Unix/Linux进程间通信——（System V）消息队列

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System V消息队列实例：

/* http://beej.us/guide/bgipc/examples/kirk.c */#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <errno.h>#include <string.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/ipc.h>#include <sys/msg.h>struct my_msgbuf {long mtype;char mtext[200];};int main(void){struct my_msgbuf buf;int msqid;key_t key;if ((key = ftok("kirk.c", 'B')) == -1) {perror("ftok");exit(1);}if ((msqid = msgget(key, 0644 | IPC_CREAT)) == -1) {perror("msgget");exit(1);}printf("Enter lines of text, ^D to quit:\n");buf.mtype = 1; /* we don't really care in this case */while(fgets(buf.mtext, sizeof(buf.mtext), stdin) != NULL) {int len = strlen(buf.mtext);/* ditch newline at end, if it exists */if (buf.mtext[len-1] == '\n') buf.mtext[len-1] = '\0';if (msgsnd(msqid, &buf, len+1, 0) == -1) /* +1 for '\0' */perror("msgsnd");}if (msgctl(msqid, IPC_RMID, NULL) == -1) {perror("msgctl");exit(1);}return 0;}

/* http://beej.us/guide/bgipc/examples/spock.c */#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <errno.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/ipc.h>#include <sys/msg.h>struct my_msgbuf {long mtype;char mtext[200];};int main(void){struct my_msgbuf buf;int msqid;key_t key;if ((key = ftok("kirk.c", 'B')) == -1) { /* same key as kirk.c */perror("ftok");exit(1);}if ((msqid = msgget(key, 0644)) == -1) { /* connect to the queue */perror("msgget");exit(1);}printf("spock: ready to receive messages, captain.\n");for (;;) { /* Spock never quits! */if (msgrcv(msqid, &buf, sizeof(buf.mtext), 0, 0) == -1) {perror("msgrcv");exit(1);}printf("spock: \"%s\"\n", buf.mtext);}return 0;}

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