_bytes(string)将query中的查询值转换为一个URL编码的字符串,该字符串可以作为URL的query参数包括在
内,或者可以上传作为POST请求的一部分