linux 添加分区并挂载

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linux分区不同于windows，linux下硬盘设备名为（IDE硬盘为hdx（x为从a—d）因为IDE硬盘最多四个，SCSI，SATA，USB硬盘为sdx（x为a—z）），硬盘主分区最多为4个，不用说大家也知道…..所以主分区从sdb1开始到sdb4，逻辑分区从sdb5开始，（逻辑分区永远从sdb5开始…）设备名可以使用fdisk –l查看

添加新硬盘sdb,但还未进行分区

[root@racdb03 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 1044 8281507+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

对sdb硬盘进行分区，划分为一个主分区，容量为300M;三个逻辑分区、容量为200M、200M、280M

首先创建主分区

[root@racdb03 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-130, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-130, default 130): +300M

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

注释：n表示创建分区;p表示创建主分区;1表示第一个主分区;w表示保存配置

创建扩展分区

[root@racdb03 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (38-130, default 38):
Using default value 38
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (38-130, default 130): +700M

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

注释： e表示创建扩展分区；2表示创建第二个主分区；分配的磁盘容量为700M

在扩展分区基础上创建逻辑分区

root@racdb03 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (38-123, default 38):
Using default value 38
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (38-123, default 123): +200M

Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (63-123, default 63):
Using default value 63
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (63-123, default 123): +200M

Command (m for help): n
Command action
l logical (5 or over)
p primary partition (1-4)
l
First cylinder (88-123, default 88): +300M
Value out of range.
First cylinder (88-123, default 88):
Using default value 88
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (88-123, default 123): +280M

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

注释：三个逻辑分区都是基于扩展分区sdb2创建的；l表示创建逻辑分区；

查看分区结果

fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 37 297171 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 38 123 690795 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 38 62 200781 83 Linux
/dev/sdb6 63 87 200781 83 Linux
/dev/sdb7 88 122 281106 83 Linux

注释:sdb1为主分区，sdb2为扩展分区,sdb5,sdb6,sdb7为逻辑分区

格式化分区

mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb1
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb5
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb6
mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdb7

创建四个挂载点

mkdir oracle
mkdir mysql
mkdir java
mkdir data

挂载

mount /dev/sdb1 /oracle
mount /dev/sdb5 /java
mount /dev/sdb6 /mysql
mount /dev/sdb7 /data

[root@racdb03 /]# df
文件系统 1K-块已用可用已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
7237104 3828500 3035052 56% /
/dev/sda1 101086 12511 83356 14% /boot
tmpfs 97540 0 97540 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdb1 287782 10288 262636 4% /oracle
/dev/sdb5 194442 5664 178739 4% /java
/dev/sdb6 194442 5664 178739 4% /mysql
/dev/sdb7 272224 10288 247881 4% /data

设置开启自动挂载

vi /etc/fstab

添加如下内容

/dev/sdb1 /oracle ext3 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb5 /java ext3 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb6 /mysql ext3 defaults 0 0
/dev/sdb7 /data ext3 defaults 0 0

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