ubuntu 11.04 中安装 opencv 2.3

作者：android_lee2013

转自：http://blog.csdn.net/android_lee/article/details/8080053

OpenCV官网的安装教程好像写的很全面，window，linux，macOS各种环境的都写了，VS2010，Eclipse，Codeblocks各种IDE的也都写了，但是好像每个都没写明白，所以在这里写一个简明的教程，环境是ubuntu11.04，openCV 2.3，编译器G++，编辑器vim。

1. 安装openCV2.3的依赖包，如果只用其基本功能用：

  sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libjpeg62-dev libtiff4-dev cmake libswscale-dev libjasper-dev

想用其所有功能，用以下命令：

sudo apt-get install build-essentialsudo apt-get install cmakesudo apt-get install pkg-configsudo apt-get install libpng12-0 libpng12-dev libpng++-dev libpng3sudo apt-get install libpnglite-dev libpngwriter0-dev libpngwriter0c2sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dbg zlib1g zlib1g-devsudo apt-get install libjasper-dev libjasper-runtime libjasper1sudo apt-get install pngtools libtiff4-dev libtiff4 libtiffxx0c2 libtiff-toolssudo apt-get install libjpeg8 libjpeg8-dev libjpeg8-dbg libjpeg-progsudo apt-get install ffmpeg libavcodec-dev libavcodec52 libavformat52 libavformat-devsudo apt-get install libgstreamer0.10-0-dbg libgstreamer0.10-0  libgstreamer0.10-devsudo apt-get install libxine1-ffmpeg  libxine-dev libxine1-binsudo apt-get install libunicap2 libunicap2-devsudo apt-get install libdc1394-22-dev libdc1394-22 libdc1394-utilssudo apt-get install swigsudo apt-get install libv4l-0 libv4l-devsudo apt-get install python-numpy

2. 点击这里下载 OpenCV 2.3或者在terminal里执行以下命令

   wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/files/opencv-unix/2.2/OpenCV-2.3.1a.tar.bz2

3. 解压到home目录～/OpenCV-2.3.1（当然也可以是别的地方）

    tar -xvf OpenCV-2.3.1a.tar.bz2

4. 创建一个发布opencv的目录，比如～/OpenCV-2.3.1/release

    $ cd OpenCV-2.3.1    $ mkdir release    $ cd release

5. 执行以下命令：

    $ cmake ..    $ make    $ sudo make install

6. 打开home下的./bashrc

    $ gedit .bashrc

在文件最后加入以下内容：

    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/your_user_name/OpenCV-2.3.1/release/lib    export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/home/your_user_name/OpenCV-2.3.1/release/lib/pkgconfig    alias gcv="g++ `pkg-config --cflags opencv` `pkg-config --libs opencv`"

7. 把openCV里的例子编译以下：

    $ cd /home/your_user_name/OpenCV-2.3.1/samples/c    $ chmod a+x build_all.sh    $ ./build_all.sh

8. 由于我们已经在bashrc里创建了别名gcv，所以可以使用以下命令编译:

    $ gcv hellocv.cpp

hellocv.cpp 一个简单的例子：

[cpp] view plaincopy

1. <span style="color:#339900">#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"</span>  
2. <span style="color:#339900">#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"</span>  
3.    
4. <span style="color:#0000ff">using</span> <span style="color:#0000ff">namespace</span> cv<span style="color:#008080">;</span>  
5. <span style="color:#0000ff">using</span> <span style="color:#0000ff">namespace</span> std<span style="color:#008080">;</span>  
6.    
7. <span style="color:#0000ff">int</span> main<span style="color:#008000">(</span><span style="color:#0000ff">int</span> argc, <span style="color:#0000ff">char</span><span style="color:#000040">*</span> argv<span style="color:#008000">[</span><span style="color:#008000">]</span><span style="color:#008000">)</span>  
8. <span style="color:#008000">{</span>  
9.       Mat img <span style="color:#000080">=</span> imread<span style="color:#008000">(</span><span style="color:#FF0000">"lena.jpg"</span><span style="color:#008000">)</span><span style="color:#008080">;</span>   
10.    
11.        <span style="color:#0000ff">if</span><span style="color:#008000">(</span><span style="color:#000040">!</span>img.<span style="color:#007788">data</span><span style="color:#008000">)</span>   
12.        <span style="color:#0000ff">return</span> <span style="color:#000040">-</span><span style="color:#0000dd">1</span><span style="color:#008080">;</span>   
13.        namedWindow<span style="color:#008000">(</span><span style="color:#FF0000">"Lena"</span>, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE<span style="color:#008000">)</span><span style="color:#008080">;</span>   
14.        imshow<span style="color:#008000">(</span><span style="color:#FF0000">"Lena"</span>, img<span style="color:#008000">)</span><span style="color:#008080">;</span>   
15.        waitKey<span style="color:#008000">(</span><span style="color:#008000">)</span><span style="color:#008080">;</span>  
16.        <span style="color:#0000ff">return</span> <span style="color:#0000dd">0</span><span style="color:#008080">;</span>  
17. <span style="color:#008000">}</span>