Same binary weight 位操作 bitset用法 STL

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Same binary weight

时间限制:300 ms  |  内存限制:65535 KB
难度:3
描述

The binary weight of a positive  integer is the number of 1's in its binary representation.for example,the decmial number 1 has a binary weight of 1,and the decimal number 1717 (which is 11010110101 in binary) has a binary weight of 7.Give a positive integer N,return the smallest integer greater than N that has the same binary weight as N.N will be between 1 and 1000000000,inclusive,the result is guaranteed to fit in a signed 32-bit interget.

输入
The input has multicases and each case contains a integer N.
输出
For each case,output the smallest integer greater than N that has the same binary weight as N.
样例输入
17174712555555
样例输出
171881117555557
来源
topcoder
上传者
骆魁永
大意是找出n转化为2进制时有相同的1,离得最近的那个;
直接用BitSet超时:
#include<iostream>#include<bitset>using namespace std;int main(){int n;while(cin>>n){bitset<32> b(n);//将n转化为二进制int temp1=b.count(),temp2;for(int i=n+1;;++i){bitset<32> c(i);temp2=c.count();//统计1的个数if(temp1==temp2){cout<<i<<endl;break;}}}}

先看看这几个例子:

1717(0110 1011 0101),下一位是 1718(0110 1011 0110

767(0010 1111 1111),下一位是 895(0011 0111 1111)

348(0001 0101 1100),下一位是 355(0001 0110 0011

其中不难发现一个规律,从右起的第一个“01”改变为“10”,并且在“01”的后面所有的“1”都移动至最后,事实上,这个就是解题的关键点,那么整个问题求解的核心就转移到这两个子问题:

1. 将右起第一个“01”,改变为“10”

2. 将该“01”后面的所有“1”移动至最后

所以直接操作二进制位就ok;
#include<iostream>#include<bitset>using namespace std;int main(){int n;while(cin>>n){bitset<32> b(n);//cout<<b<<endl;//for(int k=0;k<32;++k)//cout<<b[k]; //cout<<endl;int i,cont=0;for(i=0;i<32;i++){if(b[i]==1)cont++;if(b[i]==1&&b[i+1]==0){bool t;t=b[i];b[i]=b[i+1];b[i+1]=t;break;}}int j=i-1;for(i=0;i<=j;i++){if(i<cont-1)b[i]=1;elseb[i]=0;}//cout<<b<<endl;cout<<b.to_ulong()<<endl; }}


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