HOW TO:利用 Visual C# .NET 使 Word 自动新建文档

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本文中的代码示例将说明如何完成以下任务: • 插入包含文本和格式的段落。 • 浏览和修改文档中的不同范围。 • 插入表格、设置表格格式并在表格中填充数据。 • 添加图表。 要利用 Visual C# .NET 的自动化功能创建新的 Word 文档,请执行以下步骤: 1. 启动 Microsoft Visual Studio .NET。在文件菜单上,单击新建,然后单击项目。在项目类型下,单击 Visual C# 项目,然后单击模板下的 Windows 应用程序。默认情况下会创建 Form1。 2. 添加对 Microsoft Word 对象库的引用。为此,请按照下列步骤操作: a. 在项目菜单上,单击添加引用。 b. 在 COM 选项卡上,找到 Microsoft Word 对象库,然后单击选择。 c. 在添加引用对话框中单击确定,接受您的选择。如果系统提示您为选定的库生成包装,请单击。 3. 在视图菜单上,选择工具箱以显示工具箱,然后向 Form1 添加一个按钮。 4. 双击 Button1。出现该窗体的代码窗口。 5. 在代码窗口中,将以下代码
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e){}
替换为:
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e){object oMissing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;object oEndOfDoc = "//endofdoc"; /* /endofdoc is a predefined bookmark */ //Start Word and create a new document.Word._Application oWord;Word._Document oDoc;oWord = new Word.Application();oWord.Visible = true;oDoc = oWord.Documents.Add(ref oMissing, ref oMissing,ref oMissing, ref oMissing);//Insert a paragraph at the beginning of the document.Word.Paragraph oPara1;oPara1 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oMissing);oPara1.Range.Text = "Heading 1";oPara1.Range.Font.Bold = 1;oPara1.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;    //24 pt spacing after paragraph.oPara1.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();//Insert a paragraph at the end of the document.Word.Paragraph oPara2;object oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;oPara2 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);oPara2.Range.Text = "Heading 2";oPara2.Format.SpaceAfter = 6;oPara2.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();//Insert another paragraph.Word.Paragraph oPara3;oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;oPara3 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);oPara3.Range.Text = "This is a sentence of normal text. Now here is a table:";oPara3.Range.Font.Bold = 0;oPara3.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;oPara3.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();//Insert a 3 x 5 table, fill it with data, and make the first row//bold and italic.Word.Table oTable;Word.Range wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;oTable = oDoc.Tables.Add(wrdRng, 3, 5, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);oTable.Range.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;int r, c;string strText;for(r = 1; r <= 3; r++)for(c = 1; c <= 5; c++){strText = "r" + r + "c" + c;oTable.Cell(r, c).Range.Text = strText;}oTable.Rows[1].Range.Font.Bold = 1;oTable.Rows[1].Range.Font.Italic = 1;//Add some text after the table.Word.Paragraph oPara4;oRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;oPara4 = oDoc.Content.Paragraphs.Add(ref oRng);oPara4.Range.InsertParagraphBefore();oPara4.Range.Text = "And here's another table:";oPara4.Format.SpaceAfter = 24;oPara4.Range.InsertParagraphAfter();//Insert a 5 x 2 table, fill it with data, and change the column widths.wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;oTable = oDoc.Tables.Add(wrdRng, 5, 2, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);oTable.Range.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;for(r = 1; r <= 5; r++)for(c = 1; c <= 2; c++){strText = "r" + r + "c" + c;oTable.Cell(r, c).Range.Text = strText;}oTable.Columns[1].Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(2); //Change width of columns 1 & 2oTable.Columns[2].Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(3);//Keep inserting text. When you get to 7 inches from top of the//document, insert a hard page break.object oPos;double dPos = oWord.InchesToPoints(7);oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range.InsertParagraphAfter();do{wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;wrdRng.ParagraphFormat.SpaceAfter = 6;wrdRng.InsertAfter("A line of text");wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();oPos = wrdRng.get_Information                       (Word.WdInformation.wdVerticalPositionRelativeToPage);}while(dPos >= Convert.ToDouble(oPos));object oCollapseEnd = Word.WdCollapseDirection.wdCollapseEnd;object oPageBreak = Word.WdBreakType.wdPageBreak;wrdRng.Collapse(ref oCollapseEnd);wrdRng.InsertBreak(ref oPageBreak);wrdRng.Collapse(ref oCollapseEnd);wrdRng.InsertAfter("We're now on page 2. Here's my chart:");wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();//Insert a chart.Word.InlineShape oShape;object oClassType = "MSGraph.Chart.8";wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;oShape = wrdRng.InlineShapes.AddOLEObject(ref oClassType, ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing,ref oMissing, ref oMissing, ref oMissing);//Demonstrate use of late bound oChart and oChartApp objects to//manipulate the chart object with MSGraph.object oChart;object oChartApp;oChart = oShape.OLEFormat.Object;oChartApp = oChart.GetType().InvokeMember("Application",BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, oChart, null);//Change the chart type to Line.object[] Parameters = new Object[1];Parameters[0] = 4; //xlLine = 4oChart.GetType().InvokeMember("ChartType", BindingFlags.SetProperty,null, oChart, Parameters);//Update the chart image and quit MSGraph.oChartApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Update",BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, oChartApp, null);oChartApp.GetType().InvokeMember("Quit",BindingFlags.InvokeMethod, null, oChartApp, null);//... If desired, you can proceed from here using the Microsoft Graph //Object model on the oChart and oChartApp objects to make additional//changes to the chart.//Set the width of the chart.oShape.Width = oWord.InchesToPoints(6.25f);oShape.Height = oWord.InchesToPoints(3.57f);//Add text after the chart.wrdRng = oDoc.Bookmarks.get_Item(ref oEndOfDoc).Range;wrdRng.InsertParagraphAfter();wrdRng.InsertAfter("THE END.");//Close this form.this.Close();}
6. 滚动到代码窗口的顶部。将下面的代码行添加到 using 指令列表的末尾:
using Word = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Word;using System.Reflection;
7. 按 F5 键生成并运行程序。 8. 单击 Button1,启动 Word 自动化功能并创建文档。 代码执行完成后,检查为您创建的文档。该文档包含两页设置了格式的段落、表格和图表。

使用模板

如果您要使用自动化功能创建的文档都是通用格式,则利用基于预设格式的模板的新文档来开始创建过程会更加容易。与从头创建文档相比,将某个模板与 Word 自动化客户端配合使用有两大优点: • 您可以对整个文档中的对象的格式设置和布局施加更多控制。 • 可以使用较少的代码创建文档。 通过使用模板,可以精确地调整表格、段落和其他对象在文档中的布局,并可为这些对象添加格式设置。通过使用自动化功能,可以基于包含下面这样的代码的模板创建新文档:
object oTemplate = "c://MyTemplate.dot";oDoc = oWord.Documents.Add(ref oTemplate, ref oMissing,ref oMissing, ref oMissing);
在模板中,可以定义书签,这样,自动化客户端就可以在文档的特定位置加入可变文本,如下所示:
object oBookMark = "MyBookmark";oDoc.Bookmarks.Item(ref oBookMark).Range.Text = "Some Text Here";
使用模板的另一个优点在于,您可以创建和存储希望在运行时应用的格式样式,如下所示:
object oStyleName = "MyStyle";oDoc.Bookmarks.Item(ref oBookMark).Range.set_Style(ref oStyleName);
- 或者 -
object oStyleName = "MyStyle";oWord.Selection.set_Style(ref oStyleName);

参考

有关其他信息,请单击下面的文章编号,以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章:
301659 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/301659/EN-US/) HOWTO:利用 Visual C# .NET 使 Microsoft Word 自动执行邮件合并
302902 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/302902/EN-US/) HOWTO:用 Visual C# .NET 进行 Office 自动化服务器的绑定
有关详细信息,请访问下面的 Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) 网站:
Microsoft Office Development with Visual Studio(使用 Visual Studio 进行 Microsoft Office 开发)
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa188489(office.10).aspx (http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa188489(office.10).aspx)

Word in the Office (MSDN Online Article)(Office 中的 Word(MSDN 联机文章))
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnofftalk/html/office112000.asp (http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnofftalk/html/office112000.asp)

One More Word (MSDN Online Article)(补充说明(MSDN 联机文章))
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnofftalk/html/office12072000.asp (http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnofftalk/html/office12072000.asp)

这篇文章中的信息适用于:
• Microsoft Visual C# .NET 2002 标准版 • Microsoft Visual C# .NET 2003 标准版 • Microsoft Word 2002 标准版
 
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