Asp.NET MVC3 使用 SignalR 实现推送(接上)

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一,Persistent Connection 示例教程

1,实现服务器端代码


1),编写服务器 PersistentConnection 代码

项目中 SignalR 目录下创建 PersistentConnection.cs 文件

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Threading.Tasks;using SignalR;namespace SignalTutorial.SignalR{    public class MyConnection : PersistentConnection    {        protected override Task OnConnectedAsync(IRequest request, string connectionId)        {            return Connection.Broadcast("Connection " + connectionId + " connected");        }        protected override Task OnReconnectedAsync(IRequest request, IEnumerable<string> groups, string clientId)        {            return Connection.Broadcast("Client " + clientId + " re-connected");        }        protected override Task OnReceivedAsync(IRequest request, string connectionId, string data)        {            var info = data + ". ConnectionId is [" + connectionId + "]";            // return Connection.Send(connectionId, info);               // Broadcast data to all clients            return Connection.Broadcast(info);           }        protected override Task OnDisconnectAsync(string connectionId)        {            return Connection.Broadcast("Connection " + connectionId + " disconncted");        }        protected override Task OnErrorAsync(Exception error)        {            return Connection.Broadcast("Error ocurred " + error);        }    }}

1,MyConnection 继承自 PersistentConnection,这样我们就能在客户端连接,重连接,断开连接,发送消息以及连接出错的情况下进行相关的处理。从下面的 PersistentConnection 接口中可以看到,PersistentConnection 同样支持组进行推送。


2,推送消息由 PersistentConnection 的属性 Connection 来提供,它继承自 IConnection 接口,该接口提供两个函数来实现对特定客户端的推送和广播功能。

System.Threading.Tasks.Task Send(string signal, object value)
System.Threading.Tasks.Task Broadcast(object value)

2),配置访问路由

为了支持客户端访问,我们将对路由表中进行配置。打开 Global.asax.cs ,修改 Application_Start() 函数如下:

protected void Application_Start(){    AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();    RouteTable.Routes.MapConnection<MyConnection>("echo", "echo/{*operation}");    RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);    RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);    // Make connections wait 50s maximum for any response. After    // 50s are up, trigger a timeout command and make the client reconnect.    GlobalHost.Configuration.ConnectionTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(50);    //DisconnectTimeout     //HeartBeatInterval     //KeepAlive }

在上面的代码中,我将 echo 及其子路径的访问映射到 MyConnection 上,并设置连接超时时间为 50 s。在这里还可以设置其他的一些参数,如断连超时时间,心跳间隔等。

2,实现客户端代码

@model dynamic@{    ViewBag.Title = "title";}<script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/persistent.js")" type="text/javascript"></script><h2>Persistent Chat</h2><div>    <input type="text" id="Placeholder" value="@ViewBag.ClientName" hidden="true"/>    <input type="text" id="msg" />    <input type="button" id="broadcast" value="广播" />    <br />    <br />        <h3>        消息记录: (你是:<span id="MyClientName">@ViewBag.ClientName</span>):    </h3>    <ul id="messages">    </ul></div>

2),编写 Javascript

向 Scripts 目录添加新的 Javescript 脚本:persistent.js。其内容如下:

$(function () {    var myClientName = $('#Placeholder').val();    var connection = $.connection('/echo');    connection.received(function (data) {        var msg = new String(data);        var index = msg.indexOf("#");        var clientName = msg.substring(0, index);        var content = msg.substring(index + 1);        if (clientName == null || clientName == "") {            writeEvent('<b>' + "系统消息" + '</b>: ' + content, 'event-message');        }        else {            writeEvent('<b>' + clientName + '</b> 对大家说: ' + content, 'event-message');        }    });    connection.start();    $("#broadcast").click(function () {        var msg = myClientName + "#" + $('#msg').val();        connection.send(msg);    });    //A function to write events to the page    function writeEvent(eventLog, logClass) {        var now = new Date();        var nowStr = now.getHours() + ':' + now.getMinutes() + ':' + now.getSeconds();        $('#messages').prepend('<li class="' + logClass + '"><b>' + nowStr + '</b> ' + eventLog + '.</li>');    }});

1,创建连接时,指定路径为 "/echo",该路径在服务器端的路由映射表被映射为 MyConnection,因而这个连接就被指向前面提供的 MyConnection。

2,将 clientName 信息放入 message 中,并用 # 将 clientName 和消息内容连接成一个 msg。


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