主流Linux发行版的软件包管理对比速查表

使用 Linux 系统总是免不了要接触包管理工具。比如，

Debian/Ubuntu -- apt、

openSUSE        -- zypp、

Fedora              -- yum、

Mandriva          -- urpmi、

Slackware         -- slackpkg、

Archlinux         -- pacman、

Gentoo             -- emerge、

Foresight          -- conary、

Pardus              -- pisi，等等。

DistroWatch 针对上述包管理器的主要用法进行了总结，对 Linux 用户来说具有很好的参考作用。

任务apt
Debian, Ubuntuzypp
openSUSEyum
Fedora, CentOS安装包apt-get install <pkg>zypper install <pkg>yum install <pkg>移除包apt-get remove <pkg>zypper remove <pkg>yum erase <pkg>更新包列表apt-get updatezypper refreshyum check-update更新系统apt-get upgradezypper updateyum update列出源cat /etc/apt/sources.listzypper reposyum repolist添加源(edit /etc/apt/sources.list)zypper addrepo <path> <name>(add <repo> to /etc/yum.repos.d/)移除源(edit /etc/apt/sources.list)zypper removerepo <name>(remove <repo> from /etc/yum.repos.d/)搜索包apt-cache search <pkg>zypper search <pkg>yum search <pkg>列出已安装的包dpkg -lrpm -qarpm -qa任务urpmi
Mandrivaslackpkg
Slackwarepacman
Arch安装包urpmi <pkg>slackpkg install <pkg>pacman -S <pkg>移除包urpme <pkg>slackpkg remove <pkg>pacman -R <pkg>更新包列表urpmi.update -aslackpkg updatepacman -Sy更新系统urpmi –auto-selectslackpkg upgrade-allpacman -Su列出源urpmq –list-mediacat /etc/slackpkg/mirrorscat /etc/pacman.conf添加源urpmi.addmedia <name> <path>(edit /etc/slackpkg/mirrors)(edit /etc/pacman.conf)移除源urpmi.removemedia <media>(edit /etc/slackpkg/mirrors)(edit /etc/pacman.conf)搜索包urpmf <pkg>–pacman -Qs <pkg>列出已安装的包rpm -qals /var/log/packages/pacman -Qii任务conary
rPath, Foresightpisi
Pardusemerge
Gentoo安装包conary update <pkg>pisi install <pkg>emerge <pkg>移除包conary erase <pkg>pisi remove <pkg>emerge -C <pkg>更新包列表 pisi update-repoemerge –sync | layman -S [for added repositories]更新系统conary updateallpisi upgradeemerge -NuDa world列出源 pisi list-repolayman -L添加源 pisi add-repo <name> <path>layman -a移除源 pisi remove-repo <name>layman -d搜索包conary query <pkg>pisi search <pkg>emerge –search列出已安装的包conary querypisi list-installedcat /var/lib/portage | more