大数据传统企业实施理性篇---请放慢你的步伐

一、楔子

　　社区的力量是巨大的，开源的诱惑也 是魅力无穷，靠忽悠无法长久的云计算已是昨日黄花，IT新贵的发力点聚焦大数据，言必称大数据，语必谈数据黄金，更有甚者，高唱2013是大数据元 年，2014必将是大数据爆发的一年。而企业也已躁动不安，纷纷举旗遥相呐喊：“大数据我来了”。在此给这些企业泼盆冷水，降降温度。让大数据回归理性。

二、追本溯源-我们为什么需要大数据

　　基于开源平台发展起来的大数据技术，其发展的原动力来源于企业面临的瓶颈，这些瓶颈包括三个大的方面。

　　1.技术方面：

　　技术方面传统的关系型数据库无法存储海量增长的历史交易信息，无法快速响应实时查询需求，其实不是不能存，而是模式本身给业务带来了不便。

　　2.成本方面

　　成本方面遭遇到IT巨无霸的绑架，高性能的计算能力、存储能力是以$为代价的，一方面硬件采购成本无法无天，升级维护费用连绵不绝；另一方面在此之上的操作系统、数据库系统以及应用软件等都是价值不菲，成了企业不可承受之重；而以上两点只是开始，并非结束，最可怕的东西到不在于此，而在于其一旦应用就无法替代，这才是真正致命的地方。

也因为此成就IT时代的一个又一个巨无霸们。企业的决策者们都不是傻子，至少不会像你想象中的那么傻。所以才有了对开源的热切，才有了大数据技术的机会。

　　3.业务创新

　　锐意创新的人总是有的，而且总是走在时代的前列，利用大数据技术能否产生新的价值呢，能否带来业务上的创新呢？我们不要以功利之心去揣测别人，即使有，我也认为这些人是最可爱的，向这些人致敬。

三、成本优势-帐不是这么算的

　　成本方面大数据技术真的就有那么大优势吗？X86 PC Server比IBM小机便宜，傻子都能算出来的计算题你有什么质疑吗？其实也不尽然，大数据技术的新颖性和技术发展的不成熟，带来人力成本基本上可以直接干掉硬件成本的节约。但是如果综合起来，从直接成本和间接成本两个角度去看问题的时候，大数据的成本优势就能够体现出来了。如果再加上发展的观点、企业战略的观点看大数据，那么其成本优势则是完胜。

四、技术优势-有所为，有所不为

　　以己之长，攻彼之弱，无坚不摧；以己之短，攻彼之坚，自取其辱；

　　大数据技术有其自身适用领域、技术特点，同样因为其架构模式和设计原理，导致其有自身的缺陷：一方面源于自身的技术瓶颈，另一方面却是基于社区发展的约 束。大数据技术适用于互联网行业，其已经在发展过程中做过多次技术迭代和调整，其海量数据存储优势和并行计算能力已经得到验证，其数据质量控制观念也已经 形成，数据应用以数据总量体现方向和趋势，单点数据的缺失无举足轻重。而这种观点却不一定就适用传统行业，比如银行业务，你能用HBase去处理实时事务 性交易吗？言必称去IOE，只是一种战略，选个矮子比个头，就是高过去，你也没什么面子，所以去IOE，是有前提的，有些领域你还真去不了；其次，你如果 丢失了一条存取款数据，就会导致账务不平，恰好客户打印了自己的存单，钱去了何处？银行是需要给个说法的。基于此并不能说明大数据就不能应用到银行业务， 而是我们对待数据的严谨性，数据质量控制的观点必须转变，而不能继续以互联网思维模式去看待大数据在传统行业的应用，否则必然会在谩骂声中，灰溜溜的滚 蛋。

四、大数据演进路线图-业务驱动、稳扎稳打

　　大数据在传统行业的实施不可一蹴而就，以存储为基础，做好数据治理和质量控制，逐步实施。立足当下，放眼未来，才是正道。下面是我所总结的一张大数据演进路线图：

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