Struts2验证框架 Struts2Validator

Action配置中一定要设置input返回页面

添加验证只要创建验证的xml文件

1.创建xml文件名

验证Action中全部方法

在Action同包下,创建:Action类名-validation.xml
如:ValidateAction创建ValidateAction-validation.xml

验证Action中单个方法

<!-- 每个方法单独配置一个Action --><!-- 在Action同包下,创建:Action类名-action方法配置名称-validation.xml --><action name="validateAdd" class="com.struts2.validator.ValidateAction" method="add"><!-- 要创建ValidateAction-validateAdd-validation.xml --><!-- 使用通配符配置 --><!-- 在Action同包下,创建:Action类名-action方法对应的名称-validation.xml --><action name="validate_*" class="com.struts2.validator.ValidateAction" method="{1}"><!-- 要创建ValidateAction-validate_add-validation.xml,validate_add为访问这个action方法的路径 -->

注意事项

注意:1.要验证的方法不能叫input.2.这样配置在form表单中要在<s:form action="validate_add">中action写好名称,不能写action="validate_",然后<s:submit value="提交"method="add" /> 这样会找不到对应的配置文件,跳过验证.3.如果验证出错,返回input页面时,那些存在ValueStack中的值会丢失,可以将Action实现Preparable接口,然后prepare()方法里初始化添加页面需要的值.4.如果使用Preparable接口,必须在action配置中添加<interceptor-ref name="paramsPrepareParamsStack" />.这样prepare()才能得到form提交的参数.

2.创建xml内容

<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC  "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"  "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">更改为:<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd"> <validators> <!-- 要验证的字段名称 --><!-- 要验证Action中UserBean的id字段,name="userBean.id"(userBean为Action中的变量名) -->    <field name="mail">    <!-- type要验证的类型,short-circuit(默认false),true含义,如果当前验证失败了,下面的验证就不执行了.如requiredstring失败了,email就不验证了. -->    <!-- field-validator下面可以有多个param元素,但是最多只能有一个message -->    <field-validator type="requiredstring">            <param name="trim">true</param>            <message>Please enter a mail</message>        </field-validator>    <field-validator type="email">    <message>    Invalid MAIL    </message>    </field-validator>    </field></validators>

Struts内建验证程序(type的值)

required

保证字段的值不是空值null.空字符串不是空值null.

<field name="userName">    <field-validator type="required">        <message>Please enter a user name</message>    </field-validator></field>

requiredstring

保证字段不是空值null,也不是空白(empty).
param:trim(boolean) ->true->去除前后空格

<field name="userName">    <field-validator type="requiredstring">        <param name="trim">true</param>        <message>Please enter a user name</message>    </field-validator></field><field name="password">    <field-validator type="requiredstring">        <param name="trim">false</param>        <message>Please enter a password</message>    </field-validator></field>

int

验证字段值是否可以转换为一个整数.
param: min(int);max(int)

 <field name="yeaar"><field-validator type="int">    <param name="min">1999</param>     <param name="max">2010</param>    <message>year:1999-2010</message></field-validator></field>

date

验证给定日期字段的值是否在一个给定的范围内.
param:max(date);min(date)

 <field name="borthday"><field-validator type="int">    <!-- 格式取决于当前地理时区 -->    <param name="min">1999-01-01</param>     <param name="max">2010-01-01</param>    <message>birthday:1999-2010</message></field-validator></field>

email

给定的String值是否是一个电子邮件地址

<field name="email">    <field-validator type="email">        <message>Invalid email</message>    </field-validator></field>

url

给定的String值是否是一个合法的URL(要有前缀)

<field name="url">    <field-validator type="url">        <message>Invalid URL</message>    </field-validator></field>

expression,fieldexpression

验证给定字段是否满足一个OGNL表达式.
区别:expression 不是一个字段验证程序,失败时将生成一个动作错误.(JSP中调用

<actionerror>

</actionerror>

才显示出错信息)
fieldexpression 是一个字段验证程序,失败时将抛出一个字段错误.(对字段验证)
param:expression(String)OGNL表达式

expression:

public class ExpressionTestAction {//属性生成get,set    private int min;    private int max;}<validator type="expression">    <param name="expression">        max > min    </param>    <message>        Maximum temperature must be greater than Minimum temperature    </message></validator><!-- jsp --><s:actionerror/>

fieldexpression:

public class FieldExpressionTestAction {//属性生成get,set    private int min;    private int max;}<!-- 对字段验证 --><field name="max">    <field-validator type="fieldexpression">        <param name="expression">            max > min        </param>        <message>            Maximum temperature must be greater than Minimum temperature        </message>    </field-validator></field>

visitor

把同一个验证程序配置文件用于多个动作(对一个Bean写验证文件,每个使用的Action只要引用)

//UserBeanpublic class UserBean {//属性get,setprivate String name;private int age;}//UserBean-validation.xml(和UserBean放在同一个包中)<field name="name">    <field-validator type="requiredstring">        <message>用户名必须</message>    </field-validator></field><field name="age">    <field-validator type="int">        <param name="min">18</param>        <param name="max">99</param>        <message>Age must be between 18 and 99</message>    </field-validator></field>//Action的validation.xml<!-- userBean变量名 --><field name="userBean">    <field-validator type="visitor">    <!-- message会和UserBean验证中的message一起显示 -->        <message>用户: </message>    </field-validator></field>

如果另一个Action对UserBean使用另一个标准的验证,可以创建新的验证文件

//UserBean-specific-validation.xml<!-- 和之前的验证不同 --><field name="age">    <field-validator type="int">        <param name="min">30</param>        <param name="max">50</param>        <message>Age must be between 30 and 50</message>    </field-validator></field>//另一个Action的validation.xml<field name="userBean">    <field-validator type="visitor">    <!-- xml中扩展的名字,执行UserBean-specific-validation.xml的验证 -->    <param name="context">specific</param>        <message>用户1: </message>    </field-validator></field>

conversion

检查对某个属性进行类型转换是否会导致一个转换错误

<field name="age">    <field-validator type="conversion">        <message>            An age must be an integer.        </message>    </field-validator></field>

stringlength

验证一个非空的字段值是不是足够的长度
param:minLength(int);maxLength(int);trim(boolean)

 <field name="password"><field-validator type="requiredstring">    <param name="minLength">6</param>     <param name="maxLength">14</param>    <message>length:6-14</message></field-validator></field>

regex

给定的值是否与一个给定的正则表达式匹配
param:expression(String)正则表达式;caseSensitive(boolean)是否区别大小写,默认为true;trim(boolean)是否去除前后空格

<field name="phone">    <field-validator type="regex">        <param name="expression">            <![CDATA[\d\d\d\-\d\d\d\-\d\d\d\d]]>        </param>        <message>            Invalid phone number or invalid format        </message>    </field-validator></field>

3.在action中验证

利用Validateable接口实现验证,实现void validate()方法.
ActionSupport类已经实现了这个接口

//继承ActionSupportpublic class User extends ActionSupport {    //属性get,set    private String userName;    private String password;    private static List<String> userNames = new ArrayList<String>();    static {        userNames.add("harry");        userNames.add("sally");    }    //验证方法    public void validate() {        if (userNames.contains(userName)) {//添加出错信息            addFieldError("userName",  "'" + userName + "' has been taken.");        }    }}

4.自定义验证类

要创建一个普通的验证程序(非字段验证程序),扩展ValidatorSupport类.验证失败要从validate方法调用addActionError方法.
要创建一个字段验证程序,扩展FieldValidatorSupport类.验证失败要从validate方法调用addFieldError方法.
如果要能接受参数,要在类中定义一个相应的属性,并生成get,set.

编写类

public class StrongPasswordValidator extends FieldValidatorSupport {//属性    private int minLength = -1;    public void setMinLength(int minLength) {        this.minLength = minLength;    }    public int getMinLength() {        return minLength;    }//验证方法    public void validate(Object object) throws ValidationException {        String fieldName = getFieldName();        String value = (String) getFieldValue(fieldName, object);        if (value == null || value.length() <= 0) {            // use a required validator for these            return;        }        if ((minLength > -1) && (value.length() < minLength)) {            addFieldError(fieldName, object);        } else if (!isPasswordStrong(value)) {            addFieldError(fieldName, object);        }    }        private static final String GROUP_1 = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";    private static final String GROUP_2 = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";    private static final String GROUP_3 = "0123456789";    protected boolean isPasswordStrong(String password) {        boolean ok1 = false;        boolean ok2 = false;        boolean ok3 = false;        int length = password.length();        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {            if (ok1 && ok2 && ok3) {                break;            }            String character = password.substring(i, i + 1);            System.out.println("character:" + character);            if (GROUP_1.contains(character)) {                ok1 = true;                continue;            }            if (GROUP_2.contains(character)) {                ok2 = true;                continue;            }            if (GROUP_3.contains(character)) {                ok3 = true;            }        }        return (ok1 && ok2 && ok3);    }    }

注册xml

在src下创建validators.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC  "-//OpenSymphony Group//XWork Validator Config 1.0//EN"  "http://www.opensymphony.com/xwork/xwork-validator-config-1.0.dtd"><validators><!-- 名称(type对应值),类路径 -->    <validator name="strongpassword"  class="com.validator.StrongPasswordValidator"/></validators>

使用验证

<field name="password">    <field-validator type="strongpassword">        <param name="minLength">8</param>        <message>            Password must be at least 8 characters long            and contains at least one lower case character,            one upper case character, and a digit.        </message>    </field-validator></field>