python3 解析xml文件

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使用python3 xml.etree.ElementTree库解析xml文件

使用的xml文件内容如下：该数据来自百度天气api返回的xml格式的结果

<CityWeatherResponse>
<status>success</status>
<date>2014-04-27</date>
<results>
<currentCity>双牌</currentCity>
<weather_data>
<date>周六(实时：16℃)</date>
<dayPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/day/yin.png
</dayPictureUrl>
<nightPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/night/yin.png
</nightPictureUrl>
<weather>阴</weather>
<wind>北风微风</wind>
<temperature>15℃</temperature>
<date>周日</date>
<dayPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/day/duoyun.png
</dayPictureUrl>
<nightPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/night/duoyun.png
</nightPictureUrl>
<weather>多云</weather>
<wind>北风微风</wind>
<temperature>20 ~ 15℃</temperature>
<date>周一</date>
<dayPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/day/duoyun.png
</dayPictureUrl>
<nightPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/night/duoyun.png
</nightPictureUrl>
<weather>多云</weather>
<wind>北风微风</wind>
<temperature>22 ~ 15℃</temperature>
<date>周二</date>
<dayPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/day/zhenyu.png
</dayPictureUrl>
<nightPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/night/zhenyu.png
</nightPictureUrl>
<weather>阵雨</weather>
<wind>北风微风</wind>
<temperature>20 ~ 15℃</temperature>
</weather_data>
<currentCity>长沙</currentCity>
<weather_data>
<date>周六(实时：16℃)</date>
<dayPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/day/zhenyu.png
</dayPictureUrl>
<nightPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/night/zhenyu.png
</nightPictureUrl>
<weather>阵雨</weather>
<wind>微风</wind>
<temperature>15℃</temperature>
<date>周日</date>
<dayPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/day/duoyun.png
</dayPictureUrl>
<nightPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/night/duoyun.png
</nightPictureUrl>
<weather>多云</weather>
<wind>微风</wind>
<temperature>21 ~ 15℃</temperature>
<date>周一</date>
<dayPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/day/duoyun.png
</dayPictureUrl>
<nightPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/night/duoyun.png
</nightPictureUrl>
<weather>多云</weather>
<wind>微风</wind>
<temperature>24 ~ 15℃</temperature>
<date>周二</date>
<dayPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/day/duoyun.png
</dayPictureUrl>
<nightPictureUrl>
http://api.map.baidu.com/images/weather/night/duoyun.png
</nightPictureUrl>
<weather>多云</weather>
<wind>北风微风</wind>
<temperature>24 ~ 14℃</temperature>
</weather_data>
</results>
</CityWeatherResponse>

===========================>

def domParseXML(text=""):
if "" == text:
raise RuntimeError("解析的内容不能为空")
results = xml.etree.ElementTree.fromstring(text)
print("查询结果:",results.find("status").text,"查询日期:",results.find("date").text)
datas = results.find("results")
if datas is not None:
for data in datas:
if data.__len__() > 0:
for _,weather in enumerate(list(data)):
if weather.__len__() == 0:
text = weather.text.strip()
if text.startswith("http://"):
if text.find("day") > -1:
print("白天天气图标URL:",text)
else:
print("夜晚天气图片URL:",text)
else :
print(text)
else:
print("当前城市:",data.text)

运行结果如下：

ElemenTree使用parse，formstring两种方式加载xml数据

tree = xml.etree.ElementTree.parse("text.xml")#文件

xml.etree.ElementTree.fromstring()#xml字符串

#根节点

root = tree.getroot()

root.tag,root.text,root.attrid获得节点的标签，文本内容,属性

#获得子节点 --->直系子节点

for child in root:

print(child.tag,child.text)

也可以通过find方式查找节点

root.find("results")------->返回类型是Element

root.findall("results")----->返回类型是list列表

如果未查找到则返回None类型据此可做判断

可以通过以下方法判断某个节点是否还有子节点:

node.__len__() #0 表示无子节点

node.text #没有内容表示还有子节点

list(node)#空列表表示没有子节点

更多使用方法查看文档：xml.etree.ElementTree

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