Android - 环境配置

http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2302780

Hi guys and future devs  here you will find a very helpful guide on how to setup the android development so that you can basically do anything you want! 
I'll suggest you many useful programs that are needed in this field 
In this guide I'll be using Ubuntu 13.04 but probably this will also work on 12.04-12.10 and future releases!


Ok now let's begin with the real stuff 

INSTALL UBUNTU

The first thing you'll need to do is obviously the ubuntu installation, unfortunately i won't cover this part of the guide cause I think that everyone who is looking at this guide knows how to install an OS on a Desktop  (hope so)

Download

SETUP ANDROID DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
WHAT WE NEED
1- JDK 6(Java Development Kit) NOTE: you will need to sign in the oracle site for this version of java unfortunately  )
2- GNU Make (Optional)
3- Python 2.7
4- Git 1.7
5- Android SDK
6- Some more packages

INSTALLATION

JDK

Installing the JDK is pretty tricky and stressful every time 
First, download the JDK 6, which you can download here. Download the .bin file! (in this case my JDK has been downloaded in the ~/Download folder and my file is named jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin)
Open up your terminal and type

Code:

$ sudo mkdir /usr/lib/jvm$ cd ~/Downloads/$ chmod +x jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin$ ./jdk-6u45-linux-x64.bin$ sudo mv jdk1.6.0_45 /usr/lib/jvm/$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.6.0_45/bin/javac 1$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.6.0_45/bin/java 1$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.6.0_45/bin/jar 1$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javaws javaws /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.6.0_45/bin/javaws 1$ java -version

Ok, if you did everything fine you should now have the JDK installed correctly 

GIT

This is the easiest one 

Code:

$ sudo apt-get install git$ y

PYTHON

Download the 2.7.5 version or newer here

Code:

$ cd ~/Downloads/$ tar -xzvf Python-2.7.5.tgz$ cd Python-2.7.5/$ ./configure$ make$ sudo make altinstall

GNU

You don't need this step, do this just if you want the latest version of GNU Make 
Download the latest version here

Code:

$ cd ~/Downloads/$ tar -zxvf make-3.82.tar.gz$ cd make-3.82$ ./configure$ make$ sudo make install

OTHER PACKAGES

These packages are needed to run many many android commands such as ADB and FASTBOOT (only 64-bit needs this)

Code:

$ sudo apt-get install ia32-libs$ y

This will take about 20 mins especially if you have a slow processor or internet connection so relax and have a coffee 

ANDROID SDK

This will be your best friend from now on 
Download it here > download for other platforms > download the sdk tools only
Ok now i always create a Development folder where i put all the android development stuff (you can do whatever you think here)

Code:

$ mkdir ~/development$ cd ~/Downloads$ tar -zxvf android-sdk_r22.0.1-linux.tgz$ mv ~/Downloads/android-sdk-linux ~/development/

Now you're ready to run the Android SDK 

SETUP ADB/FASTBOOT

Open up the Android SDK by running this command

Code:

$ cd ~/development/android-sdk-linux/tools$ ./android

At this point the SDK should come up and you will need to download at least all the tools and all the extras files, so select them and install'em.
When it finishes downloading everything you have to run this commands in another terminal

Code:

$ sudo gedit .bashrc

And you need to add at the end of it your SDK paths

Code:

#Android PATHSexport PATH=$PATH:~/development/android-sdk-linux/toolsexport PATH=$PATH:~/development/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools

If you followed everything now adb and fastboot should work!
to check this you need to close all the terminals opened, reopen one and simply type

Code:

$ adb$ fastboot

You should get a long list of possible commands  if so you're done!

FIXING NO PERMISSIONS ERROR

Probably, if you run

Code:

$ adb devicesor $ fastboot devices

right now you'll get a strange output, something like this

Code:

???????? No permissions

In order to avoid this message we have to create a simple file

Code:

$ cd /tmp/$ touch android.rules$ nano android.rules

Now you have to paste this lines in that file and save it

Code:

SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0bb4", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0e79", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0502", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0b05", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="413c", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0489", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="091e", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="18d1", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0bb4", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="12d1", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="24e3", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="2116", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0482", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="17ef", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="1004", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="22b8", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0409", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="2080", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0955", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="2257", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="10a9", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="1d4d", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0471", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="04da", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="05c6", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="1f53", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="04e8", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="04dd", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0fce", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0930", MODE="0666"SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTRS{idVendor}=="19d2", MODE="0666"

Now you have to set the right permissions to this file, just type

Code:

$ sudo cp /tmp/android.rules /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules$ sudo chmod 644   /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules$ sudo chown root. /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules$ sudo service udev restart$ sudo killall adb

SUGGESTED PROGRAMS

ECLIPSE

In the Android world you don't want to miss the Eclipse IDE which is the most used one! This tool will help you developing/making android apps
You can download it here (download the classic one)

Code:

$ cd ~/Downloads$ tar -zxvf eclipse-SDK-4.2.2-linux-gtk-x86_64.tar.gz$ mv ~/Downloads/eclipse ~/development/

SETUP INFO


NOTE: If you download the entire ADT bundle provided by google you will get the SDK and Eclipse IDE together 

ANDROID STUDIO

This is the new development IDE made in Google, personally i love it!
You can download it from here
It has a lot of new features that Eclipse doesn't have and it could be useful in some cases

Code:

$ cd ~/Downloads$ tar -zxvf android-studio-bundle-130.687321-linux.tgz$ mv ~/Downloads/android-studio ~/development/

To run it you just need to navigate to its bin folder and type

Code:

$ ./studio.sh