Tocmat的中文问题解决方法总结：mxz

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以下内容转自

http://blog.csdn.net/mxz391/archive/2007/06/27/1668818.aspx

http://blog.csdn.net/diaokegang/archive/2005/04/25/362653.aspx等文章

及自己的总结

问题描述：

1 表单提交的数据，用request.getParameter(“xxx”)返回的字符串为乱码或者？？
2 直接通过url如http://localhost/a.jsp?name=中国，这样的get请求在服务端用request. getParameter(“name”)时返回的是乱码；按tomcat4的做法设置Filter也没有用或者用 request.setCharacterEncoding("GBK");也不管用

原因：
1 tomcat的j2ee实现对表单提交即post方式提示时处理参数采用缺省的iso-8859-1来处理
2 tomcat对get方式提交的请求对query-string 处理时采用了和post方法不一样的处理方式。(与tomcat4不一样,所以设置setCharacterEncoding(“gbk”))不起作用。

解决方法：

一。首先所有的jsp文件都加上: 所有JSP改为<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="GBK" %>

1 实现一个Filter.设置处理字符集为GBK。(在tomcat的webapps/servlet-examples目录有一个完整的例子。请参考web.xml和SetCharacterEncodingFilter的配置。)

1) 只要把%TOMCAT安装目录%/ webapps/servlets-examples/WEB-INF/classes/filters/SetCharacterEncodingFilter.class 文件拷到你的webapp目录/filters下，如果没有filters目录，就创建一个。

2)在你的web.xml里加入如下几行：

<filter>
<filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>GBK</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
3)完成.

import javax.servlet.Filter;

import javax.servlet.FilterChain;

import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;

public class SetCharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {

protected String encoding = null;

protected FilterConfig filterConfig = null;

protected boolean ignore = true;

public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

this.filterConfig = filterConfig;

this.encoding = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");

String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter("ignore");

if (value == null)

this.ignore = true;

else if (value.equalsIgnoreCase("true"))

this.ignore = true;

else

this.ignore = false;

}

public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,

FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

// TODO 自动生成方法存根

if (ignore || (request.getCharacterEncoding() == null)) {

String encoding = selectEncoding(request);

if (encoding != null)

request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);

}

chain.doFilter(request, response);

}

public void destroy() {

// TODO 自动生成方法存根

this.encoding = null;

this.filterConfig = null;

}

protected String selectEncoding(ServletRequest request) {

return (this.encoding);

}

二、写一个过滤器类，在web.xml中配置（但是这是针对post提交的）。（过滤器类代码如上：）

<filter>
<filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>filters.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>

<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>Set Character Encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

三、get方式的参数。针对URL的方法就是－－修改tomcat的server.xml文件中URIEncoding。这个方法会改变服务器

1) 打开tomcat的server.xml文件，找到区块，加入如下一行：
URIEncoding=”GBK”
完整的应如下：

<Connector
port="80" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100"
debug="0" connectionTimeout="20000"
disableUploadTimeout="true"
URIEncoding="GBK"
/>

2)重启tomcat,一切OK。

四、JSP页编码为UTF-8，web.xml和servel.xml均未做改动

（一）、对于参数为中文的，且不用分析的，如下例：

1.JSP页

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<a href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/BbsCtrl?page=ShowPersonalPage&username=<%=java.net.URLEncoder.encode(viewUserInfo.getUserName())%>">管理</a>

2.处理的JAVA类

public class ShowPersonalPage extends HtmlPage {

public String print() throws Exception {

String n=req_.getParameter("username"); //取参数

String userName=null;

if(n!=null&&!n.equals("")){

userName = new String(req_.getParameter("userName").getBytes("ISO8859-1"));

}

（二）、对于参数为中文的，且用分析的，如下例：

JSP页：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<a href="<%=request.getContextPath() %>/u/<%=viewUserInfo.getUserName() %>">家庭主页</a>

处理的JAVA文件

package util;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import util.HtmlPage;

import util.Mail;

import util.PubFun;

public class Test extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 8135385272669981701L;

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

String jspStr = "webapp/sign_in.jsp";

HtmlPage page = null;

resp.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");

//获取uri

String requestUri = "";

requestUri = java.net.URLDecoder.decode(new String(req.getRequestURI().getBytes("ISO8859_1")),"utf-8");

int isPos = requestUri.indexOf("/u/");

if (isPos == -1) {

resp.sendRedirect("http://www.xxx.com");

return;

} else {

//截取userName

int beginPos = isPos + 3;

String userName = requestUri.substring(beginPos);

int endPos = userName.indexOf("/");

if (endPos > 0) {

userName = userName.substring(0, endPos);

}

if (userName.equals("")) {

resp.sendRedirect("http://www.xxx.com");

return;

} else {

req.setAttribute("userName",userName);

System.out.println(userName);

page = (HtmlPage) new page.user.ShowPersonHomePage();

}

if (page == null) {

resp.sendRedirect(jspStr);

return;

}

Connection conn = null;

try {

conn = PubFun.getConn(true);

page.prepare(conn, req, resp);

jspStr = page.print();

} catch (Exception e) {

Mail.send("xxx@sohu.com", "xxx@sohu.com",req.getRequestURI()+"?"+ req

.getQueryString(), e.getMessage(), null, "xxx@sohu.com",

"xxx");

req.setAttribute("inf", e.toString());

jspStr = "/webapp/view_inf.jsp?for_user=1";

} finally {

if (conn != null) {

try {

conn.close();

} catch (SQLException e2) {

System.out.println("HomeMapCtrl conn.close() falied");

}

if(jspStr!=null){

req.getRequestDispatcher(jspStr).forward(req, resp);

}

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

doGet(req, resp);

}

public class ShowPersonHomePage extends HtmlPage {

public String print() throws Exception {

//这个类根据逻辑需具体处理工作

}

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

五、同时介绍另一个将长访问地址转为短访问地址的示例：（与上例/u/的访问形式相仿，与本文中文编码解决方式没有关联）

JSP页

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/msg/<%=thr.getThreadId()%>" class="zifont"><%=topic.getHeading() %></a>
即http://www.xxx.com/msg/2212这种访问方式

JAVA文件处理

/**

* 迈兴志 2006-12-4 解析URL地址 BBS-->Msg

import java.io.IOException;

import util.Mail;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MsgCtrl extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 0;

public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)

throws ServletException, IOException {

String jspStr = "webapp/sign_in.jsp";

resp.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");

String requestUri = req.getRequestURI();

String id = requestUri.substring(requestUri.indexOf("/msg/") + 5,

requestUri.length());

String info="您查看的页不存在，请确定";

long tid2 = -1;

try {

tid2=this.getLongParameter(id,-1);

if(tid2==-1){

req.setAttribute("inf", info);

req.getRequestDispatcher("/webapp/view_inf.jsp").forward(req,resp);

return ;

}

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

return ;

}

jspStr = "/BbsCtrl?page=ShowMessagePage&fid=0&tid=" + tid2;

// jspStr = "/webapp/bbs/bbs_thread.jsp?tid="+tid2+"&fid="+fid;

if (jspStr != null) {

req.getRequestDispatcher(jspStr).forward(req, resp);

}

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)

throws ServletException, IOException {

doGet(req, resp);

}

protected long getLongParameter(String key, long i)

throws Exception {

if ((key == null) || (key.trim().length() == 0)) {

return i;

}

try {

return Long.parseLong(key.trim());

} catch (NumberFormatException exc) {

System.out.println("格式转换错误，不是真正的长整型"+"--------------------MsgCtrl类");

return -1;

}