Ubuntu 14.04 设置Android开发环境

准备Java环境

本文只安装sdk，不安装什么IDE，因为我只需要命令行模式开发即可。

首先安装openjdk 1.6，然后安装ant，这个不赘述。

下载SDK

从这里下载SDK for Linux 64bit的版本: http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html?hl=sk#download

wget http://dl.google.com/android/android-sdk_r23.0.2-linux.tgz

下载后，解压到本地目录，比如/opt/目录下， 然后设置环境变量，添加三行到~/.bashrc文件

export ANDROID_HOME=/opt/android-sdk-linuxPATH=$PATH:/opt/android-sdk-linux/toolsPATH=$PATH:/opt/android-sdk-linux/platform-tools

运行Android SDK Manager

运行android命令，将会弹出SDK Manager对话框，从中选择需要的package进行安装

安装模拟设备

android avd

具体参考官方文档：http://developer.android.com/training/basics/firstapp/running-app.html

我创建了一个模拟设备。  最后运行该模拟设备。

创建工程

显示targets

$ android list targetsAvailable Android targets:----------id: 1 or "android-10"Name: Android 2.3.3Type: PlatformAPI level: 10Revision: 2Skins: WQVGA400, HVGA, WVGA854, QVGA, WQVGA432, WVGA800 (default)Tag/ABIs : default/armeabi----------id: 2 or "android-19"Name: Android 4.4.2     Type: Platform     API level: 19     Revision: 3     Skins: WQVGA400, HVGA, WXGA800-7in, WXGA800, WVGA854, QVGA, WQVGA432, WVGA800 (default), WSVGA, WXGA720 Tag/ABIs : default/armeabi-v7a----------id: 3 or "Google Inc.:Google APIs:10"     Name: Google APIs     Type: Add-On     Vendor: Google Inc.     Revision: 2     Description: Android + Google APIs     Based on Android 2.3.3 (API level 10)     Libraries:      * com.android.future.usb.accessory (usb.jar)          API for USB Accessories      * com.google.android.maps (maps.jar)          API for Google Maps     Skins: WVGA854, WVGA800 (default), WQVGA400, QVGA, WQVGA432, HVGA Tag/ABIs : default/armeabi----------id: 4 or "Google Inc.:Google APIs x86:19"     Name: Google APIs x86     Type: Add-On     Vendor: Google Inc.     Revision: 4     Description: Android + Google APIs x86     Based on Android 4.4.2 (API level 19)     Libraries:      * com.google.android.media.effects (effects.jar)          Collection of video effects      * com.android.future.usb.accessory (usb.jar)          API for USB Accessories      * com.google.android.maps (maps.jar)          API for Google Maps     Skins: WVGA800 (default), QVGA, WSVGA, WXGA800-7in, WQVGA400, WVGA854, WXGA720, WXGA800, WQVGA432, HVGA Tag/ABIs : default/x86

创建工程

$ android create project --target android-10 --name MyFirstApp \--path MyFirstApp --activity MainActivity --package com.example.myfirstapp> Created project directory: MyFirstAppCreated directory /home/dean/work/gitlab_cloud/android/example/MyFirstApp/src/com/example/myfirstappAdded file MyFirstApp/src/com/example/myfirstapp/MainActivity.javaCreated directory /home/dean/work/gitlab_cloud/android/example/MyFirstApp/resCreated directory /home/dean/work/gitlab_cloud/android/example/MyFirstApp/binCreated directory /home/dean/work/gitlab_cloud/android/example/MyFirstApp/libsCreated directory /home/dean/work/gitlab_cloud/android/example/MyFirstApp/res/valuesAdded file MyFirstApp/res/values/strings.xmlCreated directory /home/dean/work/gitlab_cloud/android/example/MyFirstApp/res/layoutAdded file MyFirstApp/res/layout/main.xmlAdded file MyFirstApp/AndroidManifest.xmlAdded file MyFirstApp/build.xmlAdded file MyFirstApp/proguard-project.txtdean@dean-Aspire-V7-481G:~/work/gitlab_cloud/android/example$ lsMyFirstApp  READMEdean@dean-Aspire-V7-481G:~/work/gitlab_cloud/android/example$ cd MyFirstApp/dean@dean-Aspire-V7-481G:~/work/gitlab_cloud/android/example/MyFirstApp$ lsAndroidManifest.xml  ant.properties  bin  build.xml  libs  local.properties  proguard-project.txt  project.properties  res  src

编译

运行下面的命令编译

ant debug

如果报以下错误：

     [aapt] /opt/android-sdk-linux/build-tools/19.0.3/aapt: error while loading shared libraries: libz.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

安装库：

sudo apt-get install lib32z1

部署程序到模拟器

$ adb install bin/MyFirstApp-debug.apk97 KB/s (4858 bytes in 0.048s)pkg: /data/local/tmp/MyFirstApp-debug.apkSuccess

运行程序

好了，现在可以在模拟器里面运行程序了。 运行程序MainActivity，显示下面的文字:

Hello World, MainActivity

该文字其实是定义在./res/layout/main.xml 文件中:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:orientation="vertical"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    ><TextView      android:layout_width="fill_parent"     android:layout_height="wrap_content"     android:text="Hello World, MainActivity"    /></LinearLayout>

定义应用程序名称

如果想要修改Android中的应用程序名，不是在pom.xml中编辑，而是在src/values/strings.xml中定义，比如：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><resources>    <string name="app_name">mvn_example1</string>    <string name="edit_message">Enter a message</string>    <string name="button_send">Send</string>    <string name="action_settings">Settings</string>    <string name="title_activity_main">MainActivity</string></resources>