使用模板类实现复数的四则运算

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复数：是指能写成如下形式的数a+bi,这里a和b是实数，i是虚数单位， i*i = -1

在复数 a+bi 中 a为复式的实部， b为复数的虚部

复数的四则运算:

（a+bi）+ （c+di）= （a+c）+ （b+d）i；

（a+bi）- （c+di） = （a-c） + （b-d）i；

（a+bi）* （c+di） = （ac-bd）+ （ad+bc）i；

（a+bi）/ （c+di）= (（ac+bd）+（bc-ad）i） / （c*c+d*d）；

程序代码:

#include <iostream>using namespace std;template<class T>//类声明前加模板的声明class Complex   {public:      Complex( )      {          real=0;          imag=0;      }                 Complex(T r,T i)      {          real=r;          imag=i;      }           Complex complex_add(Complex &c2);//复数的加法      Complex complex_minus(Complex &c2);//复数的减法      Complex complex_multiply(Complex &c2);//复数的乘法      Complex complex_divide(Complex &c2);//复数的除法      void display( );//显示复数private:      T real;//复数的实部      T imag;//复数的虚部};template<class T>Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_add(Complex &c2)//复数的加法{    Complex c3;    c3.real  = real + c2.real;    c3.imag  = imag + c2.imag;    return c3;}template<class T>Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_minus(Complex &c2)//复数的减法{    Complex c3;    c3.real  = real - c2.real;    c3.imag  = imag - c2.imag;    return c3;}template<class T>Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_multiply(Complex &c2)//复数的乘法{    Complex c3;    c3.real = real*c2.real - imag * c2.imag;    c3.imag = real*c2.imag + imag * c2.real;    return c3;}template<class T>Complex<T> Complex<T>::complex_divide(Complex &c2)//复数的除法{      Complex c3;    c3.real = (real * c2.real + imag * c2.imag) / (c2.real*c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag);    c3.imag = (imag * c2.real - real * c2.imag) / (c2.real*c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag);    return c3;}template<class T>void Complex<T>::display( )//显示复数{       if(imag > 0)//当虚部大于0时    {        cout<<real<<'+'<<imag<<'i';    }    else if(0 == imag)//当虚部等于0时    {        cout<<real;    }    else//当虚部小于0时    {        cout<<real<<imag<<'i';    }}int main( ){    Complex<double> Cmp1(8,-2), Cmp2(7,10), Cmp3;       //两个复数相加    Cmp1.display();    cout<<" + ";    Cmp2.display();    cout<<" = ";    Cmp3 = Cmp1.complex_add(Cmp2);    Cmp3.display();    cout<<endl;    //两个复数相减    Cmp1.display();    cout<<" - ";    Cmp2.display();    cout<<" = ";    Cmp3 = Cmp1.complex_minus(Cmp2);    Cmp3.display();    cout<<endl;    //两个复数相乘    Cmp1.display();    cout<<" * ";    Cmp2.display();    cout<<" = ";    Cmp3 = Cmp1.complex_multiply(Cmp2);    Cmp3.display();    cout<<endl;    //两个复数相除    Cmp1.display();    cout<<" / ";    Cmp2.display();    cout<<" = ";    Cmp3 = Cmp1.complex_divide(Cmp2);    Cmp3.display();    cout<<endl;    system("pause");}

执行结果:

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