ActiveMQ笔记

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ActiveMQ为java消息服务(JMS)框架，它分为两种模式一种为点对点Queue，另一种为发布/订阅Topic模式。

一条JMS消息分为消息头、消息属性、消息类型。

ActiveMQ下载官网(Linux版本apache-activemq-5.9.0)：http://activemq.apache.org/activemq-590-release.html

安装方法：

下载后可直接运行，运行命令：bin\activemq start

停止命令：bin\activemq stop

运行后，可查看运行端口：netstat -an|grep 61616

如果bin\activemq stop没有停止服务，可采用kill进行终止服务：

ps -ef|grep activemq
kill [PID]

官方文档：http://activemq.apache.org/version-5-getting-started.html#Version5GettingStarted-TestingtheInstallation

启动后的ActiveMQ如下图：

ActiveMQ启动后，下面分别以Queue点对点和Topic发布/订阅两种模式写实例代码：

建一个maven的java工程，需要用到的包在pom.xml中配置(如不是maven工程，下载的ActiveMQ中有相应的包，拷到工程即可)：

<!-- ActiveMQ -->    <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId> <artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId> <version>5.9.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId><artifactId>geronimo-j2ee-management_1.1_spec</artifactId><version>1.0.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId><artifactId>geronimo-jms_1.1_spec</artifactId><version>1.1.1</version></dependency>

点对点:

接收者

package com.activemq.one;import javax.jms.Connection;import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;import javax.jms.Destination;import javax.jms.JMSException;import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;import javax.jms.ObjectMessage;import javax.jms.Session;import javax.jms.TextMessage;import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;import com.activemq.util.Constants;/** * 接收者 *  * @author Dwen * @version v 0.1 2014-1-22 下午03:02:48 */public class Receiver {/** * 程序入口 * @param args */public static void main(String[] args) {// 连接工厂ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;//连接Connection connection = null;//会话Session session;// Destination ：消息的目的地;消息发送给谁.Destination destination;// 消费者MessageConsumer consumer;connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD, Constants.BROKER_URL);try {// 构造从工厂得到连接对象connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();// 启动connection.start();// 获取操作连接session = connection.createSession(Boolean.FALSE,Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);//获取session中的queue,该queue在http://localhost:8161/admin/queues.jsp中进行配置destination = session.createQueue("FirstQueue");consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);while (true) {//reveiveTextMessage(consumer);reveiveObjectMessage(consumer);}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {if (null != connection)connection.close();} catch (Throwable ignore) {}}}/** * 接收文本消息 * @param consumer * @throws JMSException */private static void reveiveTextMessage(MessageConsumer consumer) throws JMSException{// 设置接收者接收消息的时间，测试定为100sTextMessage message = (TextMessage) consumer.receive(100000);if (null != message) {System.out.println("收到消息" + message.getText());} else {System.out.println("无消息！");}}/** * 接收对象消息 * @param consumer * @throws JMSException */private static void reveiveObjectMessage(MessageConsumer consumer) throws JMSException{ObjectMessage message = (ObjectMessage) consumer.receive();Users users = (Users) message.getObject();if (null != users) {System.out.println("收到消息" + users.getId()+" , "+users.getUserName()+" , "+users.getPassword());} else {System.out.println("无消息！");}}}

发送者

package com.activemq.one;import javax.jms.Connection;import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;import javax.jms.Destination;import javax.jms.MessageProducer;import javax.jms.ObjectMessage;import javax.jms.Session;import javax.jms.TextMessage;import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;import com.activemq.util.Constants;/** * 发送者 *  * @author Dwen * @version v 0.1 2014-1-22 下午03:01:27 */public class Sender {/** 定义发送数量 */private static final int SEND_NUMBER = 5;/** * 程序入口 *  * @param args */public static void main(String[] args) {// 连接工厂ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;// 连接Connection connection = null;// 会话Session session;// 消息的目的地;消息发送给谁.Destination destination;// 消息发送者MessageProducer producer;// 构造ConnectionFactory实例对象connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD, Constants.BROKER_URL);try {// 构造从工厂得到连接对象connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();// 启动connection.start();// 获取操作连接session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE,Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);// 获取session中的queue,该queue在http://localhost:8161/admin/queues.jsp中进行配置destination = session.createQueue("FirstQueue");// 得到消息生成者producer = session.createProducer(destination);// 设置不持久化，此处学习，实际根据项目决定producer.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);//消息类型：// Message,TextMessage,ObjectMessage,BytesMessage,StreamMessage,MapMessage// 发送消息//sendMessage(session, producer);sendObjectMessage(session, producer);session.commit();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {if (null != connection)connection.close();} catch (Throwable ignore) {}}}/** * 发送文本消息 * @param session * @param producer * @throws Exception */public static void sendMessage(Session session, MessageProducer producer)throws Exception {for (int i = 1; i <= SEND_NUMBER; i++) {TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("ActiveMq 发送的消息+"+ i);// 发送消息到目的地方System.out.println("发送消息：" + "ActiveMq 发送的消息" + i);producer.send(message);}}/** * 发送对象消息 * @param session * @param producer * @throws Exception */public static void sendObjectMessage(Session session,MessageProducer producer) throws Exception {Users users = new Users();users.setId(1000L);users.setUserName("test");users.setPassword("111111");ObjectMessage message = session.createObjectMessage(users);System.out.println("已发送对象消息！");producer.send(message);}}

package com.activemq.util;/** * 常量类 * @author Dwen * @version v 0.1 2014-1-22 下午05:32:13 */public class Constants {/** activemq url */public static final String BROKER_URL = "tcp://localhost:61616";}

发布/订阅：

package com.activemq.many;import javax.jms.Connection;import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;import javax.jms.MessageProducer;import javax.jms.Session;import javax.jms.TextMessage;import javax.jms.Topic;import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;import com.activemq.util.Constants;/** * 发布者 * @author Dwen * @version v 0.1 2014-1-22 下午05:11:09 */public class Publisher {public static void main(String[] args) {// 连接工厂ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;//连接Connection connection = null;//会话Session session;// 消息发送者MessageProducer producer;connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD, Constants.BROKER_URL);try {// 构造从工厂得到连接对象connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();// 启动connection.start();// 获取操作连接session = connection.createSession(Boolean.FALSE,Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);//创建TopicTopic topic = session.createTopic("FirstTopic");producer = session.createProducer(topic);producer.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);while (true) {sendMessage(session, producer);Thread.sleep(2000);}} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {if (null != connection){connection.close();}} catch (Throwable ignore) {}}}/** * 发送文本消息 * @param session * @param producer * @throws Exception */public static void sendMessage(Session session, MessageProducer producer)throws Exception {TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("ActiveMq 发送的消息_"+System.currentTimeMillis());// 发送消息到目的地方producer.send(message);System.out.println("发送消息：" + message.getText());}}

package com.activemq.many;import javax.jms.Connection;import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;import javax.jms.JMSException;import javax.jms.Message;import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;import javax.jms.MessageListener;import javax.jms.Session;import javax.jms.TextMessage;import javax.jms.Topic;import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;import com.activemq.util.Constants;/** * 订阅者 *  * @author Dwen * @version v 0.1 2014-1-22 下午05:10:57 */public class Subscribers {public static void main(String[] args) {// 连接工厂ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;// 连接Connection connection = null;// 会话Session session;// 消费者MessageConsumer consumer;connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER,ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD, Constants.BROKER_URL);try {// 构造从工厂得到连接对象connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();// 启动connection.start();// 获取操作连接session = connection.createSession(Boolean.FALSE,Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);// 创建TopicTopic topic = session.createTopic("FirstTopic");consumer = session.createConsumer(topic);consumer.setMessageListener(new MessageListener() {@Overridepublic void onMessage(Message message) {TextMessage message2 = (TextMessage) message;try {System.out.println("收到消息：" + message2.getText());} catch (JMSException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}});} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} //finally {//try {//if (null != connection) {//connection.close();//}//} catch (Throwable ignore) {//}//}}}

ActiveMQ访问安全问题，如果不进行安全访问，任何人只有知道activeqm的地址就可以访问。限制如下：

修改ActiveMQ管理页面密码在jetty-realm.properties文件中修改，里面有相应格式为：用户名：密码，角色

客户端访问安全设置：

1、在credentials.properties文件中设置用户名和密码。通过credentials-enc.properties可以用户名密码进行加密，官方

文档地址：http://activemq.apache.org/encrypted-passwords.html

activemq.username=systemactivemq.password=manageruser.username=useruser.password=passwordguest.username=guestguest.password=password

2、在activemq.xml文件systemUsage标签之前加上

<plugins><simpleAuthenticationPlugin>    <users><authenticationUser username="${activemq.username}" password="${activemq.password}"            groups="users,admins"/>        <authenticationUser username="${user.username}" password="${user.password}"            groups="users"/>        <authenticationUser username="${guest.username}" password="${guest.password}" groups="guests"/>        <!--<authenticationUser username="system" password="manager"            groups="users,admins"/>        <authenticationUser username="user" password="password"            groups="users"/>        <authenticationUser username="guest" password="password" groups="guests"/> -->    </users></simpleAuthenticationPlugin>      <!--  use JAAS to authenticate using the login.config file on the classpath to configure JAAS -->      <jaasAuthenticationPlugin configuration="activemq" />       <!--  lets configure a destination based authorization mechanism -->      <authorizationPlugin>        <map>          <authorizationMap>            <authorizationEntries>              <authorizationEntry queue=">" read="admins" write="admins" admin="admins" />              <authorizationEntry queue="USERS.>" read="users" write="users" admin="users" />              <authorizationEntry queue="GUEST.>" read="guests" write="guests,users" admin="guests,users" />                             <authorizationEntry topic=">" read="admins" write="admins" admin="admins" />              <authorizationEntry topic="USERS.>" read="users" write="users" admin="users" />              <authorizationEntry topic="GUEST.>" read="guests" write="guests,users" admin="guests,users" />                             <authorizationEntry topic="ActiveMQ.Advisory.>" read="guests,users" write="guests,users" admin="guests,users"/>            </authorizationEntries>                         <!-- let's assign roles to temporary destinations. comment this entry if we don't want any roles assigned to temp destinations  -->            <tempDestinationAuthorizationEntry>                <tempDestinationAuthorizationEntry read="tempDestinationAdmins" write="tempDestinationAdmins" admin="tempDestinationAdmins"/>           </tempDestinationAuthorizationEntry>                         </authorizationMap>        </map>      </authorizationPlugin>    </plugins>

3、在users.properties文件中设置用户名和密码

system=manageruser=passwordguest=password

在groups.properties文件中设置组，设置允许的权限组才会有相应的访问权限

admins=system,user,guest

设置了用户名和密码就可以进行安全限制访问了。

配置过程中问题：

出现：activemq javax.security.auth.login.LoginException: 没有为 activemq-domain 配置LoginModules。是因为activemq.xml文件中<jaasAuthenticationPlugin configuration="activemq" />configuration指定的名字与conf/login.config文件中的名称不一致。

接下来要讨论以下两个问题：持久化问题和集群问题。

讨论下ActiveMQ持久化问题，由于保证信息在异常情况下没有发送出去，导致信息丢失的情况。消息服务器发送消息前先进行持久化，如果消息成功发送出去了，根据返回的消息来是否删除持久化消息，返回成功消息则删除持久化信息，反之，则异常恢复正常后继续发送，直到成功为止。

待续。。。。。。

研究完如何使用后，最后要研究下源码的实现。

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