Java 7网络编程

网络编程指的是通过网络进行数据操作.既然是网络,就分为客户端和服务器端。常见面试题中有这么一题：C/S 与B/S的区别？

从几个方面：C/S(Client/Server)：此类程序安全，但是维护成本高。B/S(Browser/Server)：维护成本低，只需要维护服务器端即可，客户端不需要做出任何修改。

此类程序使用公共端口，包括公共协议，所以安全性很差。在Android 开发的时候，如果要考虑安全性使用Socket，如果要给予WEB的开发方便使用我

而对于网络的开发在java中分为两种，TCP（传输控制协议）、UDP（数据报协议）。TCP通过握手协议进行可靠的连接，UDP则是不可靠连接。

Java网络编程的全部操作位于Package java.net(该包：Provides the classes for implementing networking applications.）

所有已知接口

InterfaceDescriptionContentHandlerFactory

This interface defines a factory for content handlers.

CookiePolicy

CookiePolicy implementations decide which cookies should be accepted and which should be rejected.

CookieStore

A CookieStore object represents a storage for cookie.

DatagramSocketImplFactory

This interface defines a factory for datagram socket implementations.

FileNameMap

A simple interface which provides a mechanism to map between a file name and a MIME type string.

ProtocolFamily

Represents a family of communication protocols.

SocketImplFactory

This interface defines a factory for socket implementations.

SocketOption<T>

A socket option associated with a socket.

SocketOptions

Interface of methods to get/set socket options.

URLStreamHandlerFactory

This interface defines a factory for URL stream protocol handlers.

相关类：

ClassDescriptionAuthenticator

The class Authenticator represents an object that knows how to obtain authentication for a network connection.

CacheRequest

Represents channels for storing resources in the ResponseCache.

CacheResponse

Represent channels for retrieving resources from the ResponseCache.

ContentHandler

The abstract class ContentHandler is the superclass of all classes that read an Object from a URLConnection.

CookieHandler

A CookieHandler object provides a callback mechanism to hook up a HTTP state management policy implementation into the HTTP protocol handler.

CookieManager

CookieManager provides a concrete implementation of CookieHandler, which separates the storage of cookies from the policy surrounding accepting and rejecting cookies.

DatagramPacket

This class represents a datagram packet.

DatagramSocket

This class represents a socket for sending and receiving datagram packets.

DatagramSocketImpl

Abstract datagram and multicast socket implementation base class.

HttpCookie

An HttpCookie object represents an http cookie, which carries state information between server and user agent.

HttpURLConnection

A URLConnection with support for HTTP-specific features.

IDN

Provides methods to convert internationalized domain names (IDNs) between a normal Unicode representation and an ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE) representation.

Inet4Address

This class represents an Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) address.

Inet6Address

This class represents an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) address.

InetAddress

This class represents an Internet Protocol (IP) address.

InetSocketAddress

This class implements an IP Socket Address (IP address + port number) It can also be a pair (hostname + port number), in which case an attempt will be made to resolve the hostname.

InterfaceAddress

This class represents a Network Interface address.

JarURLConnection

A URL Connection to a Java ARchive (JAR) file or an entry in a JAR file.

MulticastSocket

The multicast datagram socket class is useful for sending and receiving IP multicast packets.

NetPermission

This class is for various network permissions.

NetworkInterface

This class represents a Network Interface made up of a name, and a list of IP addresses assigned to this interface.

PasswordAuthentication

The class PasswordAuthentication is a data holder that is used by Authenticator.

Proxy

This class represents a proxy setting, typically a type (http, socks) and a socket address.

ProxySelector

Selects the proxy server to use, if any, when connecting to the network resource referenced by a URL.

ResponseCache

Represents implementations of URLConnection caches.

SecureCacheResponse

Represents a cache response originally retrieved through secure means, such as TLS.

ServerSocket

This class implements server sockets.

Socket

This class implements client sockets (also called just "sockets").

SocketAddress

This class represents a Socket Address with no protocol attachment.

SocketImpl

The abstract class SocketImpl is a common superclass of all classes that actually implement sockets.

SocketPermission

This class represents access to a network via sockets.

StandardSocketOptions

Defines the standard socket options.

URI

Represents a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) reference.

URL

Class URL represents a Uniform Resource Locator, a pointer to a "resource" on the World Wide Web.

URLClassLoader

This class loader is used to load classes and resources from a search path of URLs referring to both JAR files and directories.

URLConnection

The abstract class URLConnection is the superclass of all classes that represent a communications link between the application and a URL.

URLDecoder

Utility class for HTML form decoding.

URLEncoder

Utility class for HTML form encoding.

URLStreamHandler

The abstract class URLStreamHandler is the common superclass for all stream protocol handlers.

terface 

Interface