core 下api
#define ngx_http_conf_get_module_loc_conf(cf, module) \
((ngx_http_conf_ctx_t *) cf->ctx)->loc_conf[module.ctx_index]
第一种
http://blog.csdn.net/xiajun07061225/article/details/9130237
Nginx学习之一-第一个程序Hello World
分类: Nginx2013-06-19 16:50 1980人阅读 收藏 举报
NginxLinux服务器
本例子实现了一个简单的hello world程序。运行效果:
虚拟机Ubuntu中:
win7中chrome浏览器:
一、config文件编写
Nginx提供了一种简单的方式将第三方的模块编译到Nginx中。首先把源代码文件全部放到一个目录下,同时在该目录中编写一个文件用于通知Nginx如何编译本模块,这个文件名必须为config。
然后,在configure脚本执行时加入参数--add-module=PATH(新模块源代码以及config文件存放目录),就可以在执行政策编译安装流程时完成Nginx编译工作。
config文件格式
config文件其实是一个可执行的Shell脚本,如果只想开发一个HTTP模块,需要定义三个变量:
(1)ngx_adon_name。
仅在configure执行时使用,一般设置为模块名称。
(2)HTTP_MODULES。
保存所有的HTTP模块名称。每个模块间由空格相连。在重新设置这个变量时,不要直接覆盖,因此要如下设置:
"$HTTP_MODULES ngx_http_mytest_module"
(3)NGX_ADDON_SRCS。
用于指定新模块的源代码,多个待编译的源代码之间可以用空格相连。
注意,在设置这个变量时可以使用$ngx_addon_dir变量,它等价于configure执行时--add-module=PATH的PATH参数。
因此本例中的config文件内容如下:
- ngx_addon_name=ngx_http_mytest_module
- HTTP_MODULES="$HTTP_MODULES ngx_http_mytest_module"
- NGX_ADDON_SRCS="$NGX_ADDON_SRCS $ngx_addon_dir/ngx_http_mytest_module.c"
二、修改配置文件
/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
添加下面内容:
三、定义HTTP模块及处理用户请求
源代码:
- #include <ngx_config.h>
- #include <ngx_core.h>
- #include <ngx_http.h>
-
- static ngx_int_t ngx_http_mytest_handler(ngx_http_request_t *r);
- static char *
- ngx_http_mytest(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf);
-
- static ngx_command_t ngx_http_mytest_commands[] = {
- {
- ngx_string("mytest"),
- NGX_HTTP_MAIN_CONF|NGX_HTTP_SRV_CONF|NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF|NGX_HTTP_LMT_CONF|NGX_CONF_NOARGS,
- ngx_http_mytest,
- NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET,
- 0,
- NULL
- },
- ngx_null_command
- };
-
- static ngx_http_module_t ngx_http_mytest_module_ctx = {
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL
- };
-
- ngx_module_t ngx_http_mytest_module = {
- NGX_MODULE_V1,
- &ngx_http_mytest_module_ctx,
- ngx_http_mytest_commands,
- NGX_HTTP_MODULE,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NULL,
- NGX_MODULE_V1_PADDING
- };
-
-
- static char *
- ngx_http_mytest(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf)
- {
- ngx_http_core_loc_conf_t *clcf;
-
- clcf = ngx_http_conf_get_module_loc_conf(cf, ngx_http_core_module);
-
- clcf->handler = ngx_http_mytest_handler;
-
- return NGX_CONF_OK;
- }
-
-
- static ngx_int_t ngx_http_mytest_handler(ngx_http_request_t *r)
- {
- if (!(r->method & (NGX_HTTP_GET | NGX_HTTP_HEAD))) {
- return NGX_HTTP_NOT_ALLOWED;
- }
-
- ngx_int_t rc = ngx_http_discard_request_body(r);
- if (rc != NGX_OK) {
- return rc;
- }
-
- ngx_str_t type = ngx_string("text/plain");
- ngx_str_t response = ngx_string("Hello World");
- r->headers_out.status = NGX_HTTP_OK;
- r->headers_out.content_length_n = response.len;
- r->headers_out.content_type = type;
-
- rc = ngx_http_send_header(r);
- if (rc == NGX_ERROR || rc > NGX_OK || r->header_only) {
- return rc;
- }
-
- ngx_buf_t *b;
- b = ngx_create_temp_buf(r->pool, response.len);
- if (b == NULL) {
- return NGX_HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;
- }
-
- ngx_memcpy(b->pos, response.data, response.len);
- b->last = b->pos + response.len;
- b->last_buf = 1;
-
- ngx_chain_t out;
- out.buf = b;
- out.next = NULL;
-
- return ngx_http_output_filter(r, &out);
- }
四、编译安装新模块
编译安装新模块的命令如下:
- ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx(指定安装部署后的根目录) --add-module=/home/nginx(新模块存放目录)
- make
- sudo make install
五、参考资料:
《深入理解Ngnix》
淘宝tengine
nginx模块开发入门
第二种
http://tengine.taobao.org/book/chapter_03.html#hello-handler
#include <ngx_config.h>#include <ngx_core.h>#include <ngx_http.h>typedef struct{ ngx_str_t hello_string; ngx_int_t hello_counter;}ngx_http_hello_loc_conf_t;static ngx_int_t ngx_http_hello_init(ngx_conf_t *cf);static void *ngx_http_hello_create_loc_conf(ngx_conf_t *cf);static char *ngx_http_hello_string(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf);static char *ngx_http_hello_counter(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf);static ngx_command_t ngx_http_hello_commands[] = { { ngx_string("hello_string"), NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF|NGX_CONF_NOARGS|NGX_CONF_TAKE1, ngx_http_hello_string, NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET, offsetof(ngx_http_hello_loc_conf_t, hello_string), NULL }, { ngx_string("hello_counter"), NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF|NGX_CONF_FLAG, ngx_http_hello_counter, NGX_HTTP_LOC_CONF_OFFSET, offsetof(ngx_http_hello_loc_conf_t, hello_counter), NULL }, ngx_null_command};/*static u_char ngx_hello_default_string[] = "Default String: Hello, world!";*/static int ngx_hello_visited_times = 0;static ngx_http_module_t ngx_http_hello_module_ctx = { NULL, /* preconfiguration */ ngx_http_hello_init, /* postconfiguration */ NULL, /* create main configuration */ NULL, /* init main configuration */ NULL, /* create server configuration */ NULL, /* merge server configuration */ ngx_http_hello_create_loc_conf, /* create location configuration */ NULL /* merge location configuration */};ngx_module_t ngx_http_hello_module = { NGX_MODULE_V1, &ngx_http_hello_module_ctx, /* module context */ ngx_http_hello_commands, /* module directives */ NGX_HTTP_MODULE, /* module type */ NULL, /* init master */ NULL, /* init module */ NULL, /* init process */ NULL, /* init thread */ NULL, /* exit thread */ NULL, /* exit process */ NULL, /* exit master */ NGX_MODULE_V1_PADDING};static ngx_int_tngx_http_hello_handler(ngx_http_request_t *r){ ngx_int_t rc; ngx_buf_t *b; ngx_chain_t out; ngx_http_hello_loc_conf_t* my_conf; u_char ngx_hello_string[1024] = {0}; ngx_uint_t content_length = 0; ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, r->connection->log, 0, "ngx_http_hello_handler is called!"); my_conf = ngx_http_get_module_loc_conf(r, ngx_http_hello_module); if (my_conf->hello_string.len == 0 ) { ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, r->connection->log, 0, "hello_string is empty!"); return NGX_DECLINED; } if (my_conf->hello_counter == NGX_CONF_UNSET || my_conf->hello_counter == 0) { ngx_sprintf(ngx_hello_string, "%s", my_conf->hello_string.data); } else { ngx_sprintf(ngx_hello_string, "%s Visited Times:%d", my_conf->hello_string.data, ++ngx_hello_visited_times); } ngx_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, r->connection->log, 0, "hello_string:%s", ngx_hello_string); content_length = ngx_strlen(ngx_hello_string); /* we response to 'GET' and 'HEAD' requests only */ if (!(r->method & (NGX_HTTP_GET|NGX_HTTP_HEAD))) { return NGX_HTTP_NOT_ALLOWED; } /* discard request body, since we don't need it here */ rc = ngx_http_discard_request_body(r); if (rc != NGX_OK) { return rc; } /* set the 'Content-type' header */ /* *r->headers_out.content_type.len = sizeof("text/html") - 1; *r->headers_out.content_type.data = (u_char *)"text/html"; */ ngx_str_set(&r->headers_out.content_type, "text/html"); /* send the header only, if the request type is http 'HEAD' */ if (r->method == NGX_HTTP_HEAD) { r->headers_out.status = NGX_HTTP_OK; r->headers_out.content_length_n = content_length; return ngx_http_send_header(r); } /* allocate a buffer for your response body */ b = ngx_pcalloc(r->pool, sizeof(ngx_buf_t)); if (b == NULL) { return NGX_HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR; } /* attach this buffer to the buffer chain */ out.buf = b; out.next = NULL; /* adjust the pointers of the buffer */ b->pos = ngx_hello_string; b->last = ngx_hello_string + content_length; b->memory = 1; /* this buffer is in memory */ b->last_buf = 1; /* this is the last buffer in the buffer chain */ /* set the status line */ r->headers_out.status = NGX_HTTP_OK; r->headers_out.content_length_n = content_length; /* send the headers of your response */ rc = ngx_http_send_header(r); if (rc == NGX_ERROR || rc > NGX_OK || r->header_only) { return rc; } /* send the buffer chain of your response */ return ngx_http_output_filter(r, &out);}static void *ngx_http_hello_create_loc_conf(ngx_conf_t *cf){ ngx_http_hello_loc_conf_t* local_conf = NULL; local_conf = ngx_pcalloc(cf->pool, sizeof(ngx_http_hello_loc_conf_t)); if (local_conf == NULL) { return NULL; } ngx_str_null(&local_conf->hello_string); local_conf->hello_counter = NGX_CONF_UNSET; return local_conf;}/*static char *ngx_http_hello_merge_loc_conf(ngx_conf_t *cf, void *parent, void *child){ ngx_http_hello_loc_conf_t* prev = parent; ngx_http_hello_loc_conf_t* conf = child; ngx_conf_merge_str_value(conf->hello_string, prev->hello_string, ngx_hello_default_string); ngx_conf_merge_value(conf->hello_counter, prev->hello_counter, 0); return NGX_CONF_OK;}*/static char *ngx_http_hello_string(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf){ ngx_http_hello_loc_conf_t* local_conf; local_conf = conf; char* rv = ngx_conf_set_str_slot(cf, cmd, conf); ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0, "hello_string:%s", local_conf->hello_string.data); return rv;}static char *ngx_http_hello_counter(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf){ ngx_http_hello_loc_conf_t* local_conf; local_conf = conf; char* rv = NULL; rv = ngx_conf_set_flag_slot(cf, cmd, conf); ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0, "hello_counter:%d", local_conf->hello_counter); return rv;}static ngx_int_tngx_http_hello_init(ngx_conf_t *cf){ ngx_http_handler_pt *h; ngx_http_core_main_conf_t *cmcf; cmcf = ngx_http_conf_get_module_main_conf(cf, ngx_http_core_module); h = ngx_array_push(&cmcf->phases[NGX_HTTP_CONTENT_PHASE].handlers); if (h == NULL) { return NGX_ERROR; } *h = ngx_http_hello_handler; return NGX_OK;}
#define ngx_http_conf_get_module_loc_conf(cf, module) \
((ngx_http_conf_ctx_t *) cf->ctx)->loc_conf[module.ctx_index]
#define ngx_http_cycle_get_module_main_conf(cycle, module) \
((ngx_http_conf_ctx_t *) \
cycle->conf_ctx[ngx_http_module.index])->main_conf[module.ctx_index]
两种区别的关键是 后一种是在完成配置文件解析后直接在cycle的 main_conf中相应位置加入了, 第一种之后应该还有相应的合并等操作吧
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