//// main.m// OC_学习_数组等等//// Created by binMac on 13-12-6.// Copyright (c) 2013年 bin－mac. All rights reserved.//#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>int main(int argc, const char * argv[]){ //初始化一个数组 NSArray *array1 = [NSArray arrayWithObject:@"bin"]; NSLog(@"array = %@",array1);//arrayWithObject只能添加一个元素 NSArray *array2 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"bin",@"ban", nil];//arrayWithObjects可以添加多个元素,且nil,不能删除 NSLog(@"array = %@",array2); //用另一个数组初始化一个数组 NSArray *array3 = array2; NSLog(@"array = %@,%p,%p",array3,array3,array2); NSArray *array3b = [NSArray arrayWithArray:array3]; NSLog(@"array = %@,%p,%p",array3b,array3b,array2); //求数组的元素 NSInteger arrayCount = [array3 count]; NSLog(@"这个数组的元素有 %ld",arrayCount); //通过下标取数组的元素 NSString *str = [array3 objectAtIndex:1]; NSLog(@"str = %@",str); //追加数组元素 NSArray *array4 = [array3 arrayByAddingObject:@"bgn"];//(一个元素) NSLog(@"array4 = %@",array4); NSArray *array5 = [array3 arrayByAddingObjectsFromArray:array1 ];//追加一个数组 NSLog(@"array5 = %@",array5); //components 成分, //用指定的字符串将数组中的元素连接起来变为一个字符串 NSString *str2 = [array5 componentsJoinedByString:@"*"]; NSLog(@"str2 = %@",str2); //判断数组中是否含有一个对象 BOOL isContain = [array5 containsObject:@"bin"]; NSLog(@"isContain = %d",isContain); //判断一个是元素在数组中的下标 NSInteger index = [array4 indexOfObject:@"bin" inRange:NSMakeRange(0, 1)];//可以不用inrange,在指定范围内存在的话就返回正确的值, NSLog(@"index = %ld",index); //可变数组-------------- NSMutableArray *marray1 = [NSMutableArray array];//空数组 NSLog(@"marray1 = %@",marray1); NSMutableArray *marray2 = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:6];//告诉编译器大概有6个元素,方便内存优化 NSLog(@"marray2=%@",marray2); //添加元素 NSMutableArray *marray3 = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:@"a",@"b",@"c",nil]; NSLog(@"marray = %@",marray3); [marray3 addObject:@"d"];//在后面追加一个元素 [marray3 insertObject:@"e" atIndex:3];//在指定位置添加一个元素 NSLog(@"marray = %@",marray3); [marray3 removeObject:@"e"];//删除指定对象 //数组的遍历 for (int i = 0; i < [marray3 count]; i ++) { NSString *str = [marray3 objectAtIndex:i]; NSLog(@"str = %@",str); }//上面的方法效率很低 for (NSString *str3 in marray3) { NSLog(@"str3 = %@",str3);//在这里面不能修改数组的元素,无论增删改 }// for in实际上是快速枚举，跟for循环意义上还是有区别的。// NSArray的枚举操作中有一条需要注意：对于可变数组进行枚举操作时，你不能通过添加或删除对象这类操作来改变数组容器。如果你这么做了，枚举器会很困惑，而你将得到未定义的结果。 //字典 //字典是以键值对的形式存在的，并且键值是成对出现的，不会单独只有键或只有值（字典的打印使用{}，表示的） //初始化一个字典 NSDictionary *dic1 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"a",@"k1",@"b",@"k2",@"c",@"k3", nil]; NSLog(@"dic1 = %@",dic1);//必须成对初始化 //输出字典的数量 NSLog(@"这个字典的数量 = %lu",[dic1 count]);//%ld 也可以输出 //获取全部的key和object NSArray *keyarray=[dic1 allKeys]; NSArray *valuearray=[dic1 allValues]; NSLog(@"keyarray=%@,valuearray=%@",keyarray,valuearray); //可变字典 NSMutableDictionary *mdic=[[NSMutableDictionary alloc]initWithObjectsAndKeys:@"iphone",@"k1",@"ipad",@"k2",@"pro",@"k3",@"ari",@"k4", nil]; NSLog(@"mdic=%@",mdic); //把一个字典添加到另外一个字典后面 NSDictionary *dic4=[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"mini" forKey:@"k5"]; //可变字典的追加 [mdic addEntriesFromDictionary:dic4]; //直接添加键值对 [mdic setValue:@"ipod" forKey:@"k6"]; //通过key删除指定的value [mdic removeObjectForKey:@"k6"]; //删除所有// [mdic removeAllObjects];// NSLog(@"mdic=%@",mdic); //批量删除一个字典内容 NSArray *arrayk=[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"k3",@"k4",@"k5", nil]; [mdic removeObjectsForKeys:arrayk]; NSLog(@"mdic=%@",mdic); //----字典的遍历-----//从后面开始遍历 for (id key in mdic) { id object = [mdic objectForKey:key]; NSLog(@"value = %@",object); } //NSSet集合 //NSSet集合跟数组差不多,只不过集合中不能存放相同的对象.是一组单值对象的集合,并且被存入集 中的元素是无序的,同样也有NSMutableSet和NSSet; NSSet *set1 = [[NSSet alloc] initWithObjects:@"aaa",@"bbb",@"ccc", nil]; NSSet *set2 = [[NSSet alloc] initWithObjects:@"aaa",@"bbb", nil]; NSLog(@"set1 = %@",set1);//打印形式set = {()} //判断一个集合时候包含某个元素 BOOL isContain1 = [set1 containsObject:@"aaa"]; NSLog(@"isContain1 = %d",isContain1); //判断集合是否有交集 BOOL isIntersert = [set1 intersectsSet:set2]; NSLog(@"isIntersert = %d",isIntersert); //判断集合中得元素是否一样 BOOL isEqual = [set2 isEqualToSet:set1]; NSLog(@"isEqual = %d",isEqual); //判断set1是否为set2的子集 BOOL isSubSet = [set2 isSubsetOfSet:set1]; NSLog(@"isSubSet = %d",isSubSet); //向一个集合中追加一个元素 NSSet *set3 = [set1 setByAddingObject:@"ddd"]; NSLog(@"set3 = %@",set3); NSMutableSet *set4 = [NSMutableSet setWithObjects:@"1",@"2", nil]; NSMutableSet *set5 = [NSMutableSet setWithObjects:@"1",@"3", nil]; [set4 intersectSet:set5];//并集 set4 = {(1)} NSLog(@"set4 = %@",set4); [set4 unionSet:set5]; NSLog(@"set4 = %@",set4); //[set4 minusSet:set5];//set4将去除set5中相同的元素 //NSLog(@"set4 = %@",set4); return 0;}
