JAVA发送HTTP请求经典收藏

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JDK 中提供了一些对无状态协议请求（HTTP ）的支持，下面我就将我所写的一个小例子（组件）进行描述：

 首先让我们先构建一个请求类（HttpRequester ）。

该类封装了 JAVA 实现简单请求的代码，如下：

import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.URL;import java.nio.charset.Charset;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Vector; /** * HTTP请求对象 *  * @author YYmmiinngg */public class HttpRequester {private String defaultContentEncoding; public HttpRequester() {this.defaultContentEncoding = Charset.defaultCharset().name();} /** * 发送GET请求 *  * @param urlString *            URL地址 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */public HttpRespons sendGet(String urlString) throws IOException {return this.send(urlString, "GET", null, null);} /** * 发送GET请求 *  * @param urlString *            URL地址 * @param params *            参数集合 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */public HttpRespons sendGet(String urlString, Map<String, String> params)throws IOException {return this.send(urlString, "GET", params, null);} /** * 发送GET请求 *  * @param urlString *            URL地址 * @param params *            参数集合 * @param propertys *            请求属性 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */public HttpRespons sendGet(String urlString, Map<String, String> params,Map<String, String> propertys) throws IOException {return this.send(urlString, "GET", params, propertys);} /** * 发送POST请求 *  * @param urlString *            URL地址 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */public HttpRespons sendPost(String urlString) throws IOException {return this.send(urlString, "POST", null, null);} /** * 发送POST请求 *  * @param urlString *            URL地址 * @param params *            参数集合 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */public HttpRespons sendPost(String urlString, Map<String, String> params)throws IOException {return this.send(urlString, "POST", params, null);} /** * 发送POST请求 *  * @param urlString *            URL地址 * @param params *            参数集合 * @param propertys *            请求属性 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */public HttpRespons sendPost(String urlString, Map<String, String> params,Map<String, String> propertys) throws IOException {return this.send(urlString, "POST", params, propertys);} /** * 发送HTTP请求 *  * @param urlString * @return 响映对象 * @throws IOException */private HttpRespons send(String urlString, String method,Map<String, String> parameters, Map<String, String> propertys)throws IOException {HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null; if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("GET") && parameters != null) {StringBuffer param = new StringBuffer();int i = 0;for (String key : parameters.keySet()) {if (i == 0)param.append("?");elseparam.append("&");param.append(key).append("=").append(parameters.get(key));i++;}urlString += param;}URL url = new URL(urlString);urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); urlConnection.setRequestMethod(method);urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);urlConnection.setDoInput(true);urlConnection.setUseCaches(false); if (propertys != null)for (String key : propertys.keySet()) {urlConnection.addRequestProperty(key, propertys.get(key));} if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("POST") && parameters != null) {StringBuffer param = new StringBuffer();for (String key : parameters.keySet()) {param.append("&");param.append(key).append("=").append(parameters.get(key));}urlConnection.getOutputStream().write(param.toString().getBytes());urlConnection.getOutputStream().flush();urlConnection.getOutputStream().close();} return this.makeContent(urlString, urlConnection);} /** * 得到响应对象 *  * @param urlConnection * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */private HttpRespons makeContent(String urlString,HttpURLConnection urlConnection) throws IOException {HttpRespons httpResponser = new HttpRespons();try {InputStream in = urlConnection.getInputStream();BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));httpResponser.contentCollection = new Vector<String>();StringBuffer temp = new StringBuffer();String line = bufferedReader.readLine();while (line != null) {httpResponser.contentCollection.add(line);temp.append(line).append("\r\n");line = bufferedReader.readLine();}bufferedReader.close(); String ecod = urlConnection.getContentEncoding();if (ecod == null)ecod = this.defaultContentEncoding; httpResponser.urlString = urlString; httpResponser.defaultPort = urlConnection.getURL().getDefaultPort();httpResponser.file = urlConnection.getURL().getFile();httpResponser.host = urlConnection.getURL().getHost();httpResponser.path = urlConnection.getURL().getPath();httpResponser.port = urlConnection.getURL().getPort();httpResponser.protocol = urlConnection.getURL().getProtocol();httpResponser.query = urlConnection.getURL().getQuery();httpResponser.ref = urlConnection.getURL().getRef();httpResponser.userInfo = urlConnection.getURL().getUserInfo(); httpResponser.content = new String(temp.toString().getBytes(), ecod);httpResponser.contentEncoding = ecod;httpResponser.code = urlConnection.getResponseCode();httpResponser.message = urlConnection.getResponseMessage();httpResponser.contentType = urlConnection.getContentType();httpResponser.method = urlConnection.getRequestMethod();httpResponser.connectTimeout = urlConnection.getConnectTimeout();httpResponser.readTimeout = urlConnection.getReadTimeout(); return httpResponser;} catch (IOException e) {throw e;} finally {if (urlConnection != null)urlConnection.disconnect();}} /** * 默认的响应字符集 */public String getDefaultContentEncoding() {return this.defaultContentEncoding;} /** * 设置默认的响应字符集 */public void setDefaultContentEncoding(String defaultContentEncoding) {this.defaultContentEncoding = defaultContentEncoding;}}

 

 

其次我们来看看响应对象（HttpRespons ）。 响应对象其实只是一个数据BEAN ，由此来封装请求响应的结果数据，如下：

 

import java.util.Vector; /** * 响应对象 */public class HttpRespons { String urlString; int defaultPort; String file; String host; String path; int port; String protocol; String query; String ref; String userInfo; String contentEncoding; String content; String contentType; int code; String message; String method; int connectTimeout; int readTimeout; Vector<String> contentCollection; public String getContent() {return content;} public String getContentType() {return contentType;} public int getCode() {return code;} public String getMessage() {return message;} public Vector<String> getContentCollection() {return contentCollection;} public String getContentEncoding() {return contentEncoding;} public String getMethod() {return method;} public int getConnectTimeout() {return connectTimeout;} public int getReadTimeout() {return readTimeout;} public String getUrlString() {return urlString;} public int getDefaultPort() {return defaultPort;} public String getFile() {return file;} public String getHost() {return host;} public String getPath() {return path;} public int getPort() {return port;} public String getProtocol() {return protocol;} public String getQuery() {return query;} public String getRef() {return ref;} public String getUserInfo() {return userInfo;} }

 

最后，让我们写一个应用类，测试以上代码是否正确

import com.yao.http.HttpRequester;import com.yao.http.HttpRespons; public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {try {HttpRequester request = new HttpRequester();HttpRespons hr = request.sendGet("http://www.csdn.net"); System.out.println(hr.getUrlString());System.out.println(hr.getProtocol());System.out.println(hr.getHost());System.out.println(hr.getPort());System.out.println(hr.getContentEncoding());System.out.println(hr.getMethod());System.out.println(hr.getContent()); } catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}