内核链表结构与函数源码分析

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                        内核链表的分析
一。 链表结构
struct list_head {
    struct list_head *next, *prev;
};               //链表结构体,两个指针域

二。链表操作
static inline void INIT_LIST_HEAD(struct list_head *list)
{
    list->next = list;
    list->prev = list;
}                                    //链表的初始化
================================================
static inline void list_add(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *head)
{
    __list_add(new, head, head->next);
}                    //链表操作,插入到头结点

static inline void list_add_tail(struct list_head *new, struct list_head *head)
{
    __list_add(new, head->prev, head);
}                    //链表操作,插入到尾结点

static inline void __list_add(struct list_head *new,
                  struct list_head *prev,
                  struct list_head *next)
{
    next->prev = new;
    new->next = next;
    new->prev = prev;
    prev->next = new;
}                    
================================================
static inline void list_del(struct list_head *entry)//删除一个结点
{
    __list_del(entry->prev, entry->next);
    entry->next = LIST_POISON1;                //指到一个无效的地址
    entry->prev = LIST_POISON2;
}
static inline void __list_del(struct list_head * prev, struct list_head * next)
{
    next->prev = prev;
    prev->next = next;
}
================================================
static inline void list_replace(struct list_head *old,
                struct list_head *new)
{
    new->next = old->next;
    new->next->prev = new;
    new->prev = old->prev;
    new->prev->next = new;
}
static inline void list_replace_init(struct list_head *old,
                    struct list_head *new)
{
    list_replace(old, new);               //链表头的替换
    INIT_LIST_HEAD(old);            //重新初始化旧链表
}

================================================
static inline void list_move(struct list_head *list, struct list_head *head)
{
    __list_del(list->prev, list->next);              //删除LIST结点
    list_add(list, head);                //加到另一个链表头
}
static inline void list_move_tail(struct list_head *list,
                  struct list_head *head)
{
    __list_del(list->prev, list->next);         //删队一个结点
    list_add_tail(list, head);            //加到另一个结尾
}
================================================
/**
 * list_is_last - tests whether @list is the last entry in list @head
 * @list: the entry to test
 * @head: the head of the list
 */
static inline int list_is_last(const struct list_head *list,
                const struct list_head *head)
{
    return list->next == head;      //判断是否是最后一个
}

/**
 * list_empty - tests whether a list is empty
 * @head: the list to test.
 */
static inline int list_empty(const struct list_head *head)
{
    return head->next == head;  //判断链表是否为空
}

static inline int list_empty_careful(const struct list_head *head)
{
    struct list_head *next = head->next;
    return (next == head) && (next == head->prev);
}              //安全的测试链表是否为空
=============================================
static inline int list_is_singular(const struct list_head *head)
{
    return !list_empty(head) && (head->next == head->prev);       //判断是否只有一个成员,头结点不包含在内
}

==============================================
static inline void list_cut_position(struct list_head *list,
        struct list_head *head, struct list_head *entry)
{
    if (list_empty(head))
        return;
    if (list_is_singular(head) &&
        (head->next != entry && head != entry))
        return;
    if (entry == head)
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(list);
    else
        __list_cut_position(list, head, entry);
}                                    //如果条件成立,将以entry为分隔线,以前接到list,以后接到head
=========================================================================================
static inline void __list_splice(const struct list_head *list,
                 struct list_head *prev,
                 struct list_head *next)
{
    struct list_head *first = list->next;
    struct list_head *last = list->prev;

    first->prev = prev;
    prev->next = first;

    last->next = next;
    next->prev = last;
}

/**
 * list_splice - join two lists, this is designed for stacks
 * @list: the new list to add.
 * @head: the place to add it in the first list.
 */                                               //合并两个链表,将list添加到head的第一个成员位置
static inline void list_splice(const struct list_head *list,
                struct list_head *head)
{
    if (!list_empty(list))
        __list_splice(list, head, head->next);
}
static inline void list_splice_tail(struct list_head *list,
                struct list_head *head)
{
    if (!list_empty(list))
        __list_splice(list, head->prev, head);
}               //这个同理,添加到尾

static inline void list_splice_init(struct list_head *list,
                    struct list_head *head)
{
    if (!list_empty(list)) {
        __list_splice(list, head, head->next);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(list);
    }
}                                      //合并两个链表并添加到第一个成员,并初始化一个链表

static inline void list_splice_tail_init(struct list_head *list,
                     struct list_head *head)
{
    if (!list_empty(list)) {
        __list_splice(list, head->prev, head);
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(list);
    }
}                    //合并两个链表并添加到尾部,并初始化一个链表
===================================================================
                    链表中,关键的部件,也是核心

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#define list_entry(ptr, type, member) \
    container_of(ptr, type, member)     //获取指针指向结构体成员的结构体指针

#define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({            \ (type*)0将0转换为type类型的指针
    const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr);    \   //得到指向成员指针的值     
    (type *)( (char *)__mptr - offsetof(type,member) );})        //得到member相对结构体的偏移量

#define offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER) ((size_t) &((TYPE *)0)->MEMBER)
=============================================================
#define list_first_entry(ptr, type, member) \
    list_entry((ptr)->next, type, member)        //得到第一个成员。结构体指针

#define list_for_each(pos, head) \
    for (pos = (head)->next; prefetch(pos->next), pos != (head); \
            pos = pos->next)       //遍历链表通常和list_entry合用(网上解释prefetch为提高速度,预取)
===============================================================
#define __list_for_each(pos, head) \
    for (pos = (head)->next; pos != (head); pos = pos->next)  //没有预取,速度较慢,可以用来读成员较少的,一个或零个

#define list_for_each_prev(pos, head) \
    for (pos = (head)->prev; prefetch(pos->prev), pos != (head); \
            pos = pos->prev)                                  //反向遍历
================================================================
#define list_for_each_safe(pos, n, head) \
    for (pos = (head)->next, n = pos->next; pos != (head); \
        pos = n, n = pos->next)                        //为了避免在遍历结点的时候,发生删除操作,以缓冲下一个,来避免这个情况
#define list_for_each_prev_safe(pos, n, head) \
    for (pos = (head)->prev, n = pos->prev; \
         prefetch(pos->prev), pos != (head); \
         pos = n, n = pos->prev)                        //同理
===================================================================
#define list_for_each_entry(pos, head, member)                \
    for (pos = list_entry((head)->next, typeof(*pos), member);    \
         prefetch(pos->member.next), &pos->member != (head);     \
         pos = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member))          //遍历整个链表,我没有看出与list_for_each有什么区别,
                                        //应该可以确定仅读某一类结构,因为有结构指针约定,没有搞清楚
#define list_for_each_entry_reverse(pos, head, member)            \
    for (pos = list_entry((head)->prev, typeof(*pos), member);    \
         prefetch(pos->member.prev), &pos->member != (head);     \
         pos = list_entry(pos->member.prev, typeof(*pos), member))           //反向遍历
===================================================================
#define list_prepare_entry(pos, head, member) \
    ((pos) ? : list_entry(head, typeof(*pos), member))          //如果不为空,则不变,如为空则返回一个结构体指针

#define list_for_each_entry_continue(pos, head, member)         \
    for (pos = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member);    \
         prefetch(pos->member.next), &pos->member != (head);    \
         pos = list_entry(pos->member.next, typeof(*pos), member))   //可以用做读链表中的成员

#define list_for_each_entry_continue_reverse(pos, head, member)        \
    for (pos = list_entry(pos->member.prev, typeof(*pos), member);    \
         prefetch(pos->member.prev), &pos->member != (head);    \
         pos = list_entry(pos->member.prev, typeof(*pos), member))       //反向读取

到此内枋链表函数源码就分析到这里了,如果有什么错误望大家指出来,共同学习













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