Java序列化与反序列化

序列化是将对象状态转换为可保持或传输的格式的过程。与序列化相对的是反序列化，它将流转换为对象。这两个过程结合起来，可以轻松地存储和传输数据序列化为一般文件，也序列化为XML文件（使用XStream）。

用于序列化的实体类Person.java    代码如下（记得需要实现Serializable接口）：

package serial;import java.io.Serializable;@SuppressWarnings("serial")public class Person implements Serializable {    private String name;    private int    age;    public Person() {    }    public Person(String str, int n) {        System.out.println("<span style="font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">Inside Person's Constructo</span>");        name = str;        age = n;    }    String getName() {        return name;    }    int getAge() {        return age;    }}

序列化、反序列化为一般的文件，SerializeToFlatFile.java类的代码如下：

package serial;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.ObjectInputStream;import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;public class SerializeToFlatFile {    public static void main(String[] args) {        SerializeToFlatFile ser = new SerializeToFlatFile();        ser.savePerson();        ser.restorePerson();    }    public void savePerson() {        Person myPerson = new Person("Jay", 24);        try {            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("E:\\myPerson.txt");            ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);            System.out.println("Person--Jay,24---Written");            System.out.println("Name is: " + myPerson.getName());            System.out.println("Age is: " + myPerson.getAge());            oos.writeObject(myPerson);            oos.flush();            oos.close();        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    public void restorePerson() {        try {            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("E:\\myPerson.txt");            ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);            Person myPerson = (Person) ois.readObject();            System.out.println("Person--Jay,24---Restored");            System.out.println("Name is: " + myPerson.getName());            System.out.println("Age is: " + myPerson.getAge());        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

运行结果为（console输出），当然可以查看到myPerson.txt文件已经生成：
Inside Person's Constructor
Person--Jay,24---Written
Name is: Jay
Age is: 24

--------------------

Person--Jay,24---Restored
Name is: Jay
Age is: 24

序列化、反序列化为XML文件，使用了XStream来序列化，需要引入xstream-1.3.1.jar包的支持，
http://xstream.codehaus.org/download.html  处可以下载jar，然后引入到Eclipse中的build path中。
Serialize.java的代码如下：

package serial;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import com.thoughtworks.xstream.*;public class Serialize {    public static void main(String[] args) {        Serialize ser = new Serialize();        ser.serializeToXml();        ser.deSerializeFromXml();    }    public void serializeToXml() {        Person[] myPerson = new Person[2];        myPerson[0] = new Person("Jay", 24);        myPerson[1] = new Person("Tom", 23);        XStream xstream = new XStream();        try {            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("E:\\myPerson.xml");            xstream.toXML(myPerson, fos);        } catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {            ex.printStackTrace();        }        System.out.println(xstream.toXML(myPerson));    }    public void deSerializeFromXml() {        XStream xs = new XStream();        Person[] myPerson = null;        try {            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("E:\\myPerson.xml");            myPerson = (Person[]) xs.fromXML(fis);            if (myPerson != null) {                int len = myPerson.length;                for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {                    System.out.println(myPerson[i].getName());                    System.out.println(myPerson[i].getAge());                }            }        } catch (FileNotFoundException ex) {            ex.printStackTrace();        }    }}

生成文件如下:

<serial.Person-array>  <serial.Person>    <name>Jay</name>    <age>24</age>  </serial.Person>  <serial.Person>    <name>Tom</name>    <age>23</age>  </serial.Person></serial.Person-array>