WebBrowser知识
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WebBrowser知识
WebBrowser知识
Q: What is WebBrowser?
A: The WebBrowser is Microsoft's Internet Explorer in the form of an ActiveX control. It can be imported into the Delphi IDE and dropped on a form like any other component. Therefore, you can harness the power of Internet Explorer to turn your Delphi application into a customized browser.
Q: Where can I get documentation on the WebBrowser?
A: For more information, visit the WebBrowser overview section of the Microsoft site and the WebBrowser object page.
Q: How can I use the WebBrowser component in my Delphi application?
A: You must have Internet Explorer installed on your system. From the menu in the Delphi IDE, select "Component - Import ActiveX Control". Select "Microsoft Internet Controls" and add it to a new or existing package. Delphi will generate a ShDocVw_TLB.pas file and add the WebBrowser component to the component palette's ActiveX tab.
Q: I see 2 components on my component palette's ActiveX tab, WebBrowser and WebBrowser_V1. Which one do I use?
A: If you have 2 components then you are using IE 4.x or greater and WebBrowser is IE 4.x and WebBrowser_V1 is IE 3.x. If you only have one component, then WebBrowser is IE 3.x.
Q: How can I determine which version of IE is installed on a target machine?
A: Information is available on the Microsoft site.
Q: How do I Print?
A: There are a couple of ways to print. The first example works in IE 4.x and up, but you'll have to use the second example in IE 3.x:
var
vaIn, vaOut: OleVariant;
...
WebBrowser.ControlInterface.ExecWB(OLECMDID_PRINT, OLECMDEXECOPT_DONTPROMPTUSER, vaIn, vaOut);
or
procedure TForm1.PrintIE;
var
CmdTarget : IOleCommandTarget;
vaIn, vaOut: OleVariant;
begin
if WebBrowser1.Document nil then
try
WebBrowser1.Document.QueryInterface(IOleCommandTarget, CmdTarget);
if CmdTarget nil then
try
CmdTarget.Exec( PGuid(nil), OLECMDID_PRINT, OLECMDEXECOPT_DONTPROMPTUSER, vaIn, vaOut);
finally
CmdTarget._Release;
end;
except
// Nothing
end;
end;
Note: If you're not using Delphi 3.02 or higher, you'll have to change
PGuid(nil)
to
PGuid(nil)^
. And you really should upgrade to 3.02, if you're using 3.0 or 3.01.
Q: How do I invoke the Find, Option or View Source options?
A: Here's a code sample for invoking the Find dialog:
const
HTMLID_FIND = 1;
HTMLID_VIEWSOURCE = 2;
HTMLID_OPTIONS = 3;
...
procedure TForm1.FindIE;
const
CGID_WebBrowser: TGUID = '{ED016940-BD5B-11cf-BA4E-00C04FD70816}';
var
CmdTarget : IOleCommandTarget;
vaIn, vaOut: OleVariant;
PtrGUID: PGUID;
begin
New(PtrGUID);
PtrGUID^ := CGID_WebBrowser;
if WebBrowser1.Document nil then
try
WebBrowser1.Document.QueryInterface(IOleCommandTarget, CmdTarget);
if CmdTarget nil then
try
CmdTarget.Exec( PtrGUID, HTMLID_FIND, 0, vaIn, vaOut);
finally
CmdTarget._Release;
end;
except
// Nothing
end;
Dispose(PtrGUID);
end;
Q: How do I disable the right-click popup menu?
A: You have to implement the IDocHostUIHandler interface. You'll need these two files: ieConst.pas and IEDocHostUIHandler.pas. In the ShowContextMenu method of the IDocHostUIHandler interface, you have to change the return value from E_NOTIMPL to S_OK and the menu will not appear on a right-click. Add the two units mentioned above to your Uses clause and implement the following code:
...
var
Form1: TForm1;
FDocHostUIHandler: TDocHostUIHandler;
...
implementation
...
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
FDocHostUIHandler := TDocHostUIHandler.Create;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
begin
FDocHostUIHandler.Free;
end;
procedure TForm1.WebBrowser1NavigateComplete2(Sender: TObject;
pDisp: IDispatch; var URL: OleVariant);
var
hr: HResult;
CustDoc: ICustomDoc;
begin
hr := WebBrowser1.Document.QueryInterface(ICustomDoc, CustDoc);
if hr = S_OK then
CustDoc.SetUIHandler(FDocHostUIHandler);
end;
Q: How do I load a string into the WebBrowser without Navigating to a file?
A: Load the string into a Variant array and then write to the Document:
...
var
v: Variant;
HTMLDocument: IHTMLDocument2;
begin
HTMLDocument := WebBrowser1.Document as IHTMLDocument2;
v := VarArrayCreate([0, 0], varVariant);
v[0] := HTMLString; // Here's your HTML string
HTMLDocument.Write(PSafeArray(TVarData(v).VArray));
HTMLDocument.Close;
...
end;
...
This tip provided by Ron Loewy
Q: How do I load a stream into the WebBrowser without Navigating to a file?
A: Here's some sample code:
function TForm1.LoadFromStream(const AStream: TStream): HRESULT;
begin
AStream.seek(0, 0);
Result := (WebBrowser1.Document as IPersistStreamInit).Load(TStreamAdapter.Create(AStream));
end;
This tip provided by Per Larsen
Q: How do I use the "about:" protocol?
A: The "about:" protocol will let you Navigate to an HTML string:
procedure TForm1.LoadHTMLString(sHTML: String);
var
Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers: OleVariant;
begin
WebBrowser1.Navigate('about:' + sHTML, Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers)
end;
Q: How do I use the "res:" protocol?
A: The "res:" protocol will let you Navigate to an HTML file stored as a resource. More informations is available from the Microsoft site:
procedure TForm1.LoadHTMLResource;
var
Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers: OleVariant;
begin
WebBrowser1.Navigate('res://' + Application.ExeName + '/myhtml', Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers)
end;
Create a resource file (*.rc) with the following code and compile it with brcc32.exe:
MYHTML 23 "./html/myhtml.htm"
MOREHTML 23 "./html/morehtml.htm"
Edit your project file so that it looks like this:
{$R *.RES}
{$R HTML.RES} //where html.rc was compiled into html.res
Q: How can I get the full HTML source?
A: With IE5, you can get the source by using the HTML tags outerHTML property. With IE4 or IE3, you have to save the document to a file and then load the file into a TMemo, TStrings, etc.
var
HTMLDocument: IHTMLDocument2;
PersistFile: IPersistFile;
begin
...
HTMLDocument := WebBrowser1.Document as IHTMLDocument2;
PersistFile := HTMLDocument as IPersistFile;
PersistFile.Save(StringToOleStr('test.htm'), True);
while HTMLDocument.readyState 'complete' do
Application.ProcessMessages;
...
end;
This tip provided by Ron Loewy
Note: You have to import the MSHTML type library and include the resulting MSHTML_TLB, as well as ActiveX, in your Uses clause.
Q: How can I pass PostData when I Navigate to a URL?
A: I call the below method with a URL destination, PostData in the format of 'animal=cat etc. and the TWebBrowser object that I want to load the URL inside of...
procedure TDBModule.Navigate(stURL, stPostData: String; var wbWebBrowser: TWebBrowser);
var
vWebAddr, vPostData, vFlags, vFrame, vHeaders: OleVariant;
iLoop: Integer;
begin
{Are we posting data to this Url?}
if Length(stPostData) 0 then
begin
{Require this header information if there is stPostData.}
vHeaders:= 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded'+ #10#13#0;
{Set the variant type for the vPostData.}
vPostData:= VarArrayCreate([0, Length(stPostData)], varByte);
for iLoop := 0 to Length(stPostData)- 1 do // Iterate
begin
vPostData[iLoop]:= Ord(stPostData[iLoop+ 1]);
end; // for
{Final terminating Character.}
vPostData[Length(stPostData)]:= 0;
{Set the type of Variant, cast}
TVarData(vPostData).vType:= varArray;
end;
{And the other stuff.}
vWebAddr:= stURL;
{Make the call Rex.}
wbWebBrowser.Navigate2(vWebAddr, vFlags, vFrame, vPostData, vHeaders);
end; {End of Navigate procedure.}
This tip provided by Craig Foley based on techniques from Nathan Wilhelmi's Usenet posting to borland.public.delphi.internet on the 31/1/99
A: Here's another option:
procedure TForm1.SubmitPostForm;
var
strPostData: string;
Data: Pointer;
URL, Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers: OleVariant;
begin
{
submit this html form: -- method="post" action="http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/register.pl" type="text" name="FIRSTNAME" value="Hans" type="text" name="LASTNAME" value="Gulo" type="text" name="NOTE" value="thats it" type="submit" }
strPostData := 'FIRSTNAME=Hans PostData := VarArrayCreate([0, Length(strPostData) - 1], varByte);
Data := VarArrayLock(PostData);
try
Move(strPostData[1], Data^, Length(strPostData));
finally
VarArrayUnlock(PostData);
end;
URL := 'http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/register.pl';
Flags := EmptyParam;
TargetFrameName := EmptyParam;
Headers := EmptyParam; // TWebBrowser will see that we are providing
// post data and then should automatically fill
// this Headers with appropriate value
WebBrowser1.Navigate2(URL, Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers);
end;
This tip provided by Hans Gulo.
Q: How can I make WebBrowser flat instead of 3D?
A: Here's a code sample to set the Body's borderStyle:
procedure TForm1.WBDocumentComplete(Sender: TObject; const pDisp: IDispatch; var URL: OleVariant);
var
Doc : IHTMLDocument2;
Element : IHTMLElement;
begin
Doc := IHTMLDocument2(TWebBrowser(Sender).Document);
if Doc = nil then
Exit;
Element := Doc.body;
if Element = nil then
Exit;
case Make_Flat of
TRUE : Element.style.borderStyle := 'none';
FALSE : Element.style.borderStyle := '';
end;
end;
This tip provided by Donovan J. Edye
Q: How can I save a web page to a bitmap?
A: Here's a code sample:
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
ViewObject: IViewObject;
sourceDrawRect: TRect;
begin
if EmbeddedWB1.Document nil then
try
EmbeddedWB1.Document.QueryInterface(IViewObject, ViewObject);
if ViewObject nil then
try
sourceDrawRect := Rect(0, 0, Image1.Width, Image1.Height);
ViewObject.Draw(DVASPECT_CONTENT, 1, nil, nil, Self.Handle,
image1.Canvas.Handle, @sourceDrawRect, nil, nil, 0);
finally
ViewObject._Release;
end;
except
end;
end;
This tip provided by John
Q: How can I save a web page to a bitmap?
A: Here's a code sample:
procedure generateJPEGfromBrowser(browser: iWebBrowser2; jpegFQFilename: String;
srcHeight: Integer; srcWidth: Integer; tarHeight: Integer; tarWidth: Integer);
var
sourceDrawRect : TRect;
targetDrawRect: TRect;
sourceBitmap: TBitmap;
targetBitmap: TBitmap;
jpeg: TJPEGImage;
viewObject: IViewObject;
begin
sourceBitmap := TBitmap.Create ;
targetBitmap := TBitmap.Create ;
jpeg := TJPEGImage.Create ;
try
try
sourceDrawRect := Rect(0,0, srcWidth , srcHeight );
sourceBitmap.Width := srcWidth ;
sourceBitmap.Height := srcHeight ;
viewObject := browser as IViewObject;
if viewObject = nil then
Exit;
OleCheck(viewObject.Draw(DVASPECT_CONTENT, 1, nil, nil, self.Handle,
sourceBitmap.Canvas.Handle, @sourceDrawRect, nil, nil, 0));
// Resize the src bitmap to the target bitmap
targetDrawRect := Rect(0,0, tarWidth, tarHeight);
targetBitmap.Height := tarHeight;
targetBitmap.Width := tarWidth;
targetBitmap.Canvas.StretchDraw(targetDrawRect, sourceBitmap);
// Create a JPEG from the Bitmap and save it
jpeg.Assign(targetBitmap) ;
makeFileWriteable(jpegFQFilename);
jpeg.SaveToFile (jpegFQFilename);
finally
jpeg.free;
sourceBitmap.free ;
targetBitmap.free;
end;
except
// Error Code
end;
end;
This tip provided by Donall Burns
Q: What is DOM?
A: The Document Object Model is a platform- and language-neutral interface that will allow programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of documents. The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented page.
Q: Where can I get documentation on the DOM?
A: There's an overview of DOM-related materials at the W3C site and an FAQ. Check the Document object on the Microsoft site for the DOM implementation in IE 4 5.
Q: How can I iterate through all frames currently shown in the WebBrowser?
A: This sample code shows how to interate through all frames in order to test whether the 'copy' command is enabled:
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
i: integer;
begin
for i := 0 to (WebBrowser1.OleObject.Document.frames.Length - 1) do
if WebBrowser1.OleObject.Document.frames.item(i).document.queryCommandEnabled('Copy') then
ShowMessage('copy command is enabled for frame no.' + IntToStr(i));
end;
This tip provided by Peter Friese
Q: How can I iterate through all the cells of a
A: This sample code shows how to interate through all the cells of a table, adding the contents of each cell to a TMemo:
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
i, j: integer;
ovTable: OleVariant;
begin
ovTable := WebBrowser1.OleObject.Document.all.tags('TABLE').item(0); // I'm using the first TABLE on the page as an example only
for i := 0 to (ovTable.Rows.Length - 1) do
begin
for j := 0 to (ovTable.Rows.Item(i).Cells.Length - 1) do
begin
Memo1.Lines.Add(ovTable.Rows.Item(i).Cells.Item(j).InnerText;
end;
end;
end;
Q: Paste works fine, but Cut and Copy won't work. What's the problem?
A: You have to add the following line to the bottom of your unit:
initialization
OleInitialize(nil);
finalization
OleUninitialize;
Q: ShortCut (Ctrl-C, Ctrl-O, etc.) and Delete keys have no effect. What's the problem?
A: It's not a bug, it's a feature. There's information about this in a Microsoft KnowledgeBase article Q168777. The code below should fix the problem:
...
var
Form1: TForm1;
FOleInPlaceActiveObject: IOleInPlaceActiveObject;
SaveMessageHandler: TMessageEvent;
...
implementation
...
procedure TForm1.FormActivate(Sender: TObject);
begin
SaveMessageHandler := Application.OnMessage;
Application.OnMessage := MyMessageHandler;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormDeactivate(Sender: TObject);
begin
Application.OnMessage := SaveMessageHandler;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
begin
Application.OnMessage := SaveMessageHandler;
FOleInPlaceActiveObject := nil;
end;
procedure TForm1.MyMessageHandler(var Msg: TMsg; var Handled: Boolean);
var
iOIPAO: IOleInPlaceActiveObject;
Dispatch: IDispatch;
begin
{ exit if we don't get back a webbrowser object }
if WebBrowser = nil then
begin
Handled := False;
Exit;
end;
Handled:=(IsDialogMessage(WebBrowser.Handle, Msg) = True);
if (Handled) and (not WebBrowser.Busy) then
begin
if FOleInPlaceActiveObject = nil then
begin
Dispatch := WebBrowser.Application;
if Dispatch nil then
begin
Dispatch.QueryInterface(IOleInPlaceActiveObject, iOIPAO);
if iOIPAO nil then
FOleInPlaceActiveObject := iOIPAO;
end;
end;
if FOleInPlaceActiveObject nil then
if ((Msg.message = WM_KEYDOWN) or (Msg.message = WM_KEYUP)) and
((Msg.wParam = VK_BACK) or (Msg.wParam = VK_LEFT) or (Msg.wParam = VK_RIGHT)) then
//nothing - do not pass on Backspace, Left or Right arrows
else
FOleInPlaceActiveObject.TranslateAccelerator(Msg);
end;
end;
发表者 midpoint at 10:17 下午 0 评论
标签： 编程人生
TWebBrowser编程简述
１、初始化和终止化（Initialization inalization）
大家在执行TWebBrowser的某个方法以进行期望的操作，如ExecWB等的时候可能都碰到过“试图激活未注册的丢失目标”或“OLE对象未注册”等错误，或者并没有出错但是得不到希望的结果，比如不能将选中的网页内容复制到剪贴板等。以前用它编程的时候，我发现ExecWB有时侯起作用但有时侯又不行，在Delphi生成的缺省工程主窗口上加入TWebBrowser，运行时并不会出现“OLE对象未注册”的错误。同样是一个偶然的机会，我才知道OLE对象需要初始化和终止化（懂得的东东实在太少了）。
我用我的前一篇文章《Delphi程序窗口动画 />
initialization
OleInitialize(nil);
finalization
try
OleUninitialize;
except
end;
这几句话放在主窗口所有语句之后，“end.”之前。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
２、EmptyParam
在Delphi 5中TWebBrowser的Navigate方法被多次重载：
procedure Navigate(const URL: WideString); overload;
procedure Navigate(const URL: WideString; var Flags: OleVariant); overload;
procedure Navigate(const URL: WideString; var Flags: OleVariant; var TargetFrameName: OleVariant); overload;
procedure Navigate(const URL: WideString; var Flags: OleVariant; var TargetFrameName: OleVariant; var PostData: OleVariant); overload;
procedure Navigate(const URL: WideString; var Flags: OleVariant; var TargetFrameName: OleVariant; var PostData: OleVariant; var Headers: OleVariant); overload;
而在实际应用中，使用后几种方法调用时，由于我们很少用到后面几个参数，但函数声明又要求是变量参数，一般的做法如下：
var
t:OleVariant;
begin
webbrowser1.Navigate(edit1.text,t,t,t,t);
end;
需要定义变量t（还有很多地方要用到它），很麻烦。其实我们可以用EmptyParam来代替（EmptyParam是一个公用的Variant空变量，不要对它赋值），只需一句话就可以了：
webbrowser1.Navigate(edit1.text,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam);
虽然长一点，但比每次都定义变量方便得多。当然，也可以使用第一种方式。
webbrowser1.Navigate(edit1.text)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
３、命令操作
常用的命令操作用ExecWB方法即可完成，ExecWB同样多次被重载：
procedure ExecWB(cmdID: OLECMDID; cmdexecopt: OLECMDEXECOPT); overload;
procedure ExecWB(cmdID: OLECMDID; cmdexecopt: OLECMDEXECOPT; var pvaIn:
OleVariant); overload;
procedure ExecWB(cmdID: rOLECMDID; cmdexecopt: OLECMDEXECOPT; var pvaIn:
OleVariant; var pvaOut: OleVariant); overload;
打开： 弹出“打开Internet地址”对话框，CommandID为OLECMDID_OPEN（若浏览器版本为IE5.0，
则此命令不可用）。
另存为：调用“另存为”对话框。
ExecWB(OLECMDID_SAVEAS,OLECMDEXECOPT_DODEFAULT, EmptyParam,
EmptyParam);
打印、打印预览和页面设置： 调用“打印”、“打印预览”和“页面设置”对话框（IE5.5及以上版本才支持打
印预览，故实现应该检查此命令是否可用）。
ExecWB(OLECMDID_PRINT, OLECMDEXECOPT_DODEFAULT, EmptyParam,
EmptyParam);
if QueryStatusWB(OLECMDID_PRINTPREVIEW)=3 then
ExecWB(OLECMDID_PRINTPREVIEW, OLECMDEXECOPT_DODEFAULT,
EmptyParam,EmptyParam);
ExecWB(OLECMDID_PAGESETUP, OLECMDEXECOPT_DODEFAULT, EmptyParam,
EmptyParam);
剪切、复制、粘贴、全选： 功能无须多说，需要注意的是：剪切和粘贴不仅对编辑框文字，而且对网页上的非编
辑框文字同样有效，用得好的话，也许可以做出功能特殊的东东。获得其命令使能状
态和执行命令的方法有两种（以复制为例，剪切、粘贴和全选分别将各自的关键字替
换即可，分别为CUT,PASTE和SELECTALL）：
A、用TWebBrowser的QueryStatusWB方法。
if(QueryStatusWB(OLECMDID_COPY)=OLECMDF_ENABLED) or
OLECMDF_SUPPORTED) then
ExecWB(OLECMDID_COPY, OLECMDEXECOPT_DODEFAULT, EmptyParam,
EmptyParam);
B、用IHTMLDocument2的QueryCommandEnabled方法。
var
Doc: IHTMLDocument2;
begin
Doc :=WebBrowser1.Document as IHTMLDocument2;
if Doc.QueryCommandEnabled('Copy') then
Doc.ExecCommand('Copy',false,EmptyParam);
end;
查找： 参考第九条“查找”功能。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
４、字体大小
类似“字体”菜单上的从“最大”到“最小”五项（对应整数0～4，Largest等假设为五个菜单项的名字，Tag 属性分别设为0～4）。
A、读取当前页面字体大小。
var
t: OleVariant;
Begin
WebBrowser1.ExecWB(OLECMDID_ZOOM, OLECMDEXECOPT_DONTPROMPTUSER,
EmptyParam,t);
case t of
4: Largest.Checked :=true;
3: Larger.Checked :=true;
2: Middle.Checked :=true;
1: Small.Checked :=true;
0: Smallest.Checked :=true;
end;
end;
B、设置页面字体大小。
Largest.Checked :=false;
Larger.Checked :=false;
Middle.Checked :=false;
Small.Checked :=false;
Smallest.Checked :=false;
TMenuItem(Sender).Checked :=true;
t :=TMenuItem(Sender).Tag;
WebBrowser1.ExecWB(OLECMDID_ZOOM, OLECMDEXECOPT_DONTPROMPTUSER,
t,t);
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
５、添加到收藏夹和整理收藏夹
const
CLSID_ShellUIHelper: TGUID = '{64AB4BB7-111E-11D1-8F79-00C04FC2FBE1}';
var
p:procedure(Handle: THandle; Path: PChar); stdcall;
procedure TForm1.OrganizeFavorite(Sender: Tobject);
var
H: HWnd;
begin
H := LoadLibrary(PChar('shdocvw.dll'));
if H 0 then
begin
p := GetProcAddress(H, PChar('DoOrganizeFavDlg'));
if Assigned(p) then p(Application.Handle, PChar(FavFolder));
end;
FreeLibrary(h);
end;
procedure TForm1.AddFavorite(Sender: TObject);
var
ShellUIHelper: ISHellUIHelper;
url, title: Olevariant;
begin
Title := Webbrowser1.LocationName;
Url := Webbrowser1.LocationUrl;
if Url '' then
begin
ShellUIHelper := CreateComObject(CLSID_SHELLUIHELPER) as IShellUIHelper;
ShellUIHelper.AddFavorite(url, title);
end;
end;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
６、使WebBrowser获得焦点
TWebBrowser非常特殊，它从TWinControl继承来的SetFocus方法并不能使得它所包含的文档获得焦点，从而不能立即使用Internet Explorer本身具有得快捷键，解决方法如下： />
procedure TForm1.SetFocusToDoc;
begin
if WebBrowser1.Document nil then
with WebBrowser1.Application as IOleobject do
DoVerb(OLEIVERB_UIACTIVATE, nil, WebBrowser1, 0, Handle, GetClientRect);
end;
除此之外，我还找到一种更简单的方法，这里一并列出：
if WebBrowser1.Document nil then
IHTMLWindow2(IHTMLDocument2(WebBrowser1.Document).ParentWindow).focus
刚找到了更简单的方法，也许是最简单的：
if WebBrowser1.Document nil then
IHTMLWindow4(WebBrowser1.Document).focus
还有，需要判断文档是否获得焦点这样来做：
if IHTMLWindow4(WebBrowser1.Document).hasfocus then
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
７、点击“提交”按钮
如同程序里每个窗体上有一个“缺省”按钮一样，Web页面上的每个Form也有一个“缺省”按钮——即属性为“Submit”的按钮，当用户按下回车键时就相当于鼠标单击了“Submit”。但是TWebBrowser似乎并不响应回车键，并且，即使把包含TWebBrowser的窗体的 KeyPreview设为True，在窗体的KeyPress事件里还是不能截获用户向TWebBrowser发出的按键。
我的解决办法是用 ApplicatinEvents构件或者自己编写TApplication对象的OnMessage事件，在其中判断消息类型，对键盘消息做出响应。至于点击“提交”按钮，可以通过分析网页源代码的方法来实现，不过我找到了更为简单快捷的方法，有两种，第一种是我自己想出来的，另一种是别人写的代码，这里都提供给大家，以做参考。
A、用SendKeys函数向WebBrowser发送回车键
在Delphi 5光盘上的Info/Extras/SendKeys目录下有一个SndKey32.pas文件，其中包含了两个函数SendKeys和 AppActivate，我们可以用SendKeys函数来向WebBrowser发送回车键，我现在用的就是这个方法，使用很简单，在 WebBrowser获得焦点的情况下（不要求WebBrowser所包含的文档获得焦点），用一条语句即可：
Sendkeys('~',true);// press RETURN key
SendKeys函数的详细参数说明等，均包含在SndKey32.pas文件中。
B、在OnMessage事件中将接受到的键盘消息传递给WebBrowser。
procedure TForm1.ApplicationEvents1Message(var Msg: TMsg; var Handled: Boolean);
{fixes the malfunction of some keys within webbrowser control}
const
StdKeys = [VK_TAB, VK_RETURN]; { standard keys }
ExtKeys = [VK_DELETE, VK_BACK, VK_LEFT, VK_RIGHT]; { extended keys }
fExtended = $01000000; { extended key flag }
begin
Handled := False;
with Msg do
if ((Message WM_KEYFIRST) and (Message WM_KEYLAST)) and
((wParam in StdKeys) or
{$IFDEF VER120}(GetKeyState(VK_CONTROL) 0) or {$ENDIF}
(wParam in ExtKeys) and
((lParam and fExtended) = fExtended)) then
try
if IsChild(Handle, hWnd) then { handles all browser related messages }
begin
with {$IFDEF VER120}Application_{$ELSE}Application{$ENDIF} as
IOleInPlaceActiveObject do
Handled := TranslateAccelerator(Msg) = S_OK;
if not Handled then
begin
Handled := True;
TranslateMessage(Msg);
DispatchMessage(Msg);
end;
end;
except
end;
end; // MessageHandler
（此方法来自EmbeddedWB.pas）
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
８、直接从TWebBrowser得到网页源码及Html
下面先介绍一种极其简单的得到TWebBrowser正在访问的网页源码的方法。一般方法是利用TWebBrowser控件中的 Document对象提供的IPersistStreamInit接口来实现，具体就是：先检查WebBrowser.Document对象是否有效，无效则退出；然后取得IPersistStreamInit接口，接着取得HTML源码的大小，分配全局堆内存块，建立流，再将HTML文本写到流中。程序虽然不算复杂，但是有更简单的方法，所以实现代码不再给出。其实基本上所有IE的功能TWebBrowser都应该有较为简单的方法来实现，获取网页源码也是一样。下面的代码将网页源码显示在Memo1中。
Memo1.Lines.Add(IHtmlDocument2(WebBrowser1.Document).Body.OuterHtml);
同时，在用TWebBrowser浏览HTML文件的时候要将其保存为文本文件就很简单了，不需要任何的语法解析工具，因为TWebBrowser也完成了，如下：
Memo1.Lines.Add(IHtmlDocument2(WebBrowser1.Document).Body.OuterText);
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
９、“查找”功能
查找对话框可以在文档获得焦点的时候通过按键Ctrl-F来调出，程序中则调用IOleCommandTarget对象的成员函数Exec执行OLECMDID_FIND操作来调用，下面给出的方法是如何在程序中用代码来做出文字选择，即你可以自己设计查找对话框。
var
Doc: IHtmlDocument2;
TxtRange: IHtmlTxtRange;
begin
Doc :=WebBrowser1.Document as IHtmlDocument2;
Doc.SelectAll; //此处为简写，选择全部文档的方法请参见第三条命令操作
//这句话尤为重要，因为IHtmlTxtRange对象的方法能够操作的前提是
//Document已经有一个文字选择区域。由于接着执行下面的语句，所以不会
//看到文档全选的过程。
TxtRange :=Doc.Selection.CreateRange as IHtmlTxtRange;
TxtRange.FindText('Text to be searched',0.0);
TxtRange.Select;
end;
还有，从Txt.Get_text可以得到当前选中的文字内容，某些时候是有用的。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
１０、提取网页中所有链接
这个方法来自大富翁论坛hopfield朋友的对一个问题的回答，我本想自己试验，但总是没成功。
var
doc:IHTMLDocument2;
all:IHTMLElementCollection;
len,i:integer;
item:OleVariant;
begin
doc:=WebBrowser1 .Document as IHTMLDocument2;
all:=doc.Get_links; //doc.Links亦可
len:=all.length;
for i:=0 to len-1 do begin
item:=all.item(i,varempty); //EmpryParam亦可
memo1.lines.add(item.href);
end;
end;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
１１、设置TWebBrowser的编码
为什么我总是错过很多机会？其实早就该想到的，但是一念之差，便即天壤之别。当时我要是肯再多考虑一下，多试验一下，这就不会排到第１１条了。下面给出一个函数，搞定，难以想象的简单。
procedure SetCharSet(AWebBrowser: TWebBrowser; ACharSet: String);
var
RefreshLevel: OleVariant;
Begin
IHTMLDocument2(AWebBrowser.Document).Set_CharSet(ACharSet);
RefreshLevel :=7; //这个7应该从注册表来，帮助有Bug。
AWebBrowser.Refresh2(RefreshLevel);
End;
WebBrowser知识
Q: What is WebBrowser?
A: The WebBrowser is Microsoft's Internet Explorer in the form of an ActiveX control. It can be imported into the Delphi IDE and dropped on a form like any other component. Therefore, you can harness the power of Internet Explorer to turn your Delphi application into a customized browser.
Q: Where can I get documentation on the WebBrowser?
A: For more information, visit the WebBrowser overview section of the Microsoft site and the WebBrowser object page.
Q: How can I use the WebBrowser component in my Delphi application?
A: You must have Internet Explorer installed on your system. From the menu in the Delphi IDE, select "Component - Import ActiveX Control". Select "Microsoft Internet Controls" and add it to a new or existing package. Delphi will generate a ShDocVw_TLB.pas file and add the WebBrowser component to the component palette's ActiveX tab.
Q: I see 2 components on my component palette's ActiveX tab, WebBrowser and WebBrowser_V1. Which one do I use?
A: If you have 2 components then you are using IE 4.x or greater and WebBrowser is IE 4.x and WebBrowser_V1 is IE 3.x. If you only have one component, then WebBrowser is IE 3.x.
Q: How can I determine which version of IE is installed on a target machine?
A: Information is available on the Microsoft site.
Q: How do I Print?
A: There are a couple of ways to print. The first example works in IE 4.x and up, but you'll have to use the second example in IE 3.x:
var
vaIn, vaOut: OleVariant;
...
WebBrowser.ControlInterface.ExecWB(OLECMDID_PRINT, OLECMDEXECOPT_DONTPROMPTUSER, vaIn, vaOut);
or
procedure TForm1.PrintIE;
var
CmdTarget : IOleCommandTarget;
vaIn, vaOut: OleVariant;
begin
if WebBrowser1.Document nil then
try
WebBrowser1.Document.QueryInterface(IOleCommandTarget, CmdTarget);
if CmdTarget nil then
try
CmdTarget.Exec( PGuid(nil), OLECMDID_PRINT, OLECMDEXECOPT_DONTPROMPTUSER, vaIn, vaOut);
finally
CmdTarget._Release;
end;
except
// Nothing
end;
end;
Note: If you're not using Delphi 3.02 or higher, you'll have to change
PGuid(nil)
to
PGuid(nil)^
. And you really should upgrade to 3.02, if you're using 3.0 or 3.01.
Q: How do I invoke the Find, Option or View Source options?
A: Here's a code sample for invoking the Find dialog:
const
HTMLID_FIND = 1;
HTMLID_VIEWSOURCE = 2;
HTMLID_OPTIONS = 3;
...
procedure TForm1.FindIE;
const
CGID_WebBrowser: TGUID = '{ED016940-BD5B-11cf-BA4E-00C04FD70816}';
var
CmdTarget : IOleCommandTarget;
vaIn, vaOut: OleVariant;
PtrGUID: PGUID;
begin
New(PtrGUID);
PtrGUID^ := CGID_WebBrowser;
if WebBrowser1.Document nil then
try
WebBrowser1.Document.QueryInterface(IOleCommandTarget, CmdTarget);
if CmdTarget nil then
try
CmdTarget.Exec( PtrGUID, HTMLID_FIND, 0, vaIn, vaOut);
finally
CmdTarget._Release;
end;
except
// Nothing
end;
Dispose(PtrGUID);
end;
Q: How do I disable the right-click popup menu?
A: You have to implement the IDocHostUIHandler interface. You'll need these two files: ieConst.pas and IEDocHostUIHandler.pas. In the ShowContextMenu method of the IDocHostUIHandler interface, you have to change the return value from E_NOTIMPL to S_OK and the menu will not appear on a right-click. Add the two units mentioned above to your Uses clause and implement the following code:
...
var
Form1: TForm1;
FDocHostUIHandler: TDocHostUIHandler;
...
implementation
...
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
FDocHostUIHandler := TDocHostUIHandler.Create;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
begin
FDocHostUIHandler.Free;
end;
procedure TForm1.WebBrowser1NavigateComplete2(Sender: TObject;
pDisp: IDispatch; var URL: OleVariant);
var
hr: HResult;
CustDoc: ICustomDoc;
begin
hr := WebBrowser1.Document.QueryInterface(ICustomDoc, CustDoc);
if hr = S_OK then
CustDoc.SetUIHandler(FDocHostUIHandler);
end;
Q: How do I load a string into the WebBrowser without Navigating to a file?
A: Load the string into a Variant array and then write to the Document:
...
var
v: Variant;
HTMLDocument: IHTMLDocument2;
begin
HTMLDocument := WebBrowser1.Document as IHTMLDocument2;
v := VarArrayCreate([0, 0], varVariant);
v[0] := HTMLString; // Here's your HTML string
HTMLDocument.Write(PSafeArray(TVarData(v).VArray));
HTMLDocument.Close;
...
end;
...
This tip provided by Ron Loewy
Q: How do I load a stream into the WebBrowser without Navigating to a file?
A: Here's some sample code:
function TForm1.LoadFromStream(const AStream: TStream): HRESULT;
begin
AStream.seek(0, 0);
Result := (WebBrowser1.Document as IPersistStreamInit).Load(TStreamAdapter.Create(AStream));
end;
This tip provided by Per Larsen
Q: How do I use the "about:" protocol?
A: The "about:" protocol will let you Navigate to an HTML string:
procedure TForm1.LoadHTMLString(sHTML: String);
var
Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers: OleVariant;
begin
WebBrowser1.Navigate('about:' + sHTML, Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers)
end;
Q: How do I use the "res:" protocol?
A: The "res:" protocol will let you Navigate to an HTML file stored as a resource. More informations is available from the Microsoft site:
procedure TForm1.LoadHTMLResource;
var
Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers: OleVariant;
begin
WebBrowser1.Navigate('res://' + Application.ExeName + '/myhtml', Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers)
end;
Create a resource file (*.rc) with the following code and compile it with brcc32.exe:
MYHTML 23 "./html/myhtml.htm"
MOREHTML 23 "./html/morehtml.htm"
Edit your project file so that it looks like this:
{$R *.RES}
{$R HTML.RES} //where html.rc was compiled into html.res
Q: How can I get the full HTML source?
A: With IE5, you can get the source by using the HTML tags outerHTML property. With IE4 or IE3, you have to save the document to a file and then load the file into a TMemo, TStrings, etc.
var
HTMLDocument: IHTMLDocument2;
PersistFile: IPersistFile;
begin
...
HTMLDocument := WebBrowser1.Document as IHTMLDocument2;
PersistFile := HTMLDocument as IPersistFile;
PersistFile.Save(StringToOleStr('test.htm'), True);
while HTMLDocument.readyState 'complete' do
Application.ProcessMessages;
...
end;
This tip provided by Ron Loewy
Note: You have to import the MSHTML type library and include the resulting MSHTML_TLB, as well as ActiveX, in your Uses clause.
Q: How can I pass PostData when I Navigate to a URL?
A: I call the below method with a URL destination, PostData in the format of 'animal=cat etc. and the TWebBrowser object that I want to load the URL inside of...
procedure TDBModule.Navigate(stURL, stPostData: String; var wbWebBrowser: TWebBrowser);
var
vWebAddr, vPostData, vFlags, vFrame, vHeaders: OleVariant;
iLoop: Integer;
begin
{Are we posting data to this Url?}
if Length(stPostData) 0 then
begin
{Require this header information if there is stPostData.}
vHeaders:= 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded'+ #10#13#0;
{Set the variant type for the vPostData.}
vPostData:= VarArrayCreate([0, Length(stPostData)], varByte);
for iLoop := 0 to Length(stPostData)- 1 do // Iterate
begin
vPostData[iLoop]:= Ord(stPostData[iLoop+ 1]);
end; // for
{Final terminating Character.}
vPostData[Length(stPostData)]:= 0;
{Set the type of Variant, cast}
TVarData(vPostData).vType:= varArray;
end;
{And the other stuff.}
vWebAddr:= stURL;
{Make the call Rex.}
wbWebBrowser.Navigate2(vWebAddr, vFlags, vFrame, vPostData, vHeaders);
end; {End of Navigate procedure.}
This tip provided by Craig Foley based on techniques from Nathan Wilhelmi's Usenet posting to borland.public.delphi.internet on the 31/1/99
A: Here's another option:
procedure TForm1.SubmitPostForm;
var
strPostData: string;
Data: Pointer;
URL, Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers: OleVariant;
begin
{
submit this html form: -- method="post" action="http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/register.pl" type="text" name="FIRSTNAME" value="Hans" type="text" name="LASTNAME" value="Gulo" type="text" name="NOTE" value="thats it" type="submit" }
strPostData := 'FIRSTNAME=Hans PostData := VarArrayCreate([0, Length(strPostData) - 1], varByte);
Data := VarArrayLock(PostData);
try
Move(strPostData[1], Data^, Length(strPostData));
finally
VarArrayUnlock(PostData);
end;
URL := 'http://127.0.0.1/cgi-bin/register.pl';
Flags := EmptyParam;
TargetFrameName := EmptyParam;
Headers := EmptyParam; // TWebBrowser will see that we are providing
// post data and then should automatically fill
// this Headers with appropriate value
WebBrowser1.Navigate2(URL, Flags, TargetFrameName, PostData, Headers);
end;
This tip provided by Hans Gulo.
Q: How can I make WebBrowser flat instead of 3D?
A: Here's a code sample to set the Body's borderStyle:
procedure TForm1.WBDocumentComplete(Sender: TObject; const pDisp: IDispatch; var URL: OleVariant);
var
Doc : IHTMLDocument2;
Element : IHTMLElement;
begin
Doc := IHTMLDocument2(TWebBrowser(Sender).Document);
if Doc = nil then
Exit;
Element := Doc.body;
if Element = nil then
Exit;
case Make_Flat of
TRUE : Element.style.borderStyle := 'none';
FALSE : Element.style.borderStyle := '';
end;
end;
This tip provided by Donovan J. Edye
Q: How can I save a web page to a bitmap?
A: Here's a code sample:
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
ViewObject: IViewObject;
sourceDrawRect: TRect;
begin
if EmbeddedWB1.Document nil then
try
EmbeddedWB1.Document.QueryInterface(IViewObject, ViewObject);
if ViewObject nil then
try
sourceDrawRect := Rect(0, 0, Image1.Width, Image1.Height);
ViewObject.Draw(DVASPECT_CONTENT, 1, nil, nil, Self.Handle,
image1.Canvas.Handle, @sourceDrawRect, nil, nil, 0);
finally
ViewObject._Release;
end;
except
end;
end;
This tip provided by John
Q: How can I save a web page to a bitmap?
A: Here's a code sample:
procedure generateJPEGfromBrowser(browser: iWebBrowser2; jpegFQFilename: String;
srcHeight: Integer; srcWidth: Integer; tarHeight: Integer; tarWidth: Integer);
var
sourceDrawRect : TRect;
targetDrawRect: TRect;
sourceBitmap: TBitmap;
targetBitmap: TBitmap;
jpeg: TJPEGImage;
viewObject: IViewObject;
begin
sourceBitmap := TBitmap.Create ;
targetBitmap := TBitmap.Create ;
jpeg := TJPEGImage.Create ;
try
try
sourceDrawRect := Rect(0,0, srcWidth , srcHeight );
sourceBitmap.Width := srcWidth ;
sourceBitmap.Height := srcHeight ;
viewObject := browser as IViewObject;
if viewObject = nil then
Exit;
OleCheck(viewObject.Draw(DVASPECT_CONTENT, 1, nil, nil, self.Handle,
sourceBitmap.Canvas.Handle, @sourceDrawRect, nil, nil, 0));
// Resize the src bitmap to the target bitmap
targetDrawRect := Rect(0,0, tarWidth, tarHeight);
targetBitmap.Height := tarHeight;
targetBitmap.Width := tarWidth;
targetBitmap.Canvas.StretchDraw(targetDrawRect, sourceBitmap);
// Create a JPEG from the Bitmap and save it
jpeg.Assign(targetBitmap) ;
makeFileWriteable(jpegFQFilename);
jpeg.SaveToFile (jpegFQFilename);
finally
jpeg.free;
sourceBitmap.free ;
targetBitmap.free;
end;
except
// Error Code
end;
end;
This tip provided by Donall Burns
Q: What is DOM?
A: The Document Object Model is a platform- and language-neutral interface that will allow programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of documents. The document can be further processed and the results of that processing can be incorporated back into the presented page.
Q: Where can I get documentation on the DOM?
A: There's an overview of DOM-related materials at the W3C site and an FAQ. Check the Document object on the Microsoft site for the DOM implementation in IE 4 5.
Q: How can I iterate through all frames currently shown in the WebBrowser?
A: This sample code shows how to interate through all frames in order to test whether the 'copy' command is enabled:
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
i: integer;
begin
for i := 0 to (WebBrowser1.OleObject.Document.frames.Length - 1) do
if WebBrowser1.OleObject.Document.frames.item(i).document.queryCommandEnabled('Copy') then
ShowMessage('copy command is enabled for frame no.' + IntToStr(i));
end;
This tip provided by Peter Friese
Q: How can I iterate through all the cells of a
A: This sample code shows how to interate through all the cells of a table, adding the contents of each cell to a TMemo:
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
i, j: integer;
ovTable: OleVariant;
begin
ovTable := WebBrowser1.OleObject.Document.all.tags('TABLE').item(0); // I'm using the first TABLE on the page as an example only
for i := 0 to (ovTable.Rows.Length - 1) do
begin
for j := 0 to (ovTable.Rows.Item(i).Cells.Length - 1) do
begin
Memo1.Lines.Add(ovTable.Rows.Item(i).Cells.Item(j).InnerText;
end;
end;
end;
Q: Paste works fine, but Cut and Copy won't work. What's the problem?
A: You have to add the following line to the bottom of your unit:
initialization
OleInitialize(nil);
finalization
OleUninitialize;
Q: ShortCut (Ctrl-C, Ctrl-O, etc.) and Delete keys have no effect. What's the problem?
A: It's not a bug, it's a feature. There's information about this in a Microsoft KnowledgeBase article Q168777. The code below should fix the problem:
...
var
Form1: TForm1;
FOleInPlaceActiveObject: IOleInPlaceActiveObject;
SaveMessageHandler: TMessageEvent;
...
implementation
...
procedure TForm1.FormActivate(Sender: TObject);
begin
SaveMessageHandler := Application.OnMessage;
Application.OnMessage := MyMessageHandler;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormDeactivate(Sender: TObject);
begin
Application.OnMessage := SaveMessageHandler;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormClose(Sender: TObject; var Action: TCloseAction);
begin
Application.OnMessage := SaveMessageHandler;
FOleInPlaceActiveObject := nil;
end;
procedure TForm1.MyMessageHandler(var Msg: TMsg; var Handled: Boolean);
var
iOIPAO: IOleInPlaceActiveObject;
Dispatch: IDispatch;
begin
{ exit if we don't get back a webbrowser object }
if WebBrowser = nil then
begin
Handled := False;
Exit;
end;
Handled:=(IsDialogMessage(WebBrowser.Handle, Msg) = True);
if (Handled) and (not WebBrowser.Busy) then
begin
if FOleInPlaceActiveObject = nil then
begin
Dispatch := WebBrowser.Application;
if Dispatch nil then
begin
Dispatch.QueryInterface(IOleInPlaceActiveObject, iOIPAO);
if iOIPAO nil then
FOleInPlaceActiveObject := iOIPAO;
end;
end;
if FOleInPlaceActiveObject nil then
if ((Msg.message = WM_KEYDOWN) or (Msg.message = WM_KEYUP)) and
((Msg.wParam = VK_BACK) or (Msg.wParam = VK_LEFT) or (Msg.wParam = VK_RIGHT)) then
//nothing - do not pass on Backspace, Left or Right arrows
else
FOleInPlaceActiveObject.TranslateAccelerator(Msg);
end;
end;
发表者 midpoint at 10:17 下午 0 评论
标签： 编程人生
TWebBrowser编程简述
１、初始化和终止化（Initialization inalization）
大家在执行TWebBrowser的某个方法以进行期望的操作，如ExecWB等的时候可能都碰到过“试图激活未注册的丢失目标”或“OLE对象未注册”等错误，或者并没有出错但是得不到希望的结果，比如不能将选中的网页内容复制到剪贴板等。以前用它编程的时候，我发现ExecWB有时侯起作用但有时侯又不行，在Delphi生成的缺省工程主窗口上加入TWebBrowser，运行时并不会出现“OLE对象未注册”的错误。同样是一个偶然的机会，我才知道OLE对象需要初始化和终止化（懂得的东东实在太少了）。
我用我的前一篇文章《Delphi程序窗口动画 />
initialization
OleInitialize(nil);
finalization
try
OleUninitialize;
except
end;
这几句话放在主窗口所有语句之后，“end.”之前。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
２、EmptyParam
在Delphi 5中TWebBrowser的Navigate方法被多次重载：
procedure Navigate(const URL: WideString); overload;
procedure Navigate(const URL: WideString; var Flags: OleVariant); overload;
procedure Navigate(const URL: WideString; var Flags: OleVariant; var TargetFrameName: OleVariant); overload;
procedure Navigate(const URL: WideString; var Flags: OleVariant; var TargetFrameName: OleVariant; var PostData: OleVariant); overload;
procedure Navigate(const URL: WideString; var Flags: OleVariant; var TargetFrameName: OleVariant; var PostData: OleVariant; var Headers: OleVariant); overload;
而在实际应用中，使用后几种方法调用时，由于我们很少用到后面几个参数，但函数声明又要求是变量参数，一般的做法如下：
var
t:OleVariant;
begin
webbrowser1.Navigate(edit1.text,t,t,t,t);
end;
需要定义变量t（还有很多地方要用到它），很麻烦。其实我们可以用EmptyParam来代替（EmptyParam是一个公用的Variant空变量，不要对它赋值），只需一句话就可以了：
webbrowser1.Navigate(edit1.text,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam,EmptyParam);
虽然长一点，但比每次都定义变量方便得多。当然，也可以使用第一种方式。
webbrowser1.Navigate(edit1.text)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
３、命令操作
常用的命令操作用ExecWB方法即可完成，ExecWB同样多次被重载：
procedure ExecWB(cmdID: OLECMDID; cmdexecopt: OLECMDEXECOPT); overload;
procedure ExecWB(cmdID: OLECMDID; cmdexecopt: OLECMDEXECOPT; var pvaIn:
OleVariant); overload;
procedure ExecWB(cmdID: rOLECMDID; cmdexecopt: OLECMDEXECOPT; var pvaIn:
OleVariant; var pvaOut: OleVariant); overload;
打开： 弹出“打开Internet地址”对话框，CommandID为OLECMDID_OPEN（若浏览器版本为IE5.0，
则此命令不可用）。
另存为：调用“另存为”对话框。
ExecWB(OLECMDID_SAVEAS,OLECMDEXECOPT_DODEFAULT, EmptyParam,
EmptyParam);
打印、打印预览和页面设置： 调用“打印”、“打印预览”和“页面设置”对话框（IE5.5及以上版本才支持打
印预览，故实现应该检查此命令是否可用）。
ExecWB(OLECMDID_PRINT, OLECMDEXECOPT_DODEFAULT, EmptyParam,
EmptyParam);
if QueryStatusWB(OLECMDID_PRINTPREVIEW)=3 then
ExecWB(OLECMDID_PRINTPREVIEW, OLECMDEXECOPT_DODEFAULT,
EmptyParam,EmptyParam);
ExecWB(OLECMDID_PAGESETUP, OLECMDEXECOPT_DODEFAULT, EmptyParam,
EmptyParam);
剪切、复制、粘贴、全选： 功能无须多说，需要注意的是：剪切和粘贴不仅对编辑框文字，而且对网页上的非编
辑框文字同样有效，用得好的话，也许可以做出功能特殊的东东。获得其命令使能状
态和执行命令的方法有两种（以复制为例，剪切、粘贴和全选分别将各自的关键字替
换即可，分别为CUT,PASTE和SELECTALL）：
A、用TWebBrowser的QueryStatusWB方法。
if(QueryStatusWB(OLECMDID_COPY)=OLECMDF_ENABLED) or
OLECMDF_SUPPORTED) then
ExecWB(OLECMDID_COPY, OLECMDEXECOPT_DODEFAULT, EmptyParam,
EmptyParam);
B、用IHTMLDocument2的QueryCommandEnabled方法。
var
Doc: IHTMLDocument2;
begin
Doc :=WebBrowser1.Document as IHTMLDocument2;
if Doc.QueryCommandEnabled('Copy') then
Doc.ExecCommand('Copy',false,EmptyParam);
end;
查找： 参考第九条“查找”功能。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
４、字体大小
类似“字体”菜单上的从“最大”到“最小”五项（对应整数0～4，Largest等假设为五个菜单项的名字，Tag 属性分别设为0～4）。
A、读取当前页面字体大小。
var
t: OleVariant;
Begin
WebBrowser1.ExecWB(OLECMDID_ZOOM, OLECMDEXECOPT_DONTPROMPTUSER,
EmptyParam,t);
case t of
4: Largest.Checked :=true;
3: Larger.Checked :=true;
2: Middle.Checked :=true;
1: Small.Checked :=true;
0: Smallest.Checked :=true;
end;
end;
B、设置页面字体大小。
Largest.Checked :=false;
Larger.Checked :=false;
Middle.Checked :=false;
Small.Checked :=false;
Smallest.Checked :=false;
TMenuItem(Sender).Checked :=true;
t :=TMenuItem(Sender).Tag;
WebBrowser1.ExecWB(OLECMDID_ZOOM, OLECMDEXECOPT_DONTPROMPTUSER,
t,t);
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
５、添加到收藏夹和整理收藏夹
const
CLSID_ShellUIHelper: TGUID = '{64AB4BB7-111E-11D1-8F79-00C04FC2FBE1}';
var
p:procedure(Handle: THandle; Path: PChar); stdcall;
procedure TForm1.OrganizeFavorite(Sender: Tobject);
var
H: HWnd;
begin
H := LoadLibrary(PChar('shdocvw.dll'));
if H 0 then
begin
p := GetProcAddress(H, PChar('DoOrganizeFavDlg'));
if Assigned(p) then p(Application.Handle, PChar(FavFolder));
end;
FreeLibrary(h);
end;
procedure TForm1.AddFavorite(Sender: TObject);
var
ShellUIHelper: ISHellUIHelper;
url, title: Olevariant;
begin
Title := Webbrowser1.LocationName;
Url := Webbrowser1.LocationUrl;
if Url '' then
begin
ShellUIHelper := CreateComObject(CLSID_SHELLUIHELPER) as IShellUIHelper;
ShellUIHelper.AddFavorite(url, title);
end;
end;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
６、使WebBrowser获得焦点
TWebBrowser非常特殊，它从TWinControl继承来的SetFocus方法并不能使得它所包含的文档获得焦点，从而不能立即使用Internet Explorer本身具有得快捷键，解决方法如下： />
procedure TForm1.SetFocusToDoc;
begin
if WebBrowser1.Document nil then
with WebBrowser1.Application as IOleobject do
DoVerb(OLEIVERB_UIACTIVATE, nil, WebBrowser1, 0, Handle, GetClientRect);
end;
除此之外，我还找到一种更简单的方法，这里一并列出：
if WebBrowser1.Document nil then
IHTMLWindow2(IHTMLDocument2(WebBrowser1.Document).ParentWindow).focus
刚找到了更简单的方法，也许是最简单的：
if WebBrowser1.Document nil then
IHTMLWindow4(WebBrowser1.Document).focus
还有，需要判断文档是否获得焦点这样来做：
if IHTMLWindow4(WebBrowser1.Document).hasfocus then
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
７、点击“提交”按钮
如同程序里每个窗体上有一个“缺省”按钮一样，Web页面上的每个Form也有一个“缺省”按钮——即属性为“Submit”的按钮，当用户按下回车键时就相当于鼠标单击了“Submit”。但是TWebBrowser似乎并不响应回车键，并且，即使把包含TWebBrowser的窗体的 KeyPreview设为True，在窗体的KeyPress事件里还是不能截获用户向TWebBrowser发出的按键。
我的解决办法是用 ApplicatinEvents构件或者自己编写TApplication对象的OnMessage事件，在其中判断消息类型，对键盘消息做出响应。至于点击“提交”按钮，可以通过分析网页源代码的方法来实现，不过我找到了更为简单快捷的方法，有两种，第一种是我自己想出来的，另一种是别人写的代码，这里都提供给大家，以做参考。
A、用SendKeys函数向WebBrowser发送回车键
在Delphi 5光盘上的Info/Extras/SendKeys目录下有一个SndKey32.pas文件，其中包含了两个函数SendKeys和 AppActivate，我们可以用SendKeys函数来向WebBrowser发送回车键，我现在用的就是这个方法，使用很简单，在 WebBrowser获得焦点的情况下（不要求WebBrowser所包含的文档获得焦点），用一条语句即可：
Sendkeys('~',true);// press RETURN key
SendKeys函数的详细参数说明等，均包含在SndKey32.pas文件中。
B、在OnMessage事件中将接受到的键盘消息传递给WebBrowser。
procedure TForm1.ApplicationEvents1Message(var Msg: TMsg; var Handled: Boolean);
{fixes the malfunction of some keys within webbrowser control}
const
StdKeys = [VK_TAB, VK_RETURN]; { standard keys }
ExtKeys = [VK_DELETE, VK_BACK, VK_LEFT, VK_RIGHT]; { extended keys }
fExtended = $01000000; { extended key flag }
begin
Handled := False;
with Msg do
if ((Message WM_KEYFIRST) and (Message WM_KEYLAST)) and
((wParam in StdKeys) or
{$IFDEF VER120}(GetKeyState(VK_CONTROL) 0) or {$ENDIF}
(wParam in ExtKeys) and
((lParam and fExtended) = fExtended)) then
try
if IsChild(Handle, hWnd) then { handles all browser related messages }
begin
with {$IFDEF VER120}Application_{$ELSE}Application{$ENDIF} as
IOleInPlaceActiveObject do
Handled := TranslateAccelerator(Msg) = S_OK;
if not Handled then
begin
Handled := True;
TranslateMessage(Msg);
DispatchMessage(Msg);
end;
end;
except
end;
end; // MessageHandler
（此方法来自EmbeddedWB.pas）
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
８、直接从TWebBrowser得到网页源码及Html
下面先介绍一种极其简单的得到TWebBrowser正在访问的网页源码的方法。一般方法是利用TWebBrowser控件中的 Document对象提供的IPersistStreamInit接口来实现，具体就是：先检查WebBrowser.Document对象是否有效，无效则退出；然后取得IPersistStreamInit接口，接着取得HTML源码的大小，分配全局堆内存块，建立流，再将HTML文本写到流中。程序虽然不算复杂，但是有更简单的方法，所以实现代码不再给出。其实基本上所有IE的功能TWebBrowser都应该有较为简单的方法来实现，获取网页源码也是一样。下面的代码将网页源码显示在Memo1中。
Memo1.Lines.Add(IHtmlDocument2(WebBrowser1.Document).Body.OuterHtml);
同时，在用TWebBrowser浏览HTML文件的时候要将其保存为文本文件就很简单了，不需要任何的语法解析工具，因为TWebBrowser也完成了，如下：
Memo1.Lines.Add(IHtmlDocument2(WebBrowser1.Document).Body.OuterText);
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
９、“查找”功能
查找对话框可以在文档获得焦点的时候通过按键Ctrl-F来调出，程序中则调用IOleCommandTarget对象的成员函数Exec执行OLECMDID_FIND操作来调用，下面给出的方法是如何在程序中用代码来做出文字选择，即你可以自己设计查找对话框。
var
Doc: IHtmlDocument2;
TxtRange: IHtmlTxtRange;
begin
Doc :=WebBrowser1.Document as IHtmlDocument2;
Doc.SelectAll; //此处为简写，选择全部文档的方法请参见第三条命令操作
//这句话尤为重要，因为IHtmlTxtRange对象的方法能够操作的前提是
//Document已经有一个文字选择区域。由于接着执行下面的语句，所以不会
//看到文档全选的过程。
TxtRange :=Doc.Selection.CreateRange as IHtmlTxtRange;
TxtRange.FindText('Text to be searched',0.0);
TxtRange.Select;
end;
还有，从Txt.Get_text可以得到当前选中的文字内容，某些时候是有用的。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
１０、提取网页中所有链接
这个方法来自大富翁论坛hopfield朋友的对一个问题的回答，我本想自己试验，但总是没成功。
var
doc:IHTMLDocument2;
all:IHTMLElementCollection;
len,i:integer;
item:OleVariant;
begin
doc:=WebBrowser1 .Document as IHTMLDocument2;
all:=doc.Get_links; //doc.Links亦可
len:=all.length;
for i:=0 to len-1 do begin
item:=all.item(i,varempty); //EmpryParam亦可
memo1.lines.add(item.href);
end;
end;
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
１１、设置TWebBrowser的编码
为什么我总是错过很多机会？其实早就该想到的，但是一念之差，便即天壤之别。当时我要是肯再多考虑一下，多试验一下，这就不会排到第１１条了。下面给出一个函数，搞定，难以想象的简单。
procedure SetCharSet(AWebBrowser: TWebBrowser; ACharSet: String);
var
RefreshLevel: OleVariant;
Begin
IHTMLDocument2(AWebBrowser.Document).Set_CharSet(ACharSet);
RefreshLevel :=7; //这个7应该从注册表来，帮助有Bug。
AWebBrowser.Refresh2(RefreshLevel);
End;
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