Open SUSE12.2 MySQL5.6数据库安装配置

系统环境：Open SUSE12.2 x86_64

一、下载"SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86, 64-bit), RPM Bundle" 或者"SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86, 64-bit), RPM Package Client Utilities"、"SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 (x86, 64-bit), RPM Package
MySQL Server",地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

二、因为在新安装完的SUSE 12.2系统中，原本已有MySQL5.5.25a版本的MySQL，建议清除（本次安装是已清除原有Mysql5.5.25版本后的安装过程），不过也可以在安装过程中覆盖它。按照MySQL官网文档叙述，如果需要在本地登录，则需安同时装MySQL-server和MySQL-client：
rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.13-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.13-1.sles11.x86_64.rpm

三、安装完成后，你可以在目录/usr下找到my.cnf,不过这个my.cnf没什么内容，下面配置一下my.cnf,该配置仅作参考使用。

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients[client]#password= your_passwordport= 3306socket= /opt/mysql/mysql.sock# Here follows entries for some specific programs# The MySQL server[mysqld]port= 3306socket= /opt/mysql/mysql.sock# Change following line if you want to store your database elsewherebasedir=/usrdatadir= /opt/mysqlskip-external-lockingkey_buffer_size = 16Mmax_allowed_packet = 1Mtable_open_cache = 64sort_buffer_size = 512Knet_buffer_length = 8Kread_buffer_size = 256Kread_rnd_buffer_size = 512Kmyisam_sort_buffer_size = 8Mlower_case_table_names=1# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!# #skip-networking# Replication Master Server (default)# binary logging is required for replicationlog-bin=mysql-bin# binary logging format - mixed recommendedbinlog_format=mixed# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set# but will not function as a master if omittedserver-id= 1# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)## To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between# two methods :## 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -#    the syntax is:##    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,#    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;##    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and#    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).##    Example:##    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';## OR## 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)## required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1# (and different from the master)# defaults to 2 if master-host is set# but will not function as a slave if omitted#server-id       = 2## The replication master for this slave - required#master-host     =   <hostname>## The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting# to the master - required#master-user     =   <username>## The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to# the master - required#master-password =   <password>## The port the master is listening on.# optional - defaults to 3306#master-port     =  <port>## binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended#log-bin=mysql-bin# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tablesinnodb_data_home_dir = /opt/mysqlinnodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextendinnodb_log_group_home_dir = /opt/mysql# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too highinnodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool sizeinnodb_log_file_size = 5Minnodb_log_buffer_size = 8Minnodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50# The safe_mysqld script[safe_mysqld]log-error= /var/log/mysql/mysqld.logsocket= /opt/mysql/mysql.sock[mysqldump]socket= /opt/mysql/mysql.sockquickmax_allowed_packet = 16M[mysql]no-auto-rehash# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL#safe-updates[myisamchk]key_buffer_size = 20Msort_buffer_size = 20Mread_buffer = 2Mwrite_buffer = 2M[mysqlhotcopy]interactive-timeout[mysqld_multi]mysqld     = /usr/bin/mysqld_safemysqladmin = /usr/bin/mysqladminlog        = /var/log/mysqld_multi.log

四、从给出的配置文件可以看到几个信息与默认的不一样
1、basedir路径的配置
2、datadir路径的配置
3、[client] socket路径的配置
4、[mysqld] socket路径的配置
5、[safe_mysqld] socket路径的配置
6、[mysqldump] socket路径的配置

由于datadir路径配置为“/opt/mysql”，则需要把默认路径"/var/lib"下整个"mysql"文件夹复制到"/opt"下。以下是需要特别注意的地方：先查看一下"/var/lib"下"mysql"的权限和所有者；发现该文件夹的所有者为mysql。再查看"/opt"下刚才复制的"mysql"文件夹所有者，发现该所有者是root,此时如果启动mysql服务，会报错误：StartingMySQL.The server quit without updating PID file。修改"/opt"目录下的"mysql"文件夹所有者：

/opt>chown -R mysql:mysql mysql

注意：[client] socket路径的配置、[mysqld] socket路径的配置、[safe_mysqld] socket路径的配置、[mysqldump] socket路径的配置，都是配置在"/opt/mysql"下。否则会报没有找到mysql.sock错误。
启动mysql服务：service mysql start
查看mysql服务状态：service mysql status
发现一切正常，利用安装时随机生成的root密码（在`/.mysql_secret中）登陆，修改root密码或添加新用户。

安装配置MySQL 5.6过程顺利完毕。以上过程仅作参考，过程中许多细节需要自己了解相关文档。