Top popular android test automation tools introduction

• Test Automation Mode

• Test Frameworks on Android from Google

•Android

   •Instrumentation

        •ActivityTesting

        •Contentprovider Testing

        •ServiceTesting

•Monkey and Monkeyrunner

   •The UI/ApplicationExerciser Monkey, usually called "monkey", is a command-linetool that sends pseudo-random streams of keystrokes, touches, and gestures to adevice.

   •The monkeyrunner tool is an API and execution environment for testprograms written in Python. 

•UI Testing–uiautomator

   •A Java library containing APIs to create customizedfunctional UI tests, and an execution engine to automate and run the tests

•Espresso

   •Fresh start to Android UI test framework fromgoogle

• Other Popular Test Frameworks(open source)

•Robotium

•Most popular test framework for android, it supportshybrid application

•Largest users and community

•Instrumentation-based

•UI based

•Athrun

•From Taobao

•For Android andiOS

•Instrumentation-based

•UI based

•Appium

•For Android andiOS

•BDD

•Webdriver

•Android Uiautomator based

•UI based

•Calabash

•BDD

•Similaras S

•Monkeytalk

•UI based functional test tool

•For Android andiOS

•Record and playback

•Agent for app under test

•Instrumentation-based

•Robolectric

•Unit test framework without android DVM

•Mock almost everything

• Comparison Matrix

• Some popular details

Instrumentation
•InstrumentationTestRunner – the primaryplumbing for running tests on Android

•Android Instrumentation Framework isbuilt on top ofJUnit – a standardtest framework on for any Java development

•Mock objects – methods for creatingmock system objects such as content, service and intent.

Android: Uiautomator

•Google’s test framework for testing native Androidapps across device

•Works only on Android API level >=16

•Runs JUnit test cases with specialprivileges(test cases can span across different processes)

•No support for web view (only handleto web view elements as canvas object)

•

code example:

// Public void for the operationpublic void testSignInAndTweet() throws Exception {     // Starting application:   getUiDevice().wakeUp();     // Press Home button to ensure we're on homescreen   getUiDevice().pressHome();     // Select 'Apps' and click button    new UiObject(new UiSelector().description("Apps")).click();     // Select 'Twitter' and click   new UiObject(new UiSelector().text("Twitter")).click();      // Locate and select 'Sign in'   UiSelector signIn = new UiSelector().text("Sign In");      // If button is available, click   UiObject signInButton = new UiObject(signIn);      if (signInButton.exists()) {        signInButton.click();         // Set the username        new UiObject(newUiSelector().className("android.widget.EditText").instance(0)).setText("username");                 new UiObject(new UiSelector().className("android.widget.EditText").instance(1)).setText("password");                 new UiObject(new UiSelector().className("android.widget.Button").text("Sign In").instance(0)).click();         // Wait Sign in progress window        getUiDevice().waitForWindowUpdate(null, 2000);         // Wait for main window        getUiDevice().waitForWindowUpdate(null, 30000);         }    new UiObject(new UiSelector().description("New tweet")).click();     // Typing text for a tweet    new UiObject(new UiSelector().className("android.widget.LinearLayout").instance(8)).setText(“Helloworld!");     // Tweeting!    new UiObject(new UiSelector().text("Tweet")).click();}

Robotium

•Open source library extendingJUnit with plentyof useful methods for Android UI testing

•Powerful and robust automaticblack-box test cases for Android apps

•Supports native, hybrid and mobileweb testing

•Semi-active open source communitywith monthly releases

•Code example:

    // Public void for the operation    public void testRobotium() throws Exception {        // Wait for the text 'Hello!' to be shown for newbie        if (solo.waitForText("Hello!")) {            // R class ID identifier for 'Sign in' - and click it            solo.clickOnView(solo.findViewById("com.twitter.android.R.id.sign_in"));             // R class ID identifier for entering username            solo.enterText((EditText)                solo.findViewById("com.twitter.android.R.id.login_username"),"username");             // R class ID identifier for entering password            solo.enterText((EditText)            solo.findViewById("com.twitter.android.R.id.login_password"),"password");             // R class ID identifier for clicking log in            solo.clickOnView(solo.findViewById("com.twitter.android.R.id.login_login"));             // Wait until log in is done            solo.waitForActivity("HomeTabActivity");        }         // Activate the text field to compose a tweet        solo.clickOnView(solo.findViewById("com.twitter.android.R.id.menu_compose_tweet"));         // Type the tweet        solo.enterText((EditText) solo.findViewById("com.twitter.android.R.id.edit"), “hello");         // Tweeting!        solo.clickOnView(solo.findViewById("com.twitter.android.R.id.composer_post"));    }

Google Espresso

•The latest Android test automationframework from Google

•A custom InstrumentationTestrunner with specialprivileges

•Thin layer on top of AndroidInstrumentation Framework

•Easy API for extending theframework:

       •You can write new matchers:onView(Matcher<View>)

       •You can write new actions: perform(ViewAction)

       •You can write new checks: check(ViewAssertion)

•Reliable: Synchronizes with the UIthread

•It’s fast because there is no needfor any sleeps (tests run on same millisecond when the app becomes idle)

•No support for web views

Code example:

public void testSayHello() {  onView(withId(R.id.name_field)).perform(typeText("Steve"));  onView(withId(R.id.greet_button)).perform(click());  onView(withText("Hello Steve!")) .check(matches(isDisplayed()));}

Appium

•Uses Selenium Webdriver (W3C standard) as ascripting framework

•Supports native Android, native iOS and mobile web:

•Android via uiautomator (API level >=16) and Selendroid(API level <16)

•iOS via UI Automation

•Mobile web as Selenium driver for Android and iOS

•You can write your Appium scripts on almost anyprogramming language (Haskell/Go/Clojure/Java/Ruby)

•code example:

# wait for hellosleep(3)textFields = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('textField')assertEqual(textFields[0].get_attribute("value"), "Hello")# click sign-in buttondriver.find_elements_by_name('Sign in')[0].click()# find the text fields again, and enter username and passwordtextFields = driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('textField')textFields[0].send_keys("twitter_username")textFields[1].send_keys("passw0rd")# click the Login button (the first button in the view)driver.find_elements_by_tag_name('button')[0].click()# sleep sleep(3)# click the first button with name "Compose"driver.find_elements_by_name('Compose')[0].click()# type in the tweet messagedriver.find_elements_by_tag_name('textField')[0].send_keys(”Helloworld!")# press the Send buttondriver.find_elements_by_name('Send')[0].click()# exitdriver.quit()