visual studio 2013 Entity Framework 6 MVC 5 体验（一）修改默认数据库，增加自定义字段

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visual studio 2013于北京时间2013年11月13日23:00时正式发布，整整10天了，该写一篇体验的文章了。

废话不说，先新建一个项目

选择MVC，确定

打开 Views\Shared\_Layout.cshtml文件，按自己的要求修改

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>    <meta charset="utf-8" />    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">    <title>@ViewBag.Title - 我的 ASP.NET 应用程序</title>    @Styles.Render("~/Content/css")    @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/modernizr")</head><body>    <div class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">        <div class="container">            <div class="navbar-header">                <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse">                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>                    <span class="icon-bar"></span>                </button>                @Html.ActionLink("应用程序名称", "Index", "Home", null, new { @class = "navbar-brand" })            </div>            <div class="navbar-collapse collapse">                <ul class="nav navbar-nav">                    <li>@Html.ActionLink("主页", "Index", "Home")</li>                    <li>@Html.ActionLink("关于", "About", "Home")</li>                    <li>@Html.ActionLink("联系方式", "Contact", "Home")</li>                </ul>                @Html.Partial("_LoginPartial")            </div>        </div>    </div>    <div class="container body-content">        @RenderBody()        <hr />        <footer>            <p>© @DateTime.Now.Year - 我的 ASP.NET 应用程序</p>        </footer>    </div>    @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jquery")    @Scripts.Render("~/bundles/bootstrap")    @RenderSection("scripts", required: false)</body></html>

在Views\Home\Index.cshtml文件里替换相关内容。

打开web.config文件，修改默认数据库连接字符串

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!--  有关如何配置 ASP.NET 应用程序的详细信息，请访问  http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301880  --><configuration>  <configSections>    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->    <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />  </configSections>  <connectionStrings>    <add name="DefaultConnection" connectionString="Data Source=(LocalDb)\v11.0;AttachDbFilename=|DataDirectory|\aspnet-PingShuo-20131123102758.mdf;Initial Catalog=aspnet-PingShuo-20131123102758;Integrated Security=True"      providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />  </connectionStrings>  <appSettings>    <add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" />    <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />    <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />    <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />  </appSettings>  <system.web>    <authentication mode="None" />    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5.1" />    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5.1" />  </system.web>  <system.webServer>    <modules>      <remove name="FormsAuthenticationModule" />    </modules>  </system.webServer>  <runtime>    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">      <dependentAssembly>        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />      </dependentAssembly>      <dependentAssembly>        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.0.0.0" newVersion="5.0.0.0" />      </dependentAssembly>      <dependentAssembly>        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />      </dependentAssembly>      <dependentAssembly>        <assemblyIdentity name="WebGrease" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.5.2.14234" newVersion="1.5.2.14234" />      </dependentAssembly>    </assemblyBinding>  </runtime>  <entityFramework>    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">      <parameters>        <parameter value="v11.0" />      </parameters>    </defaultConnectionFactory>    <providers>      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />    </providers>  </entityFramework></configuration>

保存web.config，运行程序，点击注册，注册一个新用户，以激活数据库。

现在打开本机的MSSMS或VS的服务器资源管理器，可以看到已经建好的数据库PS，显示数据，可以看到已经注册的用户。

进行到这里，干脆顺便完善一下用户信息。以建好的模板只有用户名和密码，实际使用中我们可能还需要其他信息，比如我将添加电话、所在部门等。

首先打开程序包管理控制台：

在控制台中输入“Enable-Migrations“，完成了迁移

打开Models\IdentityModels.cs文件，增加以下代码

using Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.EntityFramework;//添加引用using System;namespace PingShuo.Models{    // You can add profile data for the user by adding more properties to your ApplicationUser class, please visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=317594 to learn more.    public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser    {        //添加自定义的用户信息字段        public string 电话 { get; set; }        public string 部门 { get; set; }    }    public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>    {        public ApplicationDbContext()            : base("DefaultConnection")        {        }    }}

在控制台中输入Add-Migration "电话"

接着输入：Update-Database

接着输入：Add-Migration "部门"和Update-Database

现在检查数据库，已经多了这两个字段

打开AccountViewModels.cs文件，增加红色部分：

using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;namespace PingShuo.Models{    public class ExternalLoginConfirmationViewModel    {        [Required]        [Display(Name = "用户名")]        public string UserName { get; set; }    }    public class ManageUserViewModel    {        [Required]        [DataType(DataType.Password)]        [Display(Name = "当前密码")]        public string OldPassword { get; set; }        [Required]        [StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "{0} 必须至少包含 {2} 个字符。", MinimumLength = 6)]        [DataType(DataType.Password)]        [Display(Name = "新密码")]        public string NewPassword { get; set; }        [DataType(DataType.Password)]        [Display(Name = "确认新密码")]        [Compare("NewPassword", ErrorMessage = "新密码和确认密码不匹配。")]        public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }    }    public class LoginViewModel    {        [Required]        [Display(Name = "用户名")]        public string UserName { get; set; }        [Required]        [DataType(DataType.Password)]        [Display(Name = "密码")]        public string Password { get; set; }        [Display(Name = "记住我?")]        public bool RememberMe { get; set; }    }    public class RegisterViewModel    {        [Required]        [Display(Name = "用户名")]        public string UserName { get; set; }        [Required]        [StringLength(100, ErrorMessage = "{0} 必须至少包含 {2} 个字符。", MinimumLength = 6)]        [DataType(DataType.Password)]        [Display(Name = "密码")]        public string Password { get; set; }        [DataType(DataType.Password)]        [Display(Name = "确认密码")]        [Compare("Password", ErrorMessage = "密码和确认密码不匹配。")]        public string ConfirmPassword { get; set; }        //扩展类的字段        [Required]        [Display(Name = "电话")]        public string 电话 { get; set; }        [Required]        [Display(Name = "部门")]        public string 部门 { get; set; }        //顺便编写一个AppliationUser类的实例，以便后用:        public ApplicationUser GetUser()        {            var user = new ApplicationUser()            {                UserName = this.UserName,                部门 = this.部门,            };            return user;        }    }}

忘了在顶部增加using System;

保存，运行，效果如下：