C++一点感司

标识（Identifiers）

有效标识由字母(letter)，数字(digits)和下划线 ( _ )组成。标识的长度没有限制，但是有些编译器只取前32个字符（剩下的字符会被忽略）。

空格(spaces)，标点(punctuation marks)和符号(symbols) 都不可以出现在标识中。 只有字母(letters)，数字(digits) 和下划线(_)是合法的。并且变量标识必须以字母开头。标识也可能以下划线（_）开头，但这种标识通常是保留给为外部连接用的。标识不可以以数字开头。

必须注意的另一条规则是当你给变量起名字时不可以和C++语言的关键字或你所使用的编译器的特殊关键字同名，因为这样与这些关键字产生混淆。例如，以下列出标准保留关键字，他们不允许被用作变量标识名称：

asm, auto, bool, break, case, catch, char, class, const, const_cast, continue, default, delete, do, double, dynamic_cast, else, enum, explicit, extern, false, float, for, friend, goto, if, inline, int, long, mutable, namespace, new, operator, private, protected, public, register, reinterpret_cast, return, short, signed, sizeof, static, static_cast, struct, switch, template, this, throw, true, try, typedef, typeid, typename, union, unsigned, using, virtual, void, volatile, wchar_t, while


另外，不要使用一些操作符的替代表示作为变量标识，因为在某些环境中它们可能被用作保留词：

and, and_eq, bitand, bitor, compl, not, not_eq, or, or_eq, xor, xor_eq


你的编译器还可能包含一些特殊保留词，例如许多生成16位码的编译器（比如一些DOS编译器）把 far, huge和 near也作为关键字。

非常重要：C++语言是“ 大小写敏感”(“case sensitive”) 的，即同样的名字字母大小写不同代表不同的变量标识。因此，例如变量RESULT，变量result和变量Result分别表示三个不同的变量标识.

 

基本数据类型（Fundamental Data types）

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