php发布webservice

webservice有很多优点经常被用来做数据交换一类的工作，php也不甘示弱新版本的php也可以用来开发webservice了。虽然比起java,asp.net开发起来要麻烦一些，下面分享下我用php开发的第一个webservice

1.开发webservice要先打开php_soap.dll扩展库，编辑php.ini文件去前面的分号,之后看看设置生效没有

看到有这个就说明配置成功了，下面就可以接着开发了

2.php发布webservice和java不同，php需要生成一个wsdl文件才能把接口发布出去，如果是zendstudio会方便点。如果没有zendstudio也没关系，下面这个工具类可以生成wsdl文件

<?php  /** * Copyright (c) 2005, Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas * All rights reserved. *  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are * permitted provided that the following conditions are met: *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of * conditions and the following disclaimer.  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of * conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials * provided with the distribution.  * Neither the name of the Solsoft de Costa Rica S.A. nor the names of its contributors may * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific * prior written permission. *  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND * CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE * DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR * CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. *  * * @version $Id$ * @copyright 2005  *//** * SoapDiscovery Class that provides Web Service Definition Language (WSDL). *  * @package SoapDiscovery * @author Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas * @copyright Copyright (c) 2005 Braulio Jos?Solano Rojas * @version $Id$ * @access public **/class SoapDiscovery {private $class_name = '';private $service_name = '';/** * SoapDiscovery::__construct() SoapDiscovery class Constructor. *  * @param string $class_name * @param string $service_name **/public function __construct($class_name = '', $service_name = '') {$this->class_name = $class_name;$this->service_name = $service_name;}/** * SoapDiscovery::getWSDL() Returns the WSDL of a class if the class is instantiable. *  * @return string **/public function getWSDL() {if (empty($this->service_name)) {throw new Exception('No service name.');}$headerWSDL = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?>\n";$headerWSDL.= "<definitions name=\"$this->service_name\" targetNamespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" xmlns:wsdl=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/\" xmlns:tns=\"urn:$this->service_name\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:SOAP-ENC=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" xmlns=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\">\n";$headerWSDL.= "<types xmlns=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/\" />\n";if (empty($this->class_name)) {throw new Exception('No class name.');}$class = new ReflectionClass($this->class_name);if (!$class->isInstantiable()) {throw new Exception('Class is not instantiable.');}$methods = $class->getMethods();$portTypeWSDL = '<portType name="'.$this->service_name.'Port">';$bindingWSDL = '<binding name="'.$this->service_name.'Binding" type="tns:'.$this->service_name."Port\">\n<soap:binding style=\"rpc\" transport=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http\" />\n";$serviceWSDL = '<service name="'.$this->service_name."\">\n<documentation />\n<port name=\"".$this->service_name.'Port" binding="tns:'.$this->service_name."Binding\"><soap:address location=\"http://".$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].':'.$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'].$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']."\" />\n</port>\n</service>\n";$messageWSDL = '';foreach ($methods as $method) {if ($method->isPublic() && !$method->isConstructor()) {$portTypeWSDL.= '<operation name="'.$method->getName()."\">\n".'<input message="tns:'.$method->getName()."Request\" />\n<output message=\"tns:".$method->getName()."Response\" />\n</operation>\n";$bindingWSDL.= '<operation name="'.$method->getName()."\">\n".'<soap:operation soapAction="urn:'.$this->service_name.'#'.$this->class_name.'#'.$method->getName()."\" />\n<input><soap:body use=\"encoded\" namespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" />\n</input>\n<output>\n<soap:body use=\"encoded\" namespace=\"urn:$this->service_name\" encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\" />\n</output>\n</operation>\n";    $messageWSDL.= '<message name="'.$method->getName()."Request\">\n";$parameters = $method->getParameters();foreach ($parameters as $parameter) {$messageWSDL.= '<part name="'.$parameter->getName()."\" type=\"xsd:string\" />\n";}$messageWSDL.= "</message>\n";$messageWSDL.= '<message name="'.$method->getName()."Response\">\n";$messageWSDL.= '<part name="'.$method->getName()."\" type=\"xsd:string\" />\n";$messageWSDL.= "</message>\n";}}$portTypeWSDL.= "</portType>\n";$bindingWSDL.= "</binding>\n";//return sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>');    $fso = fopen($this->class_name . ".wsdl" , "w");         fwrite($fso, sprintf('%s%s%s%s%s%s', $headerWSDL, $portTypeWSDL, $bindingWSDL, $serviceWSDL, $messageWSDL, '</definitions>'));         exit; }/** * SoapDiscovery::getDiscovery() Returns discovery of WSDL. *  * @return string **/public function getDiscovery() {return "<?xml version=\"1.0\" ?>\n<disco:discovery xmlns:disco=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/\" xmlns:scl=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/disco/scl/\">\n<scl:contractRef ref=\"http://".$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'].':'.$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'].$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']."?wsdl\" />\n</disco:discovery>";}}?>

3.编写webservice的核心类StudentService

<?phpclass Student{function outputName($name){return "你的名字是:".$name;}}?>

正式的开发肯定比这个复杂，我这里只能算是演示

4.借助生成wsdl的工具类和第三步生成的类来生成wsdl,生成wsdl的类也是一个php,命名可以随意我这里命名为StudentWebService，使用下面的代码就能生成wsdl

<?phprequire_once "util/SoapDiscovery.class.php";require_once "StudentService.php";$dis=new SoapDiscovery("Student","StudentWebService");$dis->getWSDL();?>

Student就是上面那个类的类名，第二个参数是接口的名称可以自己定义，在浏览器输入地址生成一个wsdl，名称为Student.wsdl.如果出现异常wsdl就不会生成成功

5.接下来删除第四步里的php文件里面的内容，改为下面这样

<?phprequire_once "StudentService.php";$objSoapServer = new SoapServer("Student.wsdl");//注册person类的所有方法 $objSoapServer->setClass("Student");//处理请求 $objSoapServer->handle();?>

到这里接口已经开发完毕，可以在浏览器地址栏输入http://localhost/webservice/StudentWebService.php?wsdl看wsdl是否能显示出来

6.编写一个客户端来测试webservice接口，如果不会写也可以偷个懒直接使用soapui就行，下面是php的客户端测试类test.php

<?php$client = new SoapClient("http://localhost/webservice/StudentWebService.php?wsdl");//outputName是接口里定义的方法echo($client->outputName('蔡依林')); echo "<br />"; ?>

来看看期待已久的结果

平时的开发可能是返回一个xml或者json,要真正学好webservice这两块的知识也要很熟练才可以。