Android中关于Volley的使用(九)认识HurlStack(HttpClientStack)

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在Volley类中创建RequestQueue的时候,Volley就会根据设备的SDK版本来创建不同的HttpStack接口实现类,分别是HurlStack和HttpClientStack。

        if (stack == null) {            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 9) {                stack = new HurlStack();            } else {                stack = new HttpClientStack(AndroidHttpClient.newInstance(userAgent));            }        }

而在前面的章节中讲到,在BasicNetwork中,其实真正去跟网络打交道的正是这两个对象,在BasicNetwork, 调用HttpStack的performRequest方法,

    public NetworkResponse performRequest(Request<?> request) throws VolleyError {        ...        httpResponse = mHttpStack.performRequest(request, headers);


由于HurlStack和HttpClientStack的实现机制是一样的,只是使用的类不一样,我们这篇文章就只讲解HurlStack了。

下面是HurlStack中performRequest方法,
    public HttpResponse performRequest(Request<?> request, Map<String, String> additionalHeaders)            throws IOException, AuthFailureError {        String url = request.getUrl();        HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();        map.putAll(request.getHeaders());//默认为null        map.putAll(additionalHeaders);//添加头部,主要是缓存相关的头部信息        if (mUrlRewriter != null) {            ...//代码不执行        }        URL parsedUrl = new URL(url);        HttpURLConnection connection = openConnection(parsedUrl, request);//打开Connection        for (String headerName : map.keySet()) {            connection.addRequestProperty(headerName, map.get(headerName));        }//将Map的对象添加到Connection的属性中        setConnectionParametersForRequest(connection, request);//设置connection方法,主要是设置Method属性和Content(for post/put)        // Initialize HttpResponse with data from the HttpURLConnection.        ProtocolVersion protocolVersion = new ProtocolVersion("HTTP", 1, 1);//Http 1.1 协议        int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();        if (responseCode == -1) {            // -1 is returned by getResponseCode() if the response code could not be retrieved.            // Signal to the caller that something was wrong with the connection.            throw new IOException("Could not retrieve response code from HttpUrlConnection.");        }        StatusLine responseStatus = new BasicStatusLine(protocolVersion,                connection.getResponseCode(), connection.getResponseMessage());        BasicHttpResponse response = new BasicHttpResponse(responseStatus);        response.setEntity(entityFromConnection(connection));将返回的内容解析成response的Entity对象        for (Entry<String, List<String>> header : connection.getHeaderFields().entrySet()) {            if (header.getKey() != null) {                Header h = new BasicHeader(header.getKey(), header.getValue().get(0));                response.addHeader(h);            }        }        return response;    }
HttpURLConnection是Android3.0以后才提供的一个网络访问类,而HurlStack类,也正是H(ttp)URL的缩写,所以这个类,其实就是基于HttpUrlConnection的实现,其步骤如下:
1)从Request中获得url参数,根据url参数构造URL对象,而URL对象是java提供的获取网络资源的一个封装好的实用类。
2)从URL对象打开Connection,并设置connection的超时,缓存,让网络资源写入等属性。
    private HttpURLConnection openConnection(URL url, Request<?> request) throws IOException {        HttpURLConnection connection = createConnection(url);        int timeoutMs = request.getTimeoutMs();        connection.setConnectTimeout(timeoutMs);        connection.setReadTimeout(timeoutMs);        connection.setUseCaches(false);        connection.setDoInput(true);        // use caller-provided custom SslSocketFactory, if any, for HTTPS        if ("https".equals(url.getProtocol()) && mSslSocketFactory != null) {            ((HttpsURLConnection)connection).setSSLSocketFactory(mSslSocketFactory);        }        return connection;    }
3)调用方法 setConnectionParametersForRequest 来设置 Method属性,如果是Post或者Put的话,还要设置Content内容。
4)设置Http 协议,这里基本上是1.1了。
5)获得Response的流,并将其解析成对应的HttpEntity对象,设置给Response.entity字段,返回给BasicNetwork。
    private static HttpEntity entityFromConnection(HttpURLConnection connection) {        BasicHttpEntity entity = new BasicHttpEntity();        InputStream inputStream;        try {            inputStream = connection.getInputStream();        } catch (IOException ioe) {            inputStream = connection.getErrorStream();        }        entity.setContent(inputStream);        entity.setContentLength(connection.getContentLength());        entity.setContentEncoding(connection.getContentEncoding());        entity.setContentType(connection.getContentType());        return entity;    }

6)BasicNetwork获得返回来的Response对象,就会由Request去解析这个Response对象,因为不同的请求返回来的对象是不一样的,所以这个解析的过程必须由各个请求的实现类自己去实现,也即如ImageRequest,JsonObjectRequest对象等,都要实现自己的parseNetworkResponse方法。

HurlStack提供了三个构造函数,如下:
    public HurlStack() {        this(null);    }    /**     * @param urlRewriter Rewriter to use for request URLs     */    public HurlStack(UrlRewriter urlRewriter) {        this(urlRewriter, null);    }    /**     * @param urlRewriter Rewriter to use for request URLs     * @param sslSocketFactory SSL factory to use for HTTPS connections     */    public HurlStack(UrlRewriter urlRewriter, SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory) {        mUrlRewriter = urlRewriter;        mSslSocketFactory = sslSocketFactory;    }

其中第一个就是Volley类中使用的构造函数,但其实最终调用的都是
public HurlStack(UrlRewriter urlRewriter, SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory) {        mUrlRewriter = urlRewriter;        mSslSocketFactory = sslSocketFactory;    }

默认这两个类都是为null的,但是如果我们要实现对Url的拦截,对url进行一些处理的话,或者利用Https来保证数据传输的安全性的话,我们就可以传入自己实现的UrlRewriterc对象,或者添加SSlSocketFactory。不过在我们一般的项目中,也是用不到的啦,只要稍微了解一下就好了。

结束。


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