iOS中使用RegexKitLite来试用正则表达式

准备工作，下载RegexKitLite 软件包，解压后有2个文件，需要加载到project中。

然后还要加载frameworklibicucore.dylib，因为RegexKitLite是调用这个里面的API,苹果规定过不能使用私有的api和没有发布的api。实际上RegexKitLite对NSString做了扩展，目前只支持NSString，对我来说也够了...

基本使用的例子（更多信息参看官方文档）
1.

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

1. NSString *searchString = @"This is neat.";
2. NSString *regexString = @"(//w+)//s+(//w+)//s+(//w+)";
3. NSRange matchedRange = NSMakeRange(NSNotFound, 0UL);
4. NSError *error = NULL;
5. matchedRange = [searchString rangeOfRegex:regexString options:RKLNoOptions inRange:searchRange capture:2L error:&error];
6. NSLog(@"matchedRange: %@", NSStringFromRange(matchedRange));
7. // 2008-03-18 03:51:16.530 test[51583:813] matchedRange: {5, 2}，//匹配到‘is‘
8. NSString *matchedString = [searchString substringWithRange:matchedRange];
9. NSLog(@"matchedString: '%@'", matchedString);
10. // 2008-03-18 03:51:16.532 test[51583:813] matchedString: 'is' //生成子字符串

NSString *searchString = @"This is neat.";NSString *regexString = @"(//w+)//s+(//w+)//s+(//w+)";NSRange matchedRange = NSMakeRange(NSNotFound, 0UL);NSError *error = NULL;matchedRange = [searchString rangeOfRegex:regexString options:RKLNoOptions inRange:searchRange capture:2L error:&error];NSLog(@"matchedRange: %@", NSStringFromRange(matchedRange));// 2008-03-18 03:51:16.530 test[51583:813] matchedRange: {5, 2}，//匹配到‘is‘NSString *matchedString = [searchString substringWithRange:matchedRange];NSLog(@"matchedString: '%@'", matchedString);// 2008-03-18 03:51:16.532 test[51583:813] matchedString: 'is' //生成子字符串

2.找到第一个匹配并返回一个NSString

[cpp] view plaincopyprint?

1. NSString *searchString = @"This is neat.";
2. NSString *regexString = @"(//w+)//s+(//w+)//s+(//w+)";
3. NSString *matchedString = [searchString stringByMatching:regexString capture:2L];
4. NSLog(@"matchedString: '%@'", matchedString);
5. // 2008-03-18 03:53:42.949 test[51583:813] matchedString: 'is'

NSString *searchString = @"This is neat.";NSString *regexString = @"(//w+)//s+(//w+)//s+(//w+)";NSString *matchedString = [searchString stringByMatching:regexString capture:2L];NSLog(@"matchedString: '%@'", matchedString);// 2008-03-18 03:53:42.949 test[51583:813] matchedString: 'is'

3.查找和替换，加括号和概念和Python中的一样，$1指代第一个括号中的内容

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1. NSString *searchString = @"This is neat.";
2. NSString *regexString = @"//b(//w+)//b";
3. NSString *replaceWithString = @"{$1}";
4. NSString *replacedString = NULL;
5. replacedString = [searchString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfRegex:regexString withString:replaceWithString];
6. //NSMutableString可以直接替换，并返回替换的次数
7. NSLog(@"replaced string: '%@'", replacedString);
8. // 2008-07-01 19:03:03.195 test[68775:813] replaced string: '{This} {is} {neat}.'
9. NSMutableString *mutableString = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"This is neat."];
10. NSString *regexString = @"//b(//w+)//b";
11. NSString *replaceWithString = @"{$1}";
12. NSUInteger replacedCount = 0UL;
13. replacedCount = [mutableString replaceOccurrencesOfRegex:regexString withString:replaceWithString];
14. NSLog(@"count: %lu string: '%@'", (u_long)replacedCount, mutableString);
15. // 2008-07-01 21:25:43.433 test[69689:813] count: 3 string: '{This} {is} {neat}.'

NSString *searchString = @"This is neat.";NSString *regexString = @"//b(//w+)//b";NSString *replaceWithString = @"{$1}";NSString *replacedString = NULL;replacedString = [searchString stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfRegex:regexString withString:replaceWithString];//NSMutableString可以直接替换，并返回替换的次数NSLog(@"replaced string: '%@'", replacedString);// 2008-07-01 19:03:03.195 test[68775:813] replaced string: '{This} {is} {neat}.'NSMutableString *mutableString = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"This is neat."];NSString *regexString = @"//b(//w+)//b";NSString *replaceWithString = @"{$1}";NSUInteger replacedCount = 0UL;replacedCount = [mutableString replaceOccurrencesOfRegex:regexString withString:replaceWithString];NSLog(@"count: %lu string: '%@'", (u_long)replacedCount, mutableString);// 2008-07-01 21:25:43.433 test[69689:813] count: 3 string: '{This} {is} {neat}.'

4.用于拆分，返回一个拆分后的字符串数组

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1. NSString *searchString = @"This is neat.";
2. NSString *regexString = @"//s+";
3. NSArray *splitArray = NULL;
4. splitArray = [searchString componentsSeparatedByRegex:regexString];
5. // splitArray == { @"This", @"is", @"neat." }
6. NSLog(@"splitArray: %@", splitArray);

NSString *searchString = @"This is neat.";NSString *regexString = @"//s+";NSArray *splitArray = NULL;splitArray = [searchString componentsSeparatedByRegex:regexString];// splitArray == { @"This", @"is", @"neat." }NSLog(@"splitArray: %@", splitArray);

5.返回所有匹配的字符串数组，这个例子中虽然有多个括号，但是componentsMatchedByRegex不管

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1. NSString *searchString = @"$10.23, $1024.42, $3099";
2. NSString *regexString = @"//$((//d+)(?://.(//d+)|//.?))";
3. NSArray *matchArray = NULL;
4. matchArray = [searchString componentsMatchedByRegex:regexString];
5. // matchArray == { @"$10.23", @"$1024.42", @"$3099" };
6. NSLog(@"matchArray: %@", matchArray);
7. 6.返回所有匹配的字符串数组处理所有的括号
8. NSString *searchString = @"$10.23, $1024.42, $3099";
9. NSString *regexString = @"//$((//d+)(?://.(//d+)|//.?))";
10. NSArray *capturesArray = NULL;
11. capturesArray = [searchString arrayOfCaptureComponentsMatchedByRegex:regexString];
12. /* capturesArray ==
13. [NSArray arrayWithObjects:
14. [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @"$10.23", @"10.23", @"10", @"23", NULL],
15. [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"$1024.42", @"1024.42", @"1024", @"42", NULL],
16. [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @"$3099", @"3099", @"3099", @"", NULL],
17. NULL];
18. */
19. NSLog(@"capturesArray: %@", capturesArray);
20. 输出结果：
21. shell% ./capturesArray↵
22. 2009-05-06 03:25:46.852 capturesArray[69981:10b] capturesArray: (
23. (
24. "$10.23",
25. "10.23",
26. 10,
27. 23
28. ),
29. (
30. "$1024.42",
31. "1024.42",
32. 1024,
33. 42
34. ),
35. (
36. "$3099",
37. 3099,
38. 3099,
39. ""
40. )
41. )

NSString *searchString = @"$10.23, $1024.42, $3099";NSString *regexString = @"//$((//d+)(?://.(//d+)|//.?))";NSArray *matchArray = NULL;matchArray = [searchString componentsMatchedByRegex:regexString];// matchArray == { @"$10.23", @"$1024.42", @"$3099" };NSLog(@"matchArray: %@", matchArray);6.返回所有匹配的字符串数组处理所有的括号NSString *searchString = @"$10.23, $1024.42, $3099";NSString *regexString = @"//$((//d+)(?://.(//d+)|//.?))";NSArray *capturesArray = NULL;capturesArray = [searchString arrayOfCaptureComponentsMatchedByRegex:regexString];/* capturesArray ==[NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @"$10.23", @"10.23", @"10", @"23", NULL], [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"$1024.42", @"1024.42", @"1024", @"42", NULL], [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @"$3099", @"3099", @"3099", @"", NULL], NULL];*/NSLog(@"capturesArray: %@", capturesArray);输出结果：shell% ./capturesArray↵2009-05-06 03:25:46.852 capturesArray[69981:10b] capturesArray: ( ( "$10.23", "10.23", 10, 23 ), ( "$1024.42", "1024.42", 1024, 42 ), ( "$3099", 3099, 3099, "" ))