android: 调用webservice

(1)使用ksoap2调用WCF

  去ksoap2官网  http://code.google.com/p/ksoap2-android/ 下载最新jar

(2)所使用的webservice(这里只使用第一个接口)

Web服务访问地址： http://t.vip315.net:8800/ScauCsService.svc

现在只提供以下两个接口:

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取密码，必须传递正确的学号和密码(MD5值过去,才能得到4位纯数字返回值.注意,返回值在1分钟内有效,超过1分钟将会重新生成4位数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strStudentNumber"></param>
        /// <param name="strPassWordMD5"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        string GetMyPassword(string strStudentNumber, string strPassWordMD5);

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取学号的UPCA条形码，以二进制数组方式返回（返回的是BMP文件的二进制流,内容可直接写入一个文件中,然后作为BMP文件打开）
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strStudentNumber"></param>
        /// <param name="strPassWordMD5"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        byte[] GetUPCA(string strStudentNumber, string strPassWordMD5);

(3)根据Web服务访问地址，我们可以找到这个服务的WSDL地址是http://t.vip315.net:8800/ScauCsService.svc?wsdl 。在浏览器上访问我们可以看到以下文档：

<wsdl:definitions xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/" xmlns:tns="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:wsa="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" xmlns:wsp="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/policy" xmlns:wsap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/policy" xmlns:wsaw="http://www.w3.org/2006/05/addressing/wsdl" xmlns:msc="http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2005/12/wsdl/contract" xmlns:wsa10="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing" xmlns:wsx="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/mex" xmlns:wsam="http://www.w3.org/2007/05/addressing/metadata" name="ScauCSService" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/"><wsdl:types><xsd:schema targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/Imports"><xsd:import schemaLocation="http://t.vip315.net:8800/ScauCsService.svc?xsd=xsd0" namespace="http://tempuri.org/"/><xsd:import schemaLocation="http://t.vip315.net:8800/ScauCsService.svc?xsd=xsd1" namespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/"/></xsd:schema></wsdl:types><wsdl:message name="IScauCSService_GetMyPassword_InputMessage"><wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetMyPassword"/></wsdl:message><wsdl:message name="IScauCSService_GetMyPassword_OutputMessage"><wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetMyPasswordResponse"/></wsdl:message><wsdl:message name="IScauCSService_GetUPCA_InputMessage"><wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetUPCA"/></wsdl:message><wsdl:message name="IScauCSService_GetUPCA_OutputMessage"><wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetUPCAResponse"/></wsdl:message><wsdl:message name="IScauCSService_CheckStudentPassword_InputMessage"><wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:CheckStudentPassword"/></wsdl:message><wsdl:message name="IScauCSService_CheckStudentPassword_OutputMessage"><wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:CheckStudentPasswordResponse"/></wsdl:message><wsdl:portType name="IScauCSService"><wsdl:operation name="GetMyPassword"><wsdl:input wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IScauCSService/GetMyPassword" message="tns:IScauCSService_GetMyPassword_InputMessage"/><wsdl:output wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IScauCSService/GetMyPasswordResponse" message="tns:IScauCSService_GetMyPassword_OutputMessage"/></wsdl:operation><wsdl:operation name="GetUPCA"><wsdl:input wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IScauCSService/GetUPCA" message="tns:IScauCSService_GetUPCA_InputMessage"/><wsdl:output wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IScauCSService/GetUPCAResponse" message="tns:IScauCSService_GetUPCA_OutputMessage"/></wsdl:operation><wsdl:operation name="CheckStudentPassword"><wsdl:input wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IScauCSService/CheckStudentPassword" message="tns:IScauCSService_CheckStudentPassword_InputMessage"/><wsdl:output wsaw:Action="http://tempuri.org/IScauCSService/CheckStudentPasswordResponse" message="tns:IScauCSService_CheckStudentPassword_OutputMessage"/></wsdl:operation></wsdl:portType><wsdl:binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IScauCSService" type="tns:IScauCSService"><soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http"/><wsdl:operation name="GetMyPassword"><soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/IScauCSService/GetMyPassword" style="document"/><wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input><wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output></wsdl:operation><wsdl:operation name="GetUPCA"><soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/IScauCSService/GetUPCA" style="document"/><wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input><wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output></wsdl:operation><wsdl:operation name="CheckStudentPassword"><soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/IScauCSService/CheckStudentPassword" style="document"/><wsdl:input><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:input><wsdl:output><soap:body use="literal"/></wsdl:output></wsdl:operation></wsdl:binding><wsdl:service name="ScauCSService"><wsdl:port name="BasicHttpBinding_IScauCSService" binding="tns:BasicHttpBinding_IScauCSService"><soap:address location="http://t.vip315.net:8800/ScauCsService.svc"/></wsdl:port></wsdl:service></wsdl:definitions>

从文档我们可以得到的信息有：

(1)该WebSerivce所基于的SOAP协议版本是SOAP1.2

(2)该WebSerivce的命名空间(NameSpace)是http://tempuri.org

(3)我们所要调用的方法为GetMyPassword，而该方法所对应的方法的前缀为IScauCSService

(4)代码实现

package com.main;import java.io.IOException;import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope;import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject;import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope;import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;import android.annotation.SuppressLint;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Handler;import android.os.Message;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.TextView;import com.example.job2.R;import com.util.MD5Util;public class MainActivity extends Activity {private Button btn;private TextView resultView;private String result;@SuppressLint("NewApi")@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);btn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn);resultView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView);btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {public void onClick(View arg0) {new Thread(){              @Override              public void run() {                  // TODO Auto-generated method stub                  super.run();                  String studentNum = "201131000627";String pass = "998179";result = getRemoteInfo(studentNum, pass);                handler.sendEmptyMessage(0);            }          }.start();             }});}private String getRemoteInfo(String studentNum, String pass){// 命名空间String nameSpace = "http://tempuri.org/";// 调用的方法名称String methodName = "GetMyPassword";// EndPointString endPoint = "http://t.vip315.net:8800/ScauCsService.svc";// SOAP ActionString soapAction = "http://tempuri.org/IScauCSService/GetMyPassword";// 指定WebService的命名空间和调用的方法名SoapObject rpc = new SoapObject(nameSpace, methodName);// 设置需调用WebService接口需要传入的两个参数rpc.addProperty("strStudentNumber", studentNum);rpc.addProperty("strPassWordMD5", MD5Util.string2MD5(pass));// 生成调用WebService方法的SOAP请求信息,并指定SOAP的版本SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);// 设置是否调用的是dotNet开发的WebServiceenvelope.dotNet = true;// 等价于envelope.bodyOut = rpc;envelope.setOutputSoapObject(rpc);HttpTransportSE transport = new HttpTransportSE(endPoint);transport.debug = true;// 调用WebServicetry {transport.call(soapAction, envelope);} catch (Exception e) {} // 获取返回的数据SoapObject object = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;// 获取返回的结果String result = object.getProperty(0).toString();return result;}@Overridepublic boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);return true;}private Handler handler = new Handler() {            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {          super.handleMessage(msg);        resultView.setText(result);        };      };  }

(5)开发过程中的异常处理过程

(1)android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException 异常处理

产生原因: android4.0以上访问网络的功能不能发生在主线程中运行,本程序原来是在主线程中调用webservice的，所以产生异常

解决方法: Thread + Handler ,创建新进程来访问webservice

(2)java.net.SocketException: Permission denied (maybe missing INTERNET permission) 错误

产生原因：需要访问到网络，但Socket不能对外连接，错误不会被报出，调试的时候，能看到Exception。关于这个错误可访问http://www.myexception.cn/android/736848.html

解决方法：在AndroidManifest.xml中，需要进行如下配置：在 </application>下添加一行

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

(3)java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject 错误

解决方法：(a)右键项目,依次选择properties ---- java build path -----order and report ,然后在koasp2包前面打上勾 ,

    (b)project - clean