opencv中的Mat类型的相关概念

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1.矩阵元素类型

判断一个矩阵元素的类型函数：type() ，在定义Mat的时候，可以指定type，如 Mat::Mat(int rows, int cols, int type, const Scalar& s)，其中,s表示要初始的值。

类型为以下几种：

#define CV_8UC1 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_8U,1)#define CV_8UC2 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_8U,2)#define CV_8UC3 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_8U,3)#define CV_8UC4 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_8U,4)#define CV_8UC(n) CV_MAKETYPE(CV_8U,(n))#define CV_8SC1 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_8S,1)#define CV_8SC2 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_8S,2)#define CV_8SC3 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_8S,3)#define CV_8SC4 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_8S,4)#define CV_8SC(n) CV_MAKETYPE(CV_8S,(n))#define CV_16UC1 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_16U,1)#define CV_16UC2 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_16U,2)#define CV_16UC3 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_16U,3)#define CV_16UC4 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_16U,4)#define CV_16UC(n) CV_MAKETYPE(CV_16U,(n))#define CV_16SC1 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_16S,1)#define CV_16SC2 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_16S,2)#define CV_16SC3 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_16S,3)#define CV_16SC4 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_16S,4)#define CV_16SC(n) CV_MAKETYPE(CV_16S,(n))#define CV_32SC1 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_32S,1)#define CV_32SC2 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_32S,2)#define CV_32SC3 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_32S,3)#define CV_32SC4 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_32S,4)#define CV_32SC(n) CV_MAKETYPE(CV_32S,(n))#define CV_32FC1 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_32F,1)#define CV_32FC2 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_32F,2)#define CV_32FC3 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_32F,3)#define CV_32FC4 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_32F,4)#define CV_32FC(n) CV_MAKETYPE(CV_32F,(n))#define CV_64FC1 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_64F,1)#define CV_64FC2 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_64F,2)#define CV_64FC3 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_64F,3)#define CV_64FC4 CV_MAKETYPE(CV_64F,4)#define CV_64FC(n) CV_MAKETYPE(CV_64F,(n))

因为矩阵的一个元素可能有几个子元素组成，如，CV_16SC3表示16位有符号3通道类型，即矩阵的一个元素包含了3个16位有符号的数。

2.矩阵的深度(depth)

矩阵的深度可以通过函数depth()得到。所谓矩阵的深度是指矩阵的每一个单通道中元素的类型，类型有以下几种：

#define CV_8U   0#define CV_8S   1#define CV_16U  2#define CV_16S  3#define CV_32S  4#define CV_32F  5#define CV_64F  6#define CV_USRTYPE1 7

如，对于一个有符号的16为元素，depth()应该返回CV_16S 。其中，

CV_8U - 8-bit unsigned integers ( 0..255 )
CV_8S - 8-bit signed integers ( -128..127 )
CV_16U - 16-bit unsigned integers ( 0..65535 )
CV_16S - 16-bit signed integers ( -32768..32767 )
CV_32S - 32-bit signed integers ( -2147483648..2147483647 )
CV_32F - 32-bit floating-point numbers ( -FLT_MAX..FLT_MAX, INF, NAN )
CV_64F - 64-bit floating-point numbers ( -DBL_MAX..DBL_MAX, INF, NAN )

参考

1. OpenCV官方文档 OpenCV官方文档 OpenCV官方文档：type()

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