JavaWeb -- Struts1 使用示例： 表单校验 防表单重复提交 表单数据封装到实体

1. struts 工作流程图

超链接

 

2. 入门案例

struts入门案例：1、写一个注册页面，把请求交给 struts处理<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/Register.do" method="post">   用户名：<input type="text" name="username"><br/>   密码：<input type="password" name="password"><br/>   邮箱：<input type="text" name="email"><br/>   <input type="submit" value="注册">   </form><html:errors property="username"/>2、导入struts开发包，并在web.xml文件配置struts(ActionServlet)处理所有.do请求  <servlet>  <servlet-name>ActionServlet</servlet-name>  <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>   <init-param>      <param-name>config</param-name>      <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>     </init-param>    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>  <servlet-name>ActionServlet</servlet-name>  <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>3、在web-inf目录中加入struts的配置文件：struts-config.xml，并配置struts收到请求后找RegisterAction处理，并配置在找RegisterAction处理请求之前，把数据封装到formbean中<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC          "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN"          "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd"><struts-config><form-beans><form-bean name="UserFormBean" type="cn.itcast.web.formbean.UserFormbean"></form-bean></form-beans><!-- 配置struts收到请求后找一个action处理 --><action-mappings><action path="/Register" type="cn.itcast.web.action.RegisterAction" name="UserFormBean"></action></action-mappings></struts-config>4、把封装数据formbean，以及处理请求的RegisterAction写出来

JavaBean 继承 ActionForm

public class UserFormbean extends ActionForm {private String username;private String password;private String email;public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public String getEmail() {return email;}public void setEmail(String email) {this.email = email;}@Overridepublic ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping,HttpServletRequest request) {ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors();if(this.username==null || this.username.trim().equals("")){errors.add("username", new ActionMessage("errors.username.required"));}return errors;}}

Action:

public class RegisterAction extends Action {@Overridepublic ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception {UserFormbean bean = (UserFormbean) form;System.out.println(bean.getUsername());System.out.println(bean.getPassword());System.out.println(bean.getEmail());try{System.out.println("向数据注册用户！！");request.setAttribute("message", "注册成功");}catch (Exception e) {request.setAttribute("message", "注册失败");}return mapping.findForward("message");//转发}}

web.xml 配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">    <servlet>  <servlet-name>ActionServlet</servlet-name>  <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>   <init-param>      <param-name>config</param-name>      <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>    </init-param>    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>  <servlet-name>ActionServlet</servlet-name>  <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>      <welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list></web-app>

struts-config.xml 配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd"><struts-config><form-beans><form-bean name="UserFormBean" type="com.kevin.domain.UserFormbean"></form-bean></form-beans><action-mappings><action path="/Register" type="com.kevin.action.RegisterAction" name="UserFormBean"input="/index.jsp"> //bean校验错误后 回跳<forward name="message" path="/message.jsp"></forward>   //转发</action></action-mappings>       <message-resources parameter="com.yourcompany.struts.ApplicationResources" />  //配置文件  国际化</struts-config>

----------------------- 实例 ： 表单校验，防表单重复提交  表单数据封装到实体-----------------

首页

<body><html:link action="/RegisterUI" >注册</html:link>     </body>

/WEB-INF/jsp/register.jsp 表单页面

<%@page import="com.kevin.golobals.Preference"%><%@page import="com.kevin.golobals.Gender"%><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@taglib uri="http://struts.apache.org/tags-html" prefix="html" %><%@taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>  <head>        <title>注册页面</title>  </head>    <body>  <!--    html:form 发生session域中如果有org.apache.struts.action.TOKEN为随机数，它会自动生成隐藏字段    -->  <html:form action="/Register">  <table width="50%" frame="border">    <tr>  <td>用户名</td>  <td>  <html:text property="username"/>  </td>  <td>  <html:errors property="username"/>  </td>    </tr>    <tr>  <td>密码</td>  <td>  <html:password property="password" redisplay="false"/>  </td>    <td>  <html:errors property="password"/>  </td>  </tr>    <tr>  <td>确认密码</td>  <td>  <html:password property="password2"  redisplay="false"/>  </td>  <td>  <html:errors property="password2"/>  </td>  </tr>    <tr>  <td>性别</td>  <td>  <c:forEach var="g" items="<%= Gender.values() %>">  <html:radio property="gender" value="${g.name }">${g.value }</html:radio>  </c:forEach>  </td>  <td>  <html:errors property="gender"/>  </td>    </tr>      <tr>  <td>生日</td>  <td>  <html:text property="birthday"></html:text>  </td>  <td>  <html:errors property="birthday"/>  </td>  </tr>    <tr>  <td>收入</td>  <td>  <html:text property="income"></html:text>  </td>  <td>  <html:errors property="income"/>  </td>  </tr>    <tr>  <td>城市</td>  <td>  <html:select property="city">  <html:option value="beijing">北京</html:option>  <html:option value="guangzhou">广州</html:option>  <html:option value="shanghai">上海</html:option>  </html:select>  </td>  <td>    </td>  </tr>    <tr>  <td>爱好</td>  <td>        <c:forEach var="pre" items="<%=Preference.values() %>">  <html:multibox property="preference" value="${pre.name }"/>${pre.value}  </c:forEach>  </td>  <td>  <html:errors property="preference"/>  </td>      </tr>    <tr>  <td>邮箱</td>  <td>  <html:text property="email"></html:text>  </td>  <td>  <html:errors property="email"/>  </td>  </tr>    <tr>  <td>  <input type="reset" value="清空">  </td>  <td>  <input type="submit" value="注册">  </td>  </tr>      </table>  </html:form>  </body></html>

com.kevin.domain , 表单数据bean 数据校验

public class UserFormBean extends ActionForm {private String username;private String password;private String password2; private String gender;private String birthday;private String income;private String city;private String[] preference;private String email;@Overridepublic ActionErrors validate(ActionMapping mapping,HttpServletRequest request) {ActionErrors errors = new ActionErrors();if(isEmpty(this.username))addMessage(errors, "username", "用户名不能为空");else{if(!this.username.matches("^[A-Za-z]{3,9}"))addMessage(errors, "username", "用户名必须是3-9位字母");}//密码不能为空，要是3-9的字母或数字if(isEmpty(this.password)){addMessage(errors, "password", "密码不能为空");}else{if(!this.password.matches("\\w{3,9}")){addMessage(errors,"password", "密码必须是3-8位字母或数字");}}//二次密码不能为空，并且要和一次密码一致if(isEmpty(this.password2)){addMessage(errors, "password2", "密码不能为空");}else{if(!this.password2.equals(this.password)){addMessage(errors,"password2", "两次密码必须要一致");}}//性别不能为空，并且要是枚举的一个实例的值if(isEmpty(this.gender)){addMessage(errors, "gender", "性别不能为空");}else{try{Gender.valueOf(this.gender.toUpperCase());}catch (Exception e) {addMessage(errors, "gender", "性别非法");}}//生日可以为空，不为空时，要是一个日期if(!isEmpty(this.birthday)){try{DateLocaleConverter conver = new DateLocaleConverter(Locale.CHINA, "yy-M-d");conver.convert(this.birthday);}catch (Exception e) {addMessage(errors, "birthday", "生日不能一个合法的日期");}}//收入要是一个数字，可以为空if(!isEmpty(this.income)){try{Double.parseDouble(this.income);}catch (Exception e) {addMessage(errors, "income", "收入要是一个数字");}}//爱好可以为空，不为空时要是合法的枚举值:String[] preference;if(this.preference!=null && this.preference.length>0){for(String pre : this.preference){try{Preference.valueOf(pre.toUpperCase());}catch (Exception e) {addMessage(errors, "preference", "爱好输入有误");}}}//邮箱可以为空，不为空时，要是一个格式有效的邮箱if(!isEmpty(this.email)){if(!this.email.matches("\\w+@\\w+(\\.\\w+)+")){addMessage(errors, "email", "邮箱格式非法");}}return errors;}private boolean isEmpty(String value){if(value==null || value.trim().equals("")){return true;}return false;}private void addMessage(ActionErrors errors,String key,String message){errors.add(key,new ActionMessage(message,false));}//validatepublic String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public String getPassword2() {return password2;}public void setPassword2(String password2) {this.password2 = password2;}public String getGender() {return gender;}public void setGender(String gender) {this.gender = gender;}public String getBirthday() {return birthday;}public void setBirthday(String birthday) {this.birthday = birthday;}public String getIncome() {return income;}public void setIncome(String income) {this.income = income;}public String getCity() {return city;}public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;}public String[] getPreference() {return preference;}public void setPreference(String[] preference) {this.preference = preference;}public String getEmail() {return email;}public void setEmail(String email) {this.email = email;}}

实体数据bean

public class User {private String id;private String username;private String password;private Gender gender;private Date birthday;  //nullprivate double income;private String city;private Preference[] preference;private String email;public String getId() {return id;}public void setId(String id) {this.id = id;}public String getUsername() {return username;}public void setUsername(String username) {this.username = username;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public Gender getGender() {return gender;}public void setGender(Gender gender) {this.gender = gender;}public Date getBirthday() {return birthday;}public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {this.birthday = birthday;}public double getIncome() {return income;}public void setIncome(double income) {this.income = income;}public String getCity() {return city;}public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;}public Preference[] getPreference() {return preference;}public void setPreference(Preference[] preference) {this.preference = preference;}public String getEmail() {return email;}public void setEmail(String email) {this.email = email;}}

com.kevin.action Action

public class RegisterUIAction extends Action {@Overridepublic ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception {saveToken(request); //org.apache.struts.action.TOKEN 防表单重复提交return mapping.findForward("register");}}

public class RegisterAction extends Action { //表单处理 注册 Action@Overridepublic ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception {//将表单数据封装到实体中  User user = new User();  UserFormBean formbean = (UserFormBean) form;  BeanUtils.copyProperties(user, formbean);  System.out.println(user.getUsername());try{if(isTokenValid(request)){resetToken(request);  //清楚session中的tokenSystem.out.println("处理用户注册请求.....");request.setAttribute("message", "注册成功");}else{System.out.println("对不起，您是重复提交");}}catch (Exception e){e.printStackTrace();request.setAttribute("message", "注册失败");}//return mapping.findForward("message");return null;}}

监听器，注册beanutils 转换器

public class WebInitListener implements ServletContextListener {@Overridepublic void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) {//注册转换日期的转换器ConvertUtils.register(new Converter(){public Object convert(Class type, Object value) {if(value==null){return null;}if(value instanceof String){String d = (String)value;if(d.trim().equals("")){return null;}SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");try {return sdf.parse(d);} catch (ParseException e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}throw new RuntimeException("输入类的类型不是String");}}, Date.class);//转性别枚举ConvertUtils.register(new Converter(){public Object convert(Class type, Object value) {if(value==null){return null;}return Gender.valueOf(((String) value).toUpperCase());}}, Gender.class);//转爱好枚举数组ConvertUtils.register(new Converter(){public Object convert(Class type, Object value) {if(value==null){return null;}String pres[] = (String[]) value;Preference p[] = new Preference[pres.length];for(int i=0;i<pres.length;i++){p[i] = Preference.valueOf(pres[i].toUpperCase());}return p;}},Preference[].class);}@Overridepublic void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {}}

com.kevin.golobals 枚举类

public enum Gender {MALE("male","男"),FEMALE("female","女");private String name;private String value;private Gender(String name,String value){this.name= name;this.value = value;}public String getName() {return name;}public String getValue() {return value;}}

public enum Preference {SING("sing","唱歌"),DANCE("dance","跳舞"),FOOTBALL("football","足球");private String name;private String value;private Preference(String name, String value){this.name = name;this.value = value;}public String getName() {return name;}public String getValue() {return value;}}

struts-config.xml 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd"><struts-config>  <form-beans >  <form-bean name="UserFormBean" type="com.kevin.domain.UserFormBean"></form-bean>  </form-beans>    <global-exceptions />  <global-forwards />      <action-mappings>  <action path="/RegisterUI"  type="com.kevin.action.RegisterUIAction" >  <forward name="register" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/register.jsp"></forward>  </action>    <action path="/Register"  type="com.kevin.action.RegisterAction"  name="UserFormBean"  scope="request"  validate="true"  input="/WEB-INF/jsp/register.jsp"  >  <forward name="message" path="/message.jsp"></forward>  </action>        </action-mappings>    <message-resources parameter="com.yourcompany.struts.ApplicationResources" /></struts-config>

web.xml 配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="3.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">  <display-name />  <servlet>    <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>    <init-param>      <param-name>config</param-name>      <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>      <param-name>debug</param-name>      <param-value>3</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>      <param-name>detail</param-name>      <param-value>3</param-value>    </init-param>    <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>  </servlet>  <servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>  </servlet-mapping>  <welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list>       <filter>      <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>      <filter-class>com.kevin.web.filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>      <init-param>          <param-name>charset</param-name>          <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>      </init-param>    </filter>        <filter-mapping>      <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>      </filter-mapping>        <listener>   <listener-class>com.kevin.web.listener.WebInitListener</listener-class>  </listener>     </web-app>