Android开发、测试持续集成环境Jenkins搭建

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传统java项目开发都会利用maven、ant在hudson、jenkins中持续集成，开发、测试、每日构建，保证代码质量。maven默认不支持android，但是我们可以利用maven-android-plugin插件来让maven支持android。

环境

jdk 1.6及以上
Android sdk(r21及以上),最好是最高版本，最好也安装一下ndk
Maven 3.0.3及以上，貌似3.1.0不好使，最好使用3.0.5版
设置ANDROID_HOME环境变量，将$ANDROID_HOME/tools、$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools加入到环境变量中

测试环境

下载示例程序，通过跑这些程序，可以检测环境是否OK，并且下载maven需要的jar包。示例程序

使用Maven进行Android开发

新建MAVEN ANDROID项目

具体命令参考此处

手动创建MAVEN ANDROID项目

有些是历史项目，也可以手动将其改成maven项目，方法如下：

新建pom.xml文件，拷贝其他maven项目的也可。
修改<groupId>,<artifactId>,<name>
修改<version>,默认是<version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
增加android jar包依赖：
```
<dependency>    <groupId>com.google.android</groupId>    <artifactId>android</artifactId>    <version>1.5_r4</version>    <scope>provided</scope></dependency>
```
可在此处查看android所有版本
5. 在android-maven-plugin配置中，配置android platform的版本，如<platform>7</platform>
6. 可以删除build.xml、build.properties、bin和libs。
7. 打apk包mvn clean install,将apk包安装到设备中mvn android:deploy

示例pom.xml如下：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>       <parent>          <groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>          <artifactId>parent</artifactId>          <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>       </parent>       <properties>                <project.build.sourceEncoding>utf-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>                  <maven.compiler.encoding>utf-8</maven.compiler.encoding>          <platform.version>4.1.1.4</platform.version>          <android.plugin.version>3.6.0</android.plugin.version>       </properties>       <groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>       <artifactId>app</artifactId>       <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>       <packaging>apk</packaging>       <name>app</name>       <dependencies>          <dependency>             <groupId>com.google.android</groupId>             <artifactId>android</artifactId>             <version>4.1.1.4</version>             <scope>provided</scope>          </dependency>          <dependency>               <groupId>com.google.android</groupId>               <artifactId>support-v4</artifactId>               <version>r7</version>        </dependency>     </dependencies><!-- 配置pmd、findbugs --><reporting><plugins>  <plugin>    <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>    <artifactId>findbugs-maven-plugin</artifactId>    <version>2.5</version>    <configuration>                  <xmlOutput>true</xmlOutput>                  <effort>Max</effort>              </configuration>    </plugin></plugins>

<build>    <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>    <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>    <plugins>        <plugin>                    <groupId>com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2</groupId>                    <artifactId>android-maven-plugin</artifactId>                    <version>3.6.1</version>                    <configuration>                            <sdk><platform>16</platform></sdk>                            <manifest>                                <debuggable>true</debuggable>                            </manifest>                    </configuration>                    <!--<executions>                            <execution>                                <goals>                                        <goal>ndk-build</goal>                                </goals>                    <configuration>                                        <attachNativeArtifacts>true</attachNativeArtifacts>                                </configuration>                            </execution>                    </executions>-->                    <extensions>true</extensions>                </plugin>        </plugins>    </build>

使用Maven进行Android单元测试

使用下面命令可以直接新建一个带有单元测试的Android项目：

    mvn archetype:generate \    -DarchetypeArtifactId=android-with-test \    -DarchetypeGroupId=de.akquinet.android.archetypes \    -DarchetypeVersion=1.0.11 \    -DgroupId=com.foo.bar \    -DartifactId=my-android-project \    -Dpackage=com.foo.bar.android

我们只需要修改其中的pom.xml文件即可。示例文件如下：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>       <parent>          <groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>          <artifactId>parent</artifactId>          <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>       </parent>       <groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>       <artifactId>test</artifactId>       <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>       <packaging>apk</packaging>       <name>Tests</name><dependencies>    <dependency>            <groupId>com.google.android</groupId>            <artifactId>android-test</artifactId>            <scope>provided</scope>        </dependency>        <!--需要依赖开发代码打出的apk包-->    <dependency>        <groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>        <artifactId>app</artifactId>        <type>apk</type>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>        <scope>provided</scope>    </dependency>    <!--需要依赖开发代码打出的jar包-->    <dependency>        <groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>        <artifactId>app</artifactId>        <type>jar</type>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>        <scope>provided</scope>    </dependency></dependencies><build>    <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>    <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>    <plugins>        <plugin>            <groupId>com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2</groupId>            <artifactId>android-maven-plugin</artifactId>            <configuration>                <test>                    <!--<skip>true|false|auto</skip> -->                    <!--<instrumentationPackage>packageName</instrumentationPackage> -->                    `                    <!--<instrumentationRunner>className</instrumentationRunner> -->                    <!--<debug>true|false</debug> -->                    <!--<coverage>true|false</coverage> -->                    <!--<logonly>true|false</logonly> avd -->                    <!--<testsize>small|medium|large</testsize> -->                    <createReport>true</createReport>                    <!--<classes> -->                    <!--<class>your.package.name.YourTestClass</class> -->                    <!--</classes> -->                    <!--<packages> -->                    <!--<package>your.package.name</package> -->                    <!--</packages> -->                </test>            </configuration>            <extensions>true</extensions>        </plugin>    </plugins></build>

Google官方提供Android单元测试的方法，需要继承ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2这个类,

单元测试代码示例，如下(因为我们引用了app构造的apk和jar包，所以我们能够在测试代码中直接引用开发代码)：

    package com.yeetrack.test;    import com.yeetrack.app.LoginActivity;    import com.yeetrack.app.R;    import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;    import android.test.UiThreadTest;    import android.widget.Button;    import android.widget.EditText;    /**    * @author victor    * app UI登陆界面测试    */    public class LoginActivityTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<LoginActivity>    {       /**       * 登陆界面的activity       */       private LoginActivity loginActivity;       /**        * 用户账号输入框        */       private EditText usernameEditText;       /**        * 用户密码输入框        */       private EditText passwordEditText;       /**        * 提交按钮        */       private Button submitButton;       public LoginActivityTest()       {           super(LoginActivity.class);       }       @Override       protected void setUp() throws Exception       {           // TODO Auto-generated method stub           super.setUp();           loginActivity = getActivity();           usernameEditText = (EditText) loginActivity.findViewById(R.id.username);           passwordEditText = (EditText) loginActivity.findViewById(R.id.password);           submitButton = (Button) loginActivity.findViewById(R.id.loginButton);        }       //需要在主线程中执行，android禁止在其他线程中操作主线程的控件       @UiThreadTest       public void testAppActivity()       {          assertNotNull(loginActivity);          assertNotNull(usernameEditText);          assertNotNull(passwordEditText);          assertNotNull(submitButton);          usernameEditText.setText("Victor Wang");          passwordEditText.setText("password");          submitButton.performClick();          try           {               Thread.sleep(10000);            } catch (InterruptedException e)            {               e.printStackTrace();            }       }       @Override        protected void tearDown() throws Exception        {           // TODO Auto-generated method stub           super.tearDown();        }    }

使用Maven进行Android功能测试

Android功能测试工具很多，这里用Robotium，pom.xml如下：

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>        <groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>        <artifactId>Robotium</artifactId>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>        <packaging>apk</packaging>        <name>Baidutx Robotium</name>       <description>http://www.yeetrack.com</description>        <parent>          <groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>          <artifactId>parent</artifactId>          <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>        </parent>        <properties>          <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>            <platform.version>4.1.1.4</platform.version>        </properties>        <dependencies>          <dependency>             <groupId>com.jayway.android.robotium</groupId>             <artifactId>robotium-solo</artifactId>             <version>4.3</version>          </dependency>          <dependency>            <groupId>com.google</groupId>            <artifactId>android</artifactId>            <version>1.0</version>            <scope>system</scope>            <systemPath>${project.basedir}/android.jar</systemPath>        </dependency>        <dependency>         <groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>         <artifactId>app</artifactId>         <type>apk</type>         <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>         <scope>provided</scope>      </dependency>      <dependency>        <groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>        <artifactId>app</artifactId>        <type>jar</type>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>        <scope>provided</scope>      </dependency>    </dependencies>    <build>        <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>        <plugins>        <plugin>            <groupId>com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2</groupId>            <artifactId>android-maven-plugin</artifactId>            <version>3.6.1</version>            <configuration>                <androidManifestFile>${project.basedir}/AndroidManifest.xml</androidManifestFile>                <assetsDirectory>${project.basedir}/assets</assetsDirectory>                <resourceDirectory>${project.basedir}/res</resourceDirectory>                <nativeLibrariesDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/native</nativeLibrariesDirectory>                <sdk>                    <platform>17</platform>                </sdk>                <undeployBeforeDeploy>true</undeployBeforeDeploy>            </configuration>            <extensions>true</extensions>        </plugin>        <plugin>            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>            <version>2.3.2</version>            <configuration>                <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>                <source>1.6</source>                <target>1.6</target>            </configuration>        </plugin>        </plugins>        </build>    </project>

添加Parent项目

将上述项目放在parent文件夹中，并在parent创建pom.xml，这样运行parent的pom.xml即可。

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>       <groupId>com.yeetrack</groupId>       <artifactId>parent</artifactId>       <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>       <packaging>pom</packaging>       <name>Parent</name>       <modules>          <module>app</module>          <module>test</module>          <module>robotium</module>       </modules>       <properties>          <platform.version> 4.1.1.4</platform.version>          <android.plugin.version>3.6.0</android.plugin.version>       </properties>       <dependencyManagement>          <dependencies>             <dependency>                    <groupId>com.google.android</groupId>                    <artifactId>android</artifactId>                    <version>${platform.version}</version>                    <scope>provided</scope>             </dependency>             <dependency>                    <groupId>com.google.android</groupId>                    <artifactId>android-test</artifactId>                    <version>${platform.version}</version>                    <scope>provided</scope>             </dependency>             <dependency>                    <groupId>junit</groupId>                    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>                    <version>4.11</version>                    <scope>provided</scope>             </dependency>          </dependencies>       </dependencyManagement>       <build>          <pluginManagement>             <plugins>                    <plugin>                       <groupId>com.jayway.maven.plugins.android.generation2</groupId>                       <artifactId>android-maven-plugin</artifactId>                       <version>${android.plugin.version}</version>                       <configuration>                          <sdk>                             <platform>16</platform>                          </sdk>                        </configuration>                    </plugin>                    <plugin>                       <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>                       <version>3.1</version>                    </plugin>             </plugins>          </pluginManagement>       </build>    </project>

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