AppWidget开发

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一．开发Widget步骤

官方文档

1.添加Widget的描述文档（xml）--对此Widget的相关设置，如宽和高，更新时间，显示Layout，Activity连接相关

代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<appwidget-provider

android:minWidth="320dp"

android:minHeight="80"

android:updatePeriodMillis="10000"

android:initialLayout="@/layout/activity_main">

</appwidget-provider>

2.创建一个继承自AppWidgetProvider的类，以实现对Widget的更新，其实AppWidgetProvider继承自BroadcastReceiver。

3.定义组件layout文件

4.配置Manifest

（1）添加Receiver，选择继承自AppwidgetProvider的类

（2）为继承自AppwidgetProvider类的类添加元数据meta-data

<meta-data

android:name="android.appwidget.provider"

android:resource="@xml/widget_info"/>

（3）添加Activity---如果有链接的话：

Intent-Filter：action--ACTION_APPWIDGET_CONFIGURE

在Info(xml)文件中声明configuration = “Activity所在包”

代码如下

<application

<intent-filter>

</intent-filter>

</receiver> </application>

二．代码如下

res/xml/widget_info:Widget程序配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<appwidget-provider xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:minWidth="80dp"

android:minHeight="100dp"

android:updatePeriodMillis="1000"

<!--更新时间-,ms级别->

android:initialLayout="@layout/activity_main"

Android:configure = “一个配置widget的界面，不是继承自AppWidget的那个类”>

</appwidget-provider>

二．设计Widget

竖直方向vertical

Ceil piexl

4*1 320*100

4*2 320*200

3*3 240*300

2*2 160*200

水平方向horizon

4*1 424*74

3*3 318*222

2*2 212*148

三．指定一个Configure界面

即添加widget时，不是马上添加widget而是进入配置界面

1.在manifest中声明Activity

2.在appwidget_info.xml中声明android:configure

<appwidget-provider xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    ...
    android:configure="com.example.android.ExampleAppWidgetConfigure"
    ... >
</appwidget-provider>

四．为AppWidget的控件添加相应事件

调用setOnClickPendingIntent（int, PendintIntent）

public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager, int[] appWidgetIds) {
        final int N = appWidgetIds.length;

        // Perform this loop procedure for each App Widget that belongs to this provider
        for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
            int appWidgetId = appWidgetIds[i];

            // Create an Intent to launch ExampleActivity
            Intent intent = new Intent(context, ExampleActivity.class);
            PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(context, 0, intent, 0);

            // Get the layout for the App Widget and attach an on-click listener
            // to the button
            RemoteViews views = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.appwidget_provider_layout);
            views.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.button, pendingIntent);

            // Tell the AppWidgetManager to perform an update on the current app widget
            appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(appWidgetId, views);
        }

五．定时刷新widget

因为要考虑到省电等问题，所以在widget_info.xm文档中标识的android:updatePeriodMillis的时间并不能保证及时刷新，一般来说是30分钟，我们一般在onUpdate（）中添加一个Service来保证widget的实时刷新，具体实现方法如在其他Activity中更新widget一样

更新widget

1.首先，从运行的Activity中获取widget的id

Intent intent = getIntent();Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();if (extras != null) {
    mAppWidgetId = extras.getInt(
            AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_ID,
            AppWidgetManager.INVALID_APPWIDGET_ID);}

2.配置appWidget的设置

3.配置完毕，通过getInstance（context）获取一个AppWidgetManager的实例。

AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager = AppWidgetManager.getInstance(context);

4.通过updateAppWidget(int ,RemoteViews)由RemoteViews更新appWidget。

RemoteViews views = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(),
R.layout.example_appwidget);
appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(mAppWidgetId, views);

5.最后创建一个返回Intent，设置一个Activity Result并且finish掉这个Activity。

Intent resultValue = new Intent();
resultValue.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_ID, mAppWidgetId);
setResult(RESULT_OK, resultValue);
finish();

Tip:当你的configure Activity第一次打开，设置Activity的RESULT_CANCEL,这样，如果用户在配置之前就退出了，那么app widget host就会提醒这个配置取消了，并且不会被添加。

2.实现实时更新

--在onUpdate（）中添加一个alarm，定时更发送广播并在广播接收器中更新widget

代码如下

appWidgetProvider

@Override

public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager,

int[] appWidgetIds) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

super.onUpdate(context, appWidgetManager, appWidgetIds);

Log.d(tag, "onUpdate--widget刷新");

final int N = appWidgetIds.length;

// Perform this loop procedure for each App Widget that belongs to this provider

updateWidget(context,N,appWidgetManager,appWidgetIds);

//每分钟刷新一次时间

if(setCount<1)

setRefershWidgetTime(appWidgetIds);

}

/**

* 定时刷新widget的时间

* @param appWidgetIds

public void setRefershWidgetTime(int[] appWidgetIds){

AlarmManager am = (AlarmManager)mContext.getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);

Intent intent = new Intent(StringHelper.WIDGET_UPDATE);

intent.putExtra(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS, appWidgetIds);

PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, intent, 0);

int triggerTime = 60*1000;

am.setRepeating(AlarmManager.RTC, System.currentTimeMillis()+triggerTime, triggerTime, pi);

setCount++;

}

BroadcastReceiver

package com.ccp.wj.doit.receiver;

import com.ccp.wj.doit.utils.DateUtils;

import com.ccp.wj.doit.utils.StringHelper;

import com.ccp.wj.doit.widget.AppWidgetConfigureActivity;

import com.ccp.wj.doitweatherforcast.R;

import android.app.PendingIntent;

import android.appwidget.AppWidgetManager;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.widget.RemoteViews;

public class WidgetUpdateReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

private int h,m;

private int[]imgId=new int[4];

@Override

public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

Bundle b = intent.getExtras();

if(b!=null){

int appWidgetIds[]= b.getIntArray(AppWidgetManager.EXTRA_APPWIDGET_IDS);

updateWidgetTime(context,appWidgetIds);

}

private void updateWidgetTime(Context context, int[] appWidgetIds) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

int N = appWidgetIds.length;

for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {

int appWidgetId = appWidgetIds[i];

widgetInit();

// Create an Intent to launch ExampleActivity

// Get the layout for the App Widget and attach an on-click listener

// to the button

RemoteViews views = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout_4x1);

views.setImageViewResource(R.id.clock_0, imgId[0]);

views.setImageViewResource(R.id.clock_1, imgId[1]);

views.setImageViewResource(R.id.clock_2, R.drawable.widget_white);

views.setImageViewResource(R.id.clock_3, imgId[2]);

views.setImageViewResource(R.id.clock_4, imgId[3]);

//get the appWidgetManager

AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager = AppWidgetManager.getInstance(context);

appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(appWidgetId, views);

}

private void widgetInit() {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

h = DateUtils.getHours();

m = DateUtils.getMinutes();

String hour[]=new String[2],minutues[]=new String[2],hh,mm;

if(h < 10){

imgId[0]=StringHelper.clock_img_id[0];

imgId[1]=StringHelper.clock_img_id[h];

}

else{

hh=String.valueOf(h);

hour[0]=hh.substring(0, 1);

hour[1]=hh.substring(1);

imgId[0] = StringHelper.clock_img_id[Integer.parseInt(hour[0])];

imgId[1]=StringHelper.clock_img_id[Integer.parseInt(hour[1])];

}

if(m<10){

imgId[2]=StringHelper.clock_img_id[0];

imgId[3]=StringHelper.clock_img_id[m];

}

else{

mm = String.valueOf(m);

minutues[0]=mm.substring(0, 1);

minutues[1]=mm.substring(1);

imgId[2] = StringHelper.clock_img_id[Integer.parseInt(minutues[0])];

imgId[3]=StringHelper.clock_img_id[Integer.parseInt(minutues[1])];

}

六．多个widget放置在桌面时响应事件混乱

当在屏幕上有多个widget时，无论在哪个widget上点击，响应事件的总是最后一个widget，原因就是PendingIntent传值时出现了错误，每次添加的新PendingIntent把原来的PendingIntent的替换掉了、

PendingIntent pi = PendintIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent,0);

我们固定把第二个参数设置了为0.而第二个参数表示的是requestCode表示发送器的私有请求码，相当于pendingIntent的一个Id，PendingIntent会根据这个请求码来判断是否存在相同的PendingIntent，如果存在则替换，所以出现了以上情况。

建议PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context,appWidgetId,intent,0);

七．获取widget的所有id--appWidgetIds

appWidgetIds = appWidgetManager.getAppWidgetIds(new ComponentName("com.ccp.wj.doitweatherforcast","com.ccp.wj.doit.widget.DoItWeatherWidget"));

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