Python 3中套接字编程中遇到TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface的解决办法

目前正在学习python，使用的工具为python3.2.3。发现3x版本和2x版本有些差异，在套接字编程时，困扰了我很久，先将python核心编程书中的例子

代码如下:

服务器端:

# Echo server programfrom socket import *from time import ctimeHOST = ''                 # Symbolic name meaning all available interfacesPORT = 50007              # Arbitrary non-privileged portBUFSIZE = 1024ADDR = (HOST, PORT)tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)tcpSerSock.listen(5)while True:    print('waiting for connection...')    tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept()    print('...connected from:', addr)    while True:        data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE)        if not data:            break        tcpCliSock.send(('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data)))        tcpCliSock.close()tcpSerSock.close()

客户端

# Echo client programfrom socket import*HOST = '127.0.0.1'PORT = 50007              # The same port as used by the serverBUFSIZE = 1024ADDR = (HOST, PORT)tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)while True:    data = input('> ')    if not data:        break    tcpCliSock.send(data)    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE)    if not data:        break    print(data)    tcpCliSock.close()

报错：

   TypeError:'str' does not support the buffer interface

找问题找了好久，在StackOverflow上发现有人也出现同样的问题，并一个叫Scharron的人提出了解答：

In python 3, bytes strings and unicodestrings are now two different types. Since sockets are not aware of string encodings, they are using raw bytes strings, that have a slightly differentinterface from unicode strings.

So, now, whenever you have a unicode stringthat you need to use as a byte string, you need toencode() it. And whenyou have a byte string, you need to decode it to use it as a regular(python 2.x) string.

Unicode strings are quotes enclosedstrings. Bytes strings are b"" enclosed strings

 

When you use client_socket.send(data),replace it by client_socket.send(data.encode()). When you get datausing data = client_socket.recv(512), replace it by data =client_socket.recv(512).decode()

 

同时我看了一下python帮助文档：

Codec.encode(input[, errors])

Encodes the object input and returns atuple (output object, length consumed). Encoding convertsa string object to abytes object using a particular character set encoding

 

Codec.decode(input[, errors])

Decodes the object input and returns atuple (output object, length consumed). Decoding converts a bytes objectencoded using a particular character set encoding toa string object.

input must be a bytes object or one whichprovides the read-only character buffer interface – for example, buffer objectsand memory mapped files.

 

套接字的成员函数send

socket.send(bytes[, flags]) 形参为字节类型

socket.recv(bufsize[, flags]) Receive datafrom the socket. The return value is abytesobject representing the data received.

 所以修正后代码如下：

服务器端：

# Echo server programfrom socket import *from time import ctimeHOST = ''                 # Symbolic name meaning all available interfacesPORT = 50007              # Arbitrary non-privileged portBUFSIZE = 1024ADDR = (HOST, PORT)tcpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)tcpSerSock.bind(ADDR)tcpSerSock.listen(5)while True:    print('waiting for connection...')    tcpCliSock, addr = tcpSerSock.accept()    print('...connected from:', addr)    while True:        data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()        if not data:            break        tcpCliSock.send(('[%s] %s' % (ctime(), data)).encode())        tcpCliSock.close()tcpSerSock.close()

客服端

# Echo client programfrom socket import*HOST = '127.0.0.1'PORT = 50007              # The same port as used by the serverBUFSIZE = 1024ADDR = (HOST, PORT)tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)while True:    data = input('> ')    if not data:        break    tcpCliSock.send(data.encode())    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()    if not data:        break    print(data)    tcpCliSock.close()

运行结果: 达到预期

在使用这些函数时想当然去用，没有去查找帮助文档，没有弄清楚传参类型，可能是一个例题，没有注意这些，但是得吸取教训。

同样的在udp的情况下：修正过的

服务器端:

from socket import *from time import ctimeHOST = '';PORT = 21546BUFSIZE = 1024ADDR = (HOST, PORT)udpSerSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM)udpSerSock.bind(ADDR)while True:    print('waiting for message...')    data, addr = udpSerSock.recvfrom(BUFSIZE)    udpSerSock.sendto(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), data.decode())).encode(), addr)    print('...received from and returned to:', addr)udpSerSock.close()

客户端:

from socket import *HOST = 'localhost'PORT = 21567BUFSIZE = 1024ADDR = (HOST, PORT)while True:    tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)    tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)    data = input('> ')    if not data:        break    tcpCliSock.send(('%s\r\n' % data).encode())    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()    if not data:        break    print(data.strip())tcpCliSock.close()

使用socketserver模块:

服务器端：

#TsTservss.pyfrom socketserver import TCPServer as TCP, StreamRequestHandler as SRHfrom time import ctimeHOST = ''PORT = 21567ADDR = (HOST, PORT)class MyRequestHandler(SRH):    def handle(self):        print('...connected from:', self.client_address)        self.wfile.write(('[%s] %s' %(ctime(), self.rfile.readline().decode())).encode())tcpServ = TCP(ADDR, MyRequestHandler)print('waiting for connection...')tcpServ.serve_forever()

客户端：

from socket import *HOST = 'localhost'PORT = 21567BUFSIZE = 1024ADDR = (HOST, PORT)while True:    tcpCliSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)    tcpCliSock.connect(ADDR)    data = input('> ')    if not data:        break    tcpCliSock.send(('%s\r\n' % data).encode())    data = tcpCliSock.recv(BUFSIZE).decode()    if not data:        break    print(data.strip())tcpCliSock.close()